| 基于SRAP分子标记的油梨种质资源遗传多样性分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 甘霖,高乐,陈丽娜,何鹏.基于SRAP分子标记的油梨种质资源遗传多样性分析[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(7):1798-1805. |
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| 作者姓名： | 甘霖 高乐 陈丽娜 何鹏 |
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| 作者单位： | 1 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所, 海南儋州 571737;2 中国热带农业科学院广州实验站, 广州 510140 |
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| 基金项目： | 海南省自然科学基金项目（319QN324）；中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项（1630022018013） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】基于SRAP分子标记分析油梨种质资源的遗传多样性，为油梨种质资源新品种选育及创新利用提供理论依据。【方法】以50份油梨种质为材料，从184对SRAP引物组合中筛选出扩增条带清晰且多态性较好的引物组合，利用其对油梨种质材料进行PCR扩增，基于扩增结果，利用PopGene 1.32计算遗传多样性指数；利用NTSYS 2.1的UPGMA （非加权组平均法）计算遗传相似系数，并进行聚类分析。【结果】从184对SRAP引物组合中筛选出17对扩增条带清晰且多态性较好的引物，利用该17对引物对50份供试油梨种质材料进行PCR扩增，共扩增出322条条带，其中多态性条带有206个，平均每条引物扩增出12.12条，多态比率为63.75%。50份油梨种质材料的观测等位基因数（Na）为1.0844~1.4034，平均为1.2493；有效等位基因数（Ne）为1.0067~1.6028，平均为1.3390；Nei’s遗传多样性指数（H）为0.0642~0.1466，平均为0.1439；Shannon’s信息指数（I）为0.0634~0.1759，平均为0.1308。大岭2号与油梨种质4号的遗传一致度最高（0.9237），遗传相似系数最大（0.92），同时二者之间的遗传距离最小（0.1365），表明大岭2号与油梨种质4号种质间的亲缘关系最近。油梨种质5号与Fuerte间的遗传一致度相对最小（0.3765），且二者间的遗传距离最大（0.8253），说明油梨种质5号和Fuerte的亲缘关系相对最远。在遗传相似系数0.48处，50份油梨种质被分为四大类群，海南白沙油梨种质集中在第Ⅲ类群，海南儋州、广东湛江及广西南宁油梨种质在第Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅳ类群中均有分布，表明海南儋州、广东湛江及广西南宁油梨种质的遗传多样性均较丰富。【结论】海南儋州、广东湛江及广西南宁油梨种质的遗传多样性相对较丰富，可为油梨亲本选配和育种等方面的创新利用提供材料基础。
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| 关 键 词： | 油梨 SRAP 遗传多样性 群体结构 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-10-25 |
Genetic diversity analysis of avocado germplasm resources based on SRAP molecular markers |
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| GAN Lin,GAO Le,CHEN Li-na,HE Peng.Genetic diversity analysis of avocado germplasm resources based on SRAP molecular markers[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2021,52(7):1798-1805. |
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| Authors: | GAN Lin GAO Le CHEN Li-na HE Peng |
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| Affiliation: | 1 Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China;2 Guangzhou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Guangzhou 510140, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】 The genetic diversity of avocado germplasm resources was analyzed based on SRAP molecular markers, which provided a theoretical basis for the breeding and innovative utilization of new varieties of avocado germplasm resources.【Method】 Using 50 avocado germplasm as materials, 184 pairs of SRAP primer combinations with clear amplification bands and good polymorphism were selected. The genetic diversity index of avocado germplasm was calculated by PopGene 1.32 based on the amplification results. The genetic similarity coefficient was calculated by UPGMA(unweighted group average method) of NTSYS 2.1, and cluster analysis was carried out.【Result】 A total of 17 primer pairs with clear amplification and good polymorphism were selected from 184 pairsof SRAP primer combinations. A total of 322 bands were amplified by PCR from 50 tested avocado germplasm materials by the 17 primer pairs, of which 206 were polymorphic, with an average of 12.12 amplified by each primer, and the polymorphism rate was 63.75%. The observed allele number(Na) of 50 avocado germplasm materials was 1.0844-1.4034, with an average of 1.2493, effective number of alleles(Ne) was 1.0067-1.6028, with an average of 1.3390. Nei's genetic diversity index(H) was 0.0642-0.1466, with an average of 0.1439, Shannon's information index(I) was 0.0634-0.1759, with an average of 0.1308. Daling 2 and avocado germplasm 4 had the highest genetic consistency(0.9237), the highest genetic similarity coefficient(0.92), and the lowest genetic distance(0.1365), indicating that Daling 2 and avocado germplasm 4 had the closest genetic relationship. The genetic consistency between avocado germplasm 5 and Fuerte was the minimum(0.3765), and the genetic distance between them was the largest(0.8253), indicating that the genetic relationship between avocado germplasm 5 and Fuerte was the farthest. At the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.48, 50 avocado germplasm were divided into four groups.Avocado germplasm from Baisha, Hainan was concentrated in group Ⅲ, and avocado germplasm from Danzhou, Hainan, Zhanjiang, Guangdong and Nanning, Guangxi were distributed in groups I, Ⅱ and IV, indicating that avocado germplasm from Danzhou, Hainan, Zhanjiang, Guangdong and Nanning, Guangxi were rich in genetic diversity.【Conclusion】 The genetic diversity of avocado germplasms from Danzhou, Hainan, Zhanjiang, Guangdong and Nanning, Guangxi are more abundant than that from Baisha, which provided a theoretical basis for innovation in parents selection and breeding. |
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