| 摘要: |
| 为给西北荒漠绿洲区紫花苜蓿测土施肥奠定科学基础，本研究采用“零散实验数据整合法”和“养分平衡-地力差减法”，对该自然区域紫花苜蓿土壤氮素丰缺指标和推荐施氮量进行了研究。结果表明:西北荒漠绿洲区生长第1年紫花苜蓿土壤碱解氮第1~7级丰缺指标为≥77、57~77、42~57、31~42、23~31、17~23和<17 mg/kg，土壤有机质第1~7级丰缺指标为≥15、9~15、5~9、3~5、2~3、1~2和<1 g/kg；生长第2年及以上紫花苜蓿土壤碱解氮第1~5级丰缺指标为≥74、40~74、22~40、12~22和<12 mg/kg，土壤全氮第1~5级丰缺指标为≥1.4、0.7~1.4、0.3~0.7、0.2~0.3和<0.2 g/kg，土壤有机质第1~6级丰缺指标为≥21、10~21、5~10、2~5、1~2 和<1 g/kg；未区分生长年限的紫花苜蓿土壤全氮第1~5级丰缺指标为≥1.9、0.8~1.9、0.3~0.8、0.2~0.3和<0.2 g/kg。当目标产量为12~27 t/hm2、氮素利用率为40%时，第1~7级土壤的推荐施氮量分别为0、90~203、180~405、270~608、360~810、450~1 013和540~1 215 kg/hm2。本研究初步建立了西北荒漠绿洲区紫花苜蓿土壤氮素丰缺指标推荐施肥系统，为该区域紫花苜蓿测土施氮提供了科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 紫花苜蓿 测土施肥 丰缺指标 施肥指标 施肥量 |
| DOI：10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2022.02.09 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-35) |
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| Preliminary study on rich-lack index of soil N and recommended N fertilizer application rates for alfalfa in the northwest desert oasis of China |
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SUN Hongren1,MAIMAITI Munire2,SHABIHAN Shawulie2,BU Yaojun3,QIAO Nan3
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1.College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;2.Institute of Grassland Research, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi 830000, China;3.College of Life Sciences, Yulin University, Yulin 719000, China
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| Abstract: |
| To lay a scientific basis for alfalfa soil testing and fertilizer recommendation in the northwest desert oasis(NDO)of China, scattered experimental data integration method and the method of nutrient balance and target yield minus soil fertility yield were employed to study the rich-lack index(RLI)of soil N and the recommended N fertilizer application rates(RNFAR)for alfalfa in the natural regions. The results showed that the RLI of soil alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen for the first growing year alfalfa(FGYA)in the NDO of China for the 1st to 7th level were ≥77, 57-77, 42-57, 31-42, 23-31, 17-23 and <17 mg/kg, respectively. The RLI of soil organic matter for the FGYA for the 1st to 7th level were ≥15, 9-15, 5-9, 3-5, 2-3, 1-2 and <1 g/kg, separately. The RLI of soil alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen for the second and more growing years alfalfa(SAMGYA)for the 1st to 5th level were≥74, 40-74, 22-40, 12-22 and <12 mg/kg, respectively. The RLI of soil total nitrogen for the SAMGYA for the 1st to 5th level were ≥1. 4, 0. 7-1. 4, 0. 3-0. 7, 0. 2-0. 3 and <0. 2 g/kg, separately. The RLI of soil organic matter for the SAMGYA for the 1st to 6th level were ≥21, 10-21, 5-10, 2-5, 1-2 and <1 g/kg, respectively. The RLI of soil total nitrogen for the whole growing year alfalfa for the 1st to 5th level were ≥1. 9, 0. 8-1. 9, 0. 3-0. 8, 0. 2-0. 3 and <0. 3 g/kg, separately. As the target yield was 12-27 t/hm2 and the N fertilizer use efficiency was 40%, the RNFAR of the 1st to 7th level soil for alfalfa were 0, 90-203, 180-405, 270-608, 360-810, 450-1 013 and 540-1 215 kg/hm2, respectively. This study preliminary established the system of recommended nitrogen application rates for alfalfa in the NDO of China based on soil nitrogen RLI and provided scientific basis for soil testing and N-fertilizer recommendation of alfalfa in the NDO of China. |
| Key words: alfalfa soil testing and fertilizer recommendation rich-lack index fertilization index fertilizer application rate |
