| 中南鱼藤枝叶提取物对植物病原真菌的抑菌活性 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘启凤,张北京,尹丰满,张羲,胡展,谢佳,孙然锋.中南鱼藤枝叶提取物对植物病原真菌的抑菌活性[J].热带生物学报,2022,13(3):227-234. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘启凤 张北京 尹丰满 张羲 胡展 谢佳 孙然锋 |
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| 作者单位： | 海南大学 热带农林生物灾害绿色防控教育部重点实验室/植物保护学院，海口 570228 |
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| 摘 要： | 为探究中南鱼藤（Derris fordii Oliv.）枝叶的甲醇提取物及其各相萃取物（石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水）对植物病原真菌的抑菌活性，采用菌丝生长速率法测定了其对8种真菌的抑制活性；运用孢子萌发法测定了其对香蕉炭疽病菌分生孢子萌发的抑制活性。为探究中南鱼藤枝叶的甲醇提取物及其各相萃取物对植物病原真菌的防治效果，利用香蕉果实接种法测定了中南鱼藤枝叶的甲醇提取物对香蕉果实炭疽病的防治效果，利用盆栽法测定了中南鱼藤枝叶的甲醇提取物及其各相萃取物对豇豆白粉病的活体防治效果。结果表明，中南鱼藤枝叶的甲醇提取物及其各相萃取物对8种植物病原真菌均表现出不同程度的抑制作用（EC50=0.24～1.33 g·L?1），其中，中南鱼藤枝叶的甲醇提取物在2.00 g·L?1对香蕉炭疽病菌菌丝生长抑制率达到82.15%。同时，中南鱼藤乙酸乙酯萃取相浓度为1.00 g·L?1时对香蕉炭疽病菌分生孢子萌发相对抑制率为89.92%。另外，防治效果结果表明，香蕉果实接种实验中中南鱼藤甲醇提取物浓度为3.20 g·L?1时对香蕉果实炭疽病的防治效果为71.11%；中南鱼藤甲醇提取物及其正丁醇相萃取物在浓度为1.00 g·L?1下对豇豆白粉病的防治效果分别为91.67%和94.07%。可见中南鱼藤枝叶的甲醇提取物及其石油醚相、乙酸乙酯相、正丁醇相和水相萃取物在植物真菌病害防治方面具有潜在的应用价值。
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| 关 键 词： | 中南鱼藤 植物病原真菌 抑菌活性 植物源农药 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-08-07 |
Fungistatic activity of the extracts from the twigs and leaves of Derris fordii against plant pathogenic fungi |
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| LIU Qifeng,ZHANG Beijing,YIN Fengman,ZHANG Xi,HU Zhan,XIE Jia,SUN Ranfeng.Fungistatic activity of the extracts from the twigs and leaves of Derris fordii against plant pathogenic fungi[J].Journal of Tropical Biology,2022,13(3):227-234. |
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| Authors: | LIU Qifeng ZHANG Beijing YIN Fengman ZHANG Xi HU Zhan XIE Jia SUN Ranfeng |
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| Affiliation: | College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China |
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| Abstract: | The twigs and leaves of Derris fordii were extracted with methanol and then partitioned to factions in petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water to assess the fungistatic activity of the methanol extracts and their fractions against plant pathogenic fungi. Eight plant pathogenic fungi were selected for treatment with the methanol extracts and their fractions of D. fordii to determine the mycelial growth inhibition activities by using the mycelium growth rate method, and the inhibition activities against the spore germination of Colletotrichum musae by using the spore germination method. The control effects of the methanol extracts of D. fordii against C. musae infecting banana fruit were determined by inoculation method, and the control effects of the methanol extracts of D. fordii and their solvent-partitioned fractions against Podosphaera xanthii in vivo were determined by pot culture method. The results showed that the methanol extracts and their factions of Derris fordii had different degrees of mycelial growth inhibition effects on the eight plant pathogenic fungi with the EC50 being 0.24～1.33 g·L?1, of which the methanol extract at the concentration of 2.00 g·L?1 had an inhibition rate of 82.15% against C. musae, and the ethyl acetate fraction at 1.00 g·L?1 had a relative inhibition rate of 89.92% against the spore germination of C. musae. The in vivo experiments indicated that the methanol extract of D. fordii at 3.20 g·L?1 had a control effect of 71.11% against C. musae in the inoculation experiment and that the methanol extract and the n-butanol fraction of Derris fordii when both at the concentration of 1.00 g·L?1 gave control effects of 91.67% and 94.07% against P. xanthii, respectively. Therefore, the methanol extracts and the petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water fractions of D. fordii are potentially valuable in the prevention and control of plant pathogenic fungal diseases. |
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