| 金黄色葡萄球菌性奶牛乳房炎调查及菌株耐药性和毒力分析 |
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| 引用本文：刘肖利，刘璐瑶，李镔罡，裴文刚，李 斌，程 彪，苏战强，李勤凡.金黄色葡萄球菌性奶牛乳房炎调查及菌株耐药性和毒力分析[J].西北农业学报,2021,(10):1452~1460 |
| DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2021.10.003 |
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| 基金项目:2019年新疆农业大学-中国农业大学联合基金项目"新疆奶牛乳房炎防控关键技术研究与示范"（2019-7）；奶牛养殖提质增效关键技术集成示范（2020A01001-2）；新疆褐牛健康养殖技术集成与产业化示范（2017B01001-2）。 |
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| 中文摘要:为了研究金黄色葡萄球菌性奶牛乳房炎发病情况，及相应菌株的耐药性和毒力基因分布情况，从新疆乌鲁木齐、伊犁、昌吉地区的7个奶牛场随机采集患乳房炎奶牛乳汁样本，用绵羊血平板和Baird-Parker琼脂平板初筛，利用生化试验、16S rDNA序列分析鉴定金黄色葡萄球菌。先用K-B纸片扩散法对分离株进行药物敏感性检测，再用PCR方法检测其12种毒力基因，用小鼠攻毒试验检测其致病性。结果从142份乳汁样本中共分离出5株金黄色葡萄球菌，7个奶牛场有2个牛场检出并分离到金黄色葡萄球菌，分离率分别为7.14%(2/28)和8.82%(3/34)；药敏试验结果显示这些金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素G、氨苄西林、链霉素、头孢他啶和阿莫西林的耐药率为60%~80%，对红霉素的耐药率为20%，所有菌株最少对1种药物耐受，最多耐5种药物；分离株中共检出nuc、clfa、fnbB、eta、sea 5种主要毒力基因，所有分离菌对小鼠均有很强的致病性。综上所述，所检牛场由金黄色葡萄球菌导致的奶牛乳房炎感染情况较为严重，分离菌耐药性不强，许多菌株携带多个毒力基因且具有很强的致病性。 |
| 中文关键词:奶牛乳房炎 金黄色葡萄球菌 耐药性 毒力基因 PCR |
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| Cow Mastitis Caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Analysis of Its Drug Resistance and Virulence |
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| Abstract:In order to study the incidence of cow mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus and the distribution of drug resistance and virulence genes of the corresponding strains, milk samples of dairy cows with mastitis were collected randomly from 7 dairy farms in Urumqi, Yili and Changji areas of Xinjiang.Sheep blood plate and Baird Parker Agar plate were used for screening preliminarily, and then Staphylococcus aureus was identified by biochemical test and 16S rDNA sequence analysis.For the isolated strains, K-B disk diffusion method was used to detect drug resistance, PCR method was used to detect 12 virulence genes, and mouse challenge test was used to detect pathogenicity.The results showed that five strains of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from 142 milk samples.Staphylococcus aureus was detected in 2 of 7 dairy farms, and the isolation rates were 7.14%(2/28) and 8.82%(3/34), respectively.The results of drug sensitivity test showed that the drug resistance rate of these Staphylococcus aureus to penicillin G, ampicillin, streptomycin, ceftazidime and amoxicillin was 60%-80%, and the drug resistance rate to erythromycin was 20%.All strains were resistant to at least one drug and at most five drugs.Five major virulence genes of isolated strains were nuc, clfa, fnbB, eta and sea.All the isolates were highly pathogenic to mice.In conclusion, the dairy cow mastitis infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus is serious, the drug resistance of isolated bacteria is not strong, many strains carry multiple virulence genes and have strong pathogenicity. |
| keywords:Cow mastitis Staphylococcus aureus Antibiotic resistance Virulence genes PCR |
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