| 大麦条纹病原菌的RAPD遗传多样性分析及大麦亲本抗性评价 |
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| 引用本文：侯静静，何智宏，司二静，姚立蓉，汪军成，马占军，李葆春，杨 轲，孟亚雄，马小乐，王化俊.大麦条纹病原菌的RAPD遗传多样性分析及大麦亲本抗性评价[J].西北农业学报,2020,30(4):512~520 |
| DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2020.04.004 |
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| 基金项目:国家大麦青稞产业技术体系（CARS-05-03B-03）；甘肃省科技重大专项计划（17ZD2NA016）；甘肃农业大学学科建设专项基金（GAU-XKJS-2018-082、083）；甘肃省科技支撑计划（1604NKCA052）。 |
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| 中文摘要:为了明确大麦条纹病菌-麦类核菌（Pyrenophora graminea）在甘肃省河西走廊地区不同地理位置的遗传差异性，并鉴定大麦亲本品种对其抗性，运用RAPD（Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA）技术，对甘肃农业大学农学院麦类实验室保存的20个采自河西不同地区的大麦条纹病菌株进行遗传多样性分析，采用“夹心法”对30种大麦亲本材料进行抗性评价。结果表明，在遗传相似系数（GS）为0.716 6时可将20个麦类核菌（P.graminea）菌株划分为4类，菌株XTB和JT聚为一类，且这2个菌株的地理位置相隔较远，菌株YC和HYH各自单独为一类，剩余16个菌株聚为一类；20个供试菌株中，菌株QQ和SW、菌株HZ和QWC的遗传相似系数（Genetic Similarity，GS）均为0.936 5，遗传相似性最高，遗传距离值分别为0.052 3和0.045 5。菌株YC的遗传相似系数最小，为0.624 1，与其他菌株间的遗传距离范围是0.372 2~0.633 0，得出不同地理来源的麦类核菌菌株存在一定的遗传差异性；在供试菌株中，菌株CJZ和SW的地理位置接近，遗传距离小，而菌株SW和QWC，HZZ和SW，SSB和HZ之间的地理位置均相隔较远，但两两之间的遗传距离值均较小，得出菌株间地理位置的远近差异与遗传距离的大小无显著相关性。抗性鉴定结果显示，30份供试的大麦亲本品种对菌株QWC的抗病性差异较大，鉴定出6份高感大麦条纹病品种，19份感病品种，5份抗病品种，其中‘Isotta’的抗性最差，‘甘啤6号’抗性最好。综上所述，引起甘肃河西走廊地区大麦条纹病的病原菌群体存在较高遗传差异性，且其亲缘关系的远近与地理差异无明显相关性；鉴定大麦亲本抗性，得到抗感大麦品种组合‘甘啤6号’和‘Isotta’。 |
| 中文关键词:大麦条纹病 麦类核菌 RAPD分析 遗传多样性 抗性评价 |
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| RAPD Genetic Diversity Analysis of Pyrenophora graminea and Evaluation of Barley Parent Resistance |
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| Abstract:In order to clarify the genetic diversity of Pyrenophora graminea at different geographical locations in Hexi of Gansu province and identify the resistance of barley parental varieties, RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) technique was used to analyze the genetic diversity of 20 strains of barley streak disease collected from different areas of Hexi in Gansu province.The resistances of 30 barley parents were evaluated by sandwich method.The results showed that 20 strains of P.graminea could be divided into four groups when the genetic similarity (GS) was 0.7166:the strains XTB and JT were clustered into one group and the geographical locations of these two strains showed a long distance.The strains YC and HYH were clustered into two groups, and the other 16 strains were clustered into one group.Among the 20 strains tested, the genetic similarities of strains QQ and SW, HZ and QWC were the highest, GS reached 0.936 5, and the genetic distances were 0.052 3 and 0.045 5 respectively.The genetic similarity of strain YC was the lowest, which was 0.624 1, and the genetic distance between YC and the other strains were 0.372 2-0.633 0, it was concluded that there were some genetic differences among the strains of Pyrenophora graminea from different geographical sources.In the tested strains, the geographical location of strain CJZ was closed to the one of SW, which showed the minimum genetic distance, while geographical locations of strains SW and QWC, HZZ and SW, SSB and HZ showed long distance, but the genetic distance between every two strains was relatively small, it was concluded that there was no significant correlation between the distance of geographical locations and the size of genetic distance.The results of resistance identification showed that the resistance of 30 barley parents to strain QWC varied greatly.6 highly susceptible barley stripe varieties, 19 susceptible varieties and 5 resistant varieties were identified, among which ‘Isotta’ had the lowermost resistance and ‘Ganpi 6’ had the highest resistance.In summary, the pathogenic bacteria causing barley leaf stripe in Hexi of Gansu had high genetic diversity, and there was no significant correlation between the genetic distance and the geographical difference.The group of resistant variety ‘Ganpi 6’ and susceptible variety ‘Isotta’ was obtained by identifying the resistance of barley parents.This study provides a theoretical basis for prevention and control of barley stripe disease and resistance breeding. |
| keywords:Barley leaf stripe Pyrenophora graminea RAPD analysis Ggenetic diversity Resistance evaluation |
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