利用棉绳采集口腔液监测猪伪狂犬病方法的应用分析

doi:10.16431/j.cnki.1671-7236.2021.01.031

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为分析使用棉绳采集口腔液监测猪场伪狂犬病（PR）方法的科学性，本研究拟通过实验室水平、动物试验及临床应用3个方面对使用棉绳采集口腔液监测猪场PR这一方法开展应用分析。首先对采样条件进行优化，并通过模拟试验测定棉绳对伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）的释放能力，通过动物试验测定病毒感染后检出时间，最后对临床样品进行检测分析。结果表明：使用直径为1.0 cm的棉绳，在早上喂料前采集口腔液样品，采样时间为20~30 min，可采集到更能满足试验要求的口腔液。病毒释放能力测定显示，棉绳对PRV的释放能力为50%左右，使用棉绳采集口腔液可检测到1个TCID₅₀/0.1 mL的病毒含量。动物试验检测发现，猪群在感染后28 d中除第5天外，口腔液中病原含量均高于鼻拭子中病原含量，口腔液检测效果优于鼻拭子，且口腔液中病毒的检出时间（感染后第1天）早于血液中抗体转阳时间（感染后第7天）。临床样品检测分析结果表明，PRV疫苗免疫后也可通过口腔液检测到疫苗毒，并且存在无法通过口腔液检测感染PRV野毒后稳定猪中带毒的情况，因此口腔液检测方法应结合gE抗体检测，才可综合判断猪群是否为感染群体。综上，本研究优化了口腔液采集方法，并测定了棉绳对口腔液的释放能力和感染后检出时间，表明口腔液可作为较好的监测猪群PR的手段；口腔液监测方法需结合gE抗体检测来综合判断猪群是否为感染群体。

关键词: 棉绳; 猪; 口腔液; 伪狂犬病病毒

Abstract: For analyzing the scientific method of using cotton rope to collect oral liquid to monitor pseudorabies (PR) in pig farm,the study was carried out through three aspects,laboratory level,animal test and clinical application.Firstly,the sampling conditions were optimized to determine the ability of the cotton rope to release the Pseudorabies virus (PRV),then the detection time after virus infection was determined by animal experiments,and finally,clinical samples were tested and analyzed.The results showed that it was necessary to suspend a cotton rope with a diameter of 1.0 cm on the pigpen before feeding in the morning,and wait for the pig to bite the cotton rope for 20-30 min.The measurement of virus release ability showed that the release capacity of cotton rope to PRV was about 50%.The measurement of virus release ability showed that 1 TCID₅₀/0.1 mL could be detected.The animal test showed that the pathogenic content in oral fluid was higher than that in nasal swabs except the 5th day in 28 days after infection.And the detection time of the virus (1 d after infection) was earlier than the time when the antibodies turned appear in the blood (7 d after infection).The clinical test results showed that the oral fluid detection method needed to be combined with gE antibody detection to comprehensively determine whether the pig was infected or not,because the vaccine toxicity could also be detected through oral fluids.In summary,this study optimized the oral fluid collection method,and measured the oral fluid release ability of the cotton rope and the detection time after infection,indicating that the oral fluid could be used as a better means of monitoring PR in pigs.In addition,oral fluid detection method needed to be combined with gE antibody detection to comprehensively determine whether the pig herd was an infected group.

Key words: cotton rope; pig; oral liquid; Pseudorabies virus

中图分类号:

S855.3

于学祥, 许拓, 何东贤, 库旭钢, 罗锐, 范盛先, 何启盖. 利用棉绳采集口腔液监测猪伪狂犬病方法的应用分析[J]. 中国畜牧兽医, 2021, 48(1): 280-286.

YU Xuexiang, XU Tuo, HE Dongxian, KU Xugang, LUO Rui, FAN Shengxian, HE Qigai. Application Analysis of the Method for Monitoring Porcine Pseudorabies by Using Cotton Rope to Collect Oral Fluid[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2021, 48(1): 280-286.

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