| 硫酸铜对不同规格短须裂腹鱼苗的急性毒性研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 李天才,刘小帅,刘明昌,李亚松,曾如奎,杨东,邓龙君,甘维熊.硫酸铜对不同规格短须裂腹鱼苗的急性毒性研究[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(3):837-846. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李天才 刘小帅 刘明昌 李亚松 曾如奎 杨东 邓龙君 甘维熊 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 雅砻江流域水电开发有限公司, 成都 610000;2. 四川二滩实业发展有限责任公司, 成都 610000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（YHDCA-201795）；雅砻江流域水电开发有限公司自主研发项目（KY2019-23） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】明确短须裂腹鱼苗对硫酸铜的耐受性，为短须裂腹鱼苗培育过程中安全高效用药提供理论指导。【方法】在水温（7.3±0.3）℃、溶解氧7.9 mg/L、pH 7.8、CaCO3硬度41.2±0.7 mg/L、光照强度（12 h:12 h）100 lx、不充氧、不投喂的静态条件下，以1龄和2龄短须裂腹鱼苗为研究对象，配制不同浓度硫酸铜溶液模拟药浴过程，根据累计死亡率（概率单位）与硫酸铜浓度对数的线性关系、半致死浓度（LC50）、95%置信区间及安全浓度（SC）等指标评估短须裂腹鱼苗对硫酸铜的耐受性。【结果】1龄和2龄短须裂腹鱼苗在硫酸铜溶液中浸泡，其开始死亡时间与硫酸铜浓度对数均呈负相关线性关系，浸泡24和48 h的累计死亡率与硫酸铜浓度对数则呈正相关线性关系。1龄短须裂腹鱼苗在硫酸铜溶液中浸泡24、48 h的LC50分别为1.018和0.870 mg/L，对应的95%置信区间分别为0.944，1.092]mg/L和0.459，1.281]mg/L，SC为0.191 mg/L；2龄短须裂腹鱼苗在硫酸铜溶液中浸泡24、48 h的LC50分别为4.222和1.011 mg/L，对应的95%置信区间分别为3.775，4.670]mg/L和0.421，1.602]mg/L，SC为0.017 mg/L。采用常用浓度（7.143 mg/L）硫酸铜溶液进行药浴3 h，1龄和2龄短须裂腹鱼苗均未出现中毒或死亡现象，且在药浴后的3 d恢复期内也无异常。1龄和2龄短须裂腹鱼苗在常用浓度硫酸铜溶液中浸泡的累计死亡率曲线均呈斜置的波浪形，存在2个凸起，但中间无平台期；鱼苗死亡频数呈不对称M形分布，即符合二阶高斯分布。【结论】硫酸铜对1龄和2龄短须裂腹鱼苗的急性毒性至少可列为高毒农药，其中2龄鱼苗耐受性相对较高，但短须裂腹鱼苗对硫酸铜急性毒性耐受性较低，在实际生产中建议采用高浓度短时间药浴法。
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| 关 键 词： | 短须裂腹鱼苗 硫酸铜 急性毒性 半致死浓度 安全浓度 死亡频数 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-05-21 |
Acute toxicity of copper sulfate to the two specifications of Schizothorax wangchiachii fry |
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| LI Tian-cai,LIU Xiao-shuai,LIU Ming-chang,LI Ya-song,ZENG Ru-kui,YANG Dong,DENG Long-jun,GAN Wei-xiong.Acute toxicity of copper sulfate to the two specifications of Schizothorax wangchiachii fry[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2021,52(3):837-846. |
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| Authors: | LI Tian-cai LIU Xiao-shuai LIU Ming-chang LI Ya-song ZENG Ru-kui YANG Dong DENG Long-jun GAN Wei-xiong |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd., Chengdu 610000, China;2. Sichuan Ertan Industrial Development Corporation, Ltd., Chengdu 610000, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】To determine the resistance of Schizothorax wangchiachii fry to copper sulfate, and provide reference for safe and efficient medication in the breeding of S. wangchiachii fry.【Method】Under the conditions of water temperature of(7.3±0.3)℃, dissolved oxygen of 7.9 mg/L, pH 7.8, CaCO3 hardness of 41.2±0.7 mg/L, light(12 h:12 h) of 100 lx, no inflating, no feeding, one-year-old S. wangchiachii fry and ten two-year-old S. wangchiachii fry were materials. Prepared different concentrations of copper sulfate solution to simulate the drug bath process. The tolerance of the fry to copper sulfate was assessed based on the linear relationship of cumulative mortality(probability unit) and copper sulfate concentration logarithms, semi-lethal concentration(LC50), 95% confidence interval and safety concentration(SC).【Result】One-year-old S. wangchiachii fry and ten two-year-old S. wangchiachii fry were soaked in copper sulfate solution. The results showed that time of fry beginning of dying and the logarithm of the testing concentrations had a negative linear correlation, and there was positive linear correlation between the cumulative mortality rate at both 24 and 48 h and testing concentrations. LC50 of one-year-old S. wangchiachii fry soaked in copper sulfate solution for 24 and 48 h were 1.018 and 0.870 mg/L, 95% confidence intervals were0.944, 1.092]mg/L and0.459, 1.281]mg/L, SC was 0.191 mg/L. LC50 of two-year-old S. wangchiachii fry soaked in copper sulfate solution for 24 and 48 h were 4.222 and 1.011 mg/L, 95% confidence intervals were3.775, 4.670]mg/L and0.421, 1.602]mg/L, and SC was 0.017 mg/L. No poisoning or death occurred in one-year-old S. wangchiachii fry and ten two-year-old S. wangchiachii fry when soaked in common concentration(7.143 mg/L) of copper sulfate solution for 3 h, and no abnormal situation occurred 3 h post soaking. The cumulative mortality curve of one-year-old S. wangchiachii fry and ten two-year-old S. wangchiachii fry soaked in common concentration was oblique wavy with two bulges but no intermediate period. The death frequency of fry was M shape dis-tribution, which was second-order Gaussian distribution.【Conclusion】Acute toxicity of copper sulfate to one-year-old S. wangchiachii fry and two-year-old S. wangchiachii fry can be listed as highly pesticide, and the resistance of two-year-old S. wangchiachii fry is relatively high. But the resistance of S. wangchiachii fry to acute toxicity of copper sulfate is low. High concentration and short time medicine bath are suggested to prevent the disease of S. wangchiachii fry in actual production. |
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