| 美国荒野保护体系构建的时空特征及其管理经验与启示 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 吴亮,董草,苏晓毅,曾双贝,马山俊,庞磊.美国荒野保护体系构建的时空特征及其管理经验与启示[J].世界林业研究,2022,35(3):86-92. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 吴亮 董草 苏晓毅 曾双贝 马山俊 庞磊 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1.西南林业大学, 昆明 650224 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 云南省哲学社会科学规划项目“国土空间规划引领下的云南省自然保护地整合归并及其规划制度研究”（YB2020010）；云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目“云南省域自然公园空间格局及规划研究”（2022J1140）；普达措国家公园综合科学考察项目 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 我国自然保护体系重构的每一步进展都离不开对各级、各类自然保护地管控方式、方法与强度的探索，保护政策的有效落地更需要区分同一自然保护地内不同区域的管控措施。荒野，不管是作为单独的自然保护地还是作为某类自然保护地范围内的特殊区域，都是客观存在并急需采取保护措施的非常宝贵的资源区域。文中追溯了荒野思想的形成及其3大要义，分析了美国840处荒野保护地的时空分布特征和管理经验，发现美国《荒野法》颁布之后的30年间是法定荒野数量和面积增长的最鼎盛时期，法律和政策积极主导了荒野保护体系的构建与发展，政务公开、数据共享激活了全民保护意识，美国4大荒野主管机构有效管理并发动科研机构和社会团体开展荒野保护研究与实践。提出了3点启示:一是发展中国荒野保护思想并借鉴美国荒野管理经验；二是识别客观实在的荒野空间，研发不同尺度的荒野地图作为我国各级、各类保护地规划的底数和底图；三是应考虑将荒野保护作为子系统纳入我国自然保护地体系规划。
|
| 关 键 词： | 荒野 荒野法 空间分布特征 荒野保护体系 美国 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-01-07 |
Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Wilderness Reserve System in the United States and Its Management Experience and Enlightenment |
| |
| Affiliation: | 1.Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China2.College of Arts and Sciences Kunming, Kunming 650222, China3.Southwest Investigation and Planning Institute, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming 650224, China4.Yunnan Forestry Technological College, Kunming 650224, China |
| |
| Abstract: | Every step of China’s natural conservation system reconstruction is inseparable from the exploration of the management approaches, methods and intensity of various types of natural protected areas at different levels. The effective implementation of conservation policies requires more control measures to distinguish different areas within the same nature reserve. Wilderness is an extremely valuable resource area that exists objectively and needs to be protected, whether as a separate natural protected area or as a special area within a certain type of natural protected area. The article traces back the origin of the wilderness idea and its three main principles, and analyzes temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and the management experiences of 840 wilderness protected areas in the United States of America. It is found that the 30 years after the enactment of the Wilderness Act is the peak period of protected wilderness increase both in number and in area. Laws and policies have actively ensured the construction and development of wilderness protection system. Openness of government affairs and data sharing has aroused the public's awareness of wilderness protection. The four leading wilderness authorities in the United States have effectively managed wilderness areas and mobilized scientific institutions and communities to conduct wilderness conservation research and practice. The implications are proposed as follows: 1) Developing Chinese wilderness conservation ideas by learning from American wilderness management experience; 2) Identifying the objective and existing wilderness spaces, and developing wilderness maps of different scales as the base map of the planning for different types of protected areas at all levels in China; and 3) Wilderness conservation should be considered as a subsystem to be integrated into the planning of China’s natural protected area system. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
|
| 点击此处可从《世界林业研究》浏览原始摘要信息 |
|
点击此处可从《世界林业研究》下载全文 |
|
