利用作物生长分析法,研究了不同粒型玉米品种产量、产量构成和群体库源特征等指标与种植密度的关系。结果表明,种植密度为30000～60000株/hm²,鲁单981(LD981)的单位面积实收穗数是决定群体子粒产量的限制因素;高于60000株/hm²,穗粒数与千粒重则是决定群体子粒产量的限制因素。泉兴2101(QX2101)群体子粒产量的限制因素是单位面积实收穗数。LD981的单株产量、群体产量与产量构成因素对种植密度的敏感度要高于QX2101,前者在较低密度时,易获得较高的群体库源比值与群体叶面积指数,产量潜力较高;后者则在较高密度时,易获得较高的群体库源比值与群体叶面积指数,产量潜力较高。群体库容量与源供应能力均是两种粒重类型玉米品种产量的限制因素,但群体库容量始终占主导作用。

The relationships between planting density and yield, yield components, and population sink-source were studied synthetically by means of crop growth analysis method. The results showed that the ears numbers per ha were the main contribution factor to yield of LD981 when the plant densities of the maize were from 30 000 - 60 000 plant/ha, while the plant densities of the maize were more than 60 000 plant/ha, the kernels numbers per ear and 1000-kernels weight were the main contribution factor. However, the ears numbers per ha were all along the main contribution factor to yield of QX2101. The variety of planting density affected the single plant yield, the population yield and the yield components of LD981 were more than QX2101. LD981 gained easily biggish population sink-source ratio, canopy LAI and population yield when the plant densities of the maize were from 30 000 - 60 000 plant/hm², while QX2101 gained easily biggish population sink-source ratio, canopy LAI and population yield when the plant densities of the maize were from 60 000 - 90 000 plant/ha. The sink capacity and source supply ability were contribution factors to yield of two kernels types maize, then the sink capacity was all along the pivotal factor.

国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD02A09、2007BAD89B09);山东省农业科学院高新技术自主创新基金项目(2007YCX024、2006YCX003)