| 不同除草剂对寒地水稻穗部性状及产量和品质的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 秦猛,刘丽华,康楷,翟玲侠,陈志波,孙维声,宫天明,刘昊,郑桂萍.不同除草剂对寒地水稻穗部性状及产量和品质的影响[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(1):115-122. |
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| 作者姓名： | 秦猛 刘丽华 康楷 翟玲侠 陈志波 孙维声 宫天明 刘昊 郑桂萍 |
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| 作者单位： | 黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,黑龙江大庆 163319 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0300104）；黑龙江省自然科学基金项目（C2018048）；黑龙江八一农垦大学科研团队平台支持计划项目（TDJH201802） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】探究不同种类、不同浓度除草剂对寒地水稻穗部性状、产量性状和稻米品质及稻田杂草防效的影响，为寒地水稻高产优质栽培及稻田除草剂筛选提供理论依据。【方法】开展寒地水稻品种龙粳31盆栽试验，设3种除草剂、9个处理［丁草胺EW 1500.0、2100.0和2700.0 mL/ha（EW1、EW2和EW3）；乙氧氟草醚EC 150.0、300.0和450.0 mL/ha（EC1、EC2和EC3）；双环磺草酮SC 1800.0、2400.0和3000.0 mL/ha（SC1、SC2和SC3）］，以常规处理为对照（CK），测定分析各处理龙粳31成熟期的穗部性状、产量性状和稻米品质及对稻田杂草的防效。【结果】与CK相比，EW2和EW3处理有利于龙粳31一次和二次枝梗数积累，EC3处理有利于龙粳31一次枝梗稻谷结实率和千粒重增加；SC1和SC2处理龙粳31二次枝梗稻谷粒数、结实率和千粒重均较高。EC1处理龙粳31稻谷的产量最高（41.97 g/穴），较CK显著增加23.04%（P< 0.05，下同），但稻米品质较差；SC1处理龙粳31的稻谷产量较高，为41.61 g/穴，显著高于EW3处理和CK；SC3处理可显著降低龙粳31稻米的垩白度和垩白粒率；EW2、EW3和EC2处理龙粳31稻米的蛋白和直链淀粉含量均显著低于CK；SC1处理龙粳31稻米的糙米率、精米率和整精米率显著提高，且食味评分最佳；杂草防效以SC1、SC2和SC3处理较高。【结论】施用150.0 mL/ha 24%乙氧氟草醚EC对龙粳31水稻的增产效果最佳，但其稻米品质较差；施用1800.0 mL/ha 25%双环磺草酮SC的龙粳31水稻增产效果较好，且可改善其穗部性状和稻米品质，对杂草的防效较高，施药的综合效果最佳。
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| 关 键 词： | 寒地水稻 除草剂 穗部性状 产量 品质 防效 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-07-21 |
Effects of different herbicides on panicle traits,yield and quality of rice panicle in cold regions |
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| QIN Meng,LIU Li-hua,KANG Kai,ZHAI Ling-xia,CHEN Zhi-bo,SUN Wei-sheng,GONG Tian-ming,LIU Hao,ZHENG Gui-ping.Effects of different herbicides on panicle traits,yield and quality of rice panicle in cold regions[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2021,52(1):115-122. |
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| Authors: | QIN Meng LIU Li-hua KANG Kai ZHAI Ling-xia CHEN Zhi-bo SUN Wei-sheng GONG Tian-ming LIU Hao ZHENG Gui-ping |
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| Affiliation: | Agricultural College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】To explore the effects of different types and concentrations of herbicides on panicle traits, yield and quality of rice and weed control in cold regions, and to provide theoretical basis for high yield and good quality of rice cultivation in cold region and the selection of herbicides.【Method】The rice variety in cold region Longjing 31 was used as the test material, and the pot experiment was adopted, with three herbicides and ten treatments butachlor EW 1500.0, 2100.0 and 2700.0 mL/ha(EW1, EW2 and EW3);oxyfluorfen EC 150.0, 300.0, and 450.0 mL/ha(EC1, EC2 and EC3);benzobicyclon SC 1800.0, 2400.0, and 3000.0 mL/ha(SC1, SC2 and SC3);control(CK)], The panicle traits, yield traits and rice quality at mature stage and control effect of each herbicide on weeds in field were determined.【Result】Compared with CK, EW2 and EW3 treatments were conducive to the accumulation of primary and secondary branches of Longjing 31, and EC3 treatment was conducive to the increase of seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight of primary branches of Longjing 31.The grain number, seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight of the secondary branches of Longjing 31 treated with SC1 and SC2 were higher.The yield of Longjing 31 treated with EC1 was the highest(41.97 g/hole), which was significantly increased by 23.04% than that of CK(P< 0.05, the same below), but the rice quality was poor.The yield of SC1 treatment was 41.61 g/hole, significantly higher than EW3 and CK treatment;SC3 treatment could significantly reduce the chalkiness and chalky grain rate of Longjing 31 rice.The protein and amylose contents of Longjing 31 rice treated with EW2, EW3 and EC2 were significantly lower than those of CK.The brown rice rate, milled rice rate and head rice rate of Longjing 31 rice were significantly increased by SC1 treatment, and the taste score was the best.The weed control effects of SC1, SC2 and SC3 were better.【Conclusion】The application of 150.0 mL/ha 24% oxyfluorfen EC has the best effect on increasing the yield of Longjing 31 rice, but rice quality is poor.The application of 1800.0 mL/ha 25% benzobicyclon SC has a better effect on increasing the yield of Longjing 31 rice, and it can improve the panicle traits and rice quality.It has a higher control effect on weeds, and the comprehensive effect of pesticide application is the best. |
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