| 基于表型性状的莴笋种质资源遗传多样性分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 李春,刘锦秀,刘小俊,杨楠,李跃建,房超,刘独臣,蔡鹏,梁根云.基于表型性状的莴笋种质资源遗传多样性分析[J].南方农业学报,2022,53(12):3318-3326. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李春 刘锦秀 刘小俊 杨楠 李跃建 房超 刘独臣 蔡鹏 梁根云 |
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| 作者单位： | 1 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所/蔬菜种质与品种创新四川省重点实验室 四川成都 610066;2 四川省蔬菜工程技术研究中心 四川成都 611934;3 炉霍县农牧农村和科技局 四川甘孜 626500 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目（CARS-23-G38）；国家现代农业产业技术体系四川蔬菜创新团队项目（川农函〔2019〕427号）；四川省蔬菜育种攻关项目（2021YFYZ0022）；四川省农业科学院1+9揭榜挂帅项目（1+9KJGG001） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】对四川省莴笋种质资源进行表型遗传多样性分析，为有效地保护和利用四川省地方莴笋种质资源提供理论参考。【方法】以四川不同地区收集的108份莴笋种质资源为供试材料，并对其17个主要表型性状进行遗传多样性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。【结果】 108份莴笋种质资源的不同表型性状表现出不同程度的多样性，8个质量性状的遗传多样性指数（H'）为0~1.10，其中，茎叶基部形状均为心胀形，茎叶附着方式均为无叶柄，故H'为0，肉质茎皮色的H'最高； 9个数量性状的H'为1.85~2.03，变异系数为0.07~0.24，H'最高的是肉质茎长，变异系数最高的是毛重。主成分分析提取的4个主成分累积贡献率达73.79%，包括12个表型性状。108份莴笋种质材料可划分为三大类群，其中，第Ⅰ类群主要是肉质茎大小和长度中等的资源；第Ⅱ类群肉质茎均较长，而且肉质茎较粗，单茎重较重，是具有高产特征的种质资源；第Ⅲ类群主要是节间较密的类型。【结论】四川省莴笋种质资源遗传多样性较高，但部分质量性状的遗传指数较低，需加强对现有种质资源的收集保护工作。开展莴笋种质资源评价和利用，有利于实现莴笋高产优质育种以及填补当前市场缺乏种类，其中第Ⅱ类群可用来选育高产品种，第Ⅲ类群可用来选育当前四川市场上缺乏的叶色紫色、叶形为长椭圆的种质资源。
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| 关 键 词： | 莴笋 种质资源 表型性状 遗传多样性分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-08-11 |
Genetic diversity analysis of germplasms based on phenotypic traits for Lactuca sativa var. angustata |
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| LI Chun,LIU Jin-xiu,LIU Xiao-jun,YANG Nan,LI Yue-jian,FANG Chao,LIU Du-chen,CAI Peng,LIANG Gen-yun.Genetic diversity analysis of germplasms based on phenotypic traits for Lactuca sativa var. angustata[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2022,53(12):3318-3326. |
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| Authors: | LI Chun LIU Jin-xiu LIU Xiao-jun YANG Nan LI Yue-jian FANG Chao LIU Du-chen CAI Peng LIANG Gen-yun |
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| Affiliation: | 1 Horticultural Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Variety Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066, China;2 Sichuan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Vegetables, Chengdu, Sichuan 611934, China;3 Luhuo Agriculture, Animal Husbandry, Rural and Science & Technology Bureau, Ganzi, Sichuan 626500, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】 The genetic diversity of the stem lettuce germplasms in Sichuan was identified by the phenotypic traits, in order to provide theoretical basis for effective protection and utilization of the stem lettuce germplasms in Sichuan.【Method】 In this study, 108 stem lettuce germplasms collected from different areas in Sichuan were carried out the analysis of the genetic diversity, principal component and cluster analysis using the 17 main phenotypic traits.【Result】 The results showed that the phenotypic traits of 108 stem lettuce germplasms displayed different degrees of diversity. The genetic diversity index(H') of 8 quality traits was from 0 to 1.10, the basal part shape of cauline was heart-shaped, and the attachment mode of cauline leaves was without petiole, so H' was 0, and the H' of skin color of enlarged stem was the highest. H' of 9 quantitative traits ranged from 1.85 to 2.03 and variation coefficient ranged from 0.07 to 0.24. H' of enlarged stem length and variation coefficient of gross weight were the highest. Four principal components were extracted and the cumulative contribution rate reached 73.79% including 12 phenotypic traits. The 108 stem lettuce germplasm resources were divided into three clusters, clusterⅠcontained germplasm resources for the medium enlarged stem length and diameter, cluster Ⅱ contained germplasm resources with long and thick enlarged stem and heavy weight, they were potential high-yield germplasms, and cluster Ⅲ contained germplasm resources with dense internodes.【Conclusion】 The stem lettuce germplasm resources in Sichuan have high level of genetic diversity but low genetic index of some quality traits, which indicates that collection and protection of the stem lettuce germplasms need to be strengthened. Evaluation and utilization of stem lettuce germplasm resources are helpful for high-yield breeding and filling up the types lack in Sichuan market. Cluster Ⅱ could be used to breed high-yield varieties, and cluster Ⅲ could be used to breed varieties with purple and oblong leaf which are lack in Sichuan market. |
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