| 不同降水年型下秸秆带状覆盖对西北旱地马铃薯品质和产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 张森昱,冯雨露,马建涛,杨成存,韩凡香,柴守玺,黄彩霞,常磊.不同降水年型下秸秆带状覆盖对西北旱地马铃薯品质和产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2023(5):207-216. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张森昱 冯雨露 马建涛 杨成存 韩凡香 柴守玺 黄彩霞 常磊 |
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| 作者单位： | 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室/甘肃农业大学农学院，甘肃 兰州 730070;兰州城市学院地理与环境工程学院，甘肃 兰州 730070;甘肃农业大学水利水电工程学院，甘肃 兰州 730070 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金（31960239）；甘肃省高等学校产业支撑计划项目（2022CYZC-48）；国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFD1900700）；甘肃农业大学科技创新基金—青年导师扶持基金（GSAU-QDFC-2020-04）；甘肃省优秀研究生“创新之星”项目（2022CXZXB-029） |
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| 摘 要： | 为探明不同覆盖方式对马铃薯品质和产量的影响，于2019—2021年在西北半干旱雨养农业区设置秸秆带状覆盖(SM)、地膜覆盖(PM)、无覆盖露地(CK)3个处理，通过测定马铃薯块茎维生素C、淀粉、直链淀粉、还原糖、粗蛋白含量及产量指标，研究不同覆盖方式对马铃薯品质和产量的影响。结果表明：不同降水年型下秸秆带状覆盖和地膜覆盖均可以显著改善马铃薯的品质，丰水年(2019年和2020年),与CK相比，SM处理显著提高了块茎淀粉、直链淀粉的含量，增幅分别为15.2%和31.9%,PM处理显著提高了粗蛋白含量，增幅为26.6%;平水年(2021年),与CK相比，SM处理维生素C、还原糖含量分别显著提高20.4%和5.1%,PM处理维生素C、还原糖、粗蛋白含量分别显著提高35.2%、8.3%、14.6%;覆盖方式对马铃薯品质的影响整体表现为SM>PM。主成分分析和灰色关联度分析表明，SM和PM处理均可提高马铃薯品质，且SM处理马铃薯品质与产量关联度高于PM处理，SM处理下淀粉、直链淀粉含量与产量的关联度最高。覆盖栽培方式均显著提高了马铃薯鲜薯产量，SM、PM分别较CK提高13.7%～19.5%...
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| 关 键 词： | 秸秆带状覆盖 地膜覆盖 马铃薯 降水年型 品质 产量 |
Effects of straw strip mulching on potato tuber quality and yield in the northwestern dryland region under different hydrological year |
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| ZHANG Senyu,FENG Yulu,MA Jiantao,YANG Chengcun,HAN Fanxiang,CHAI Shouxi,HUANG Caixi,CHANG Lei.Effects of straw strip mulching on potato tuber quality and yield in the northwestern dryland region under different hydrological year[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2023(5):207-216. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Senyu FENG Yulu MA Jiantao YANG Chengcun HAN Fanxiang CHAI Shouxi HUANG Caixi CHANG Lei |
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| Affiliation: | Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Arid Habitat Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China;College of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Lanzhou City College, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China;College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China |
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| Abstract: | To explore the effects of different mulching methods on potato quality and yield, three treatments of straw strip mulching (SM), plastic film mulching (PM), and uncovered field (CK) were set up in the semi\|arid rain\|fed agricultural area of northwestern China from 2019 to 2021. The effects of different mulching methods on potato quality and yield were studied by measuring the contents of vitamin C, starch, amylose, reducing sugar, crude protein and yield indexes of potato tubers. The results showed that straw strip mulching and plastic film mulching significantly improved the quality of potato in different hydrological year. In wet years (2019 and 2020), compared with CK, SM treatment significantly increased the content of tuber starch and amylose, with an increase of 15.2% and 31.9%, respectively. PM treatment significantly increased the crude protein content by 26.6%. In normal year of 2021, compared with CK, the contents of vitamin C and reducing sugar in SM treatment were significantly increased by 20.4% and 5.1%, respectively, and the contents of vitamin C, reducing sugar and crude protein in PM treatment were significantly increased by 35.2%, 8.3% and 14.6%, respectively. The effect of mulching methods on potato quality was SM>PM. Principal component analysis and grey correlation analysis showed that both SM and PM treatments improved potato quality, and the correlation between potato quality and yield under SM treatment was higher than that under PM treatment. The correlation between starch, amylose content and yield under SM treatment was the highest. Mulching cultivation significantly increased the yield of fresh potato, SM and PM increased by 13.7%~19.5% and 26.4%~37.2% compared with CK, respectively. In summary, straw strip mulching significantly improved potato quality and significantly increased potato yield which should have good application and promotion value in potato production in semi\|arid rain\|fed agricultural areas in northwestern China. |
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| Keywords: | straw strip mulching plastic film mulching potato hydrological year tuber quality yield |
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