| 长江中下游地区籼型超级稻品种分型及方法研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 戴力,黄凤林,赵杨,匡炜,方宝华.长江中下游地区籼型超级稻品种分型及方法研究[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(10):2671-2679. |
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| 作者姓名： | 戴力 黄凤林 赵杨 匡炜 方宝华 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖南省水稻研究所/农业农村部长江中下游籼稻遗传育种重点实验室, 长沙 410125 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0301502） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】研究长江中下游地区籼型超级稻品种穗粒分型指标和方法，为超级稻品种超高产稳产栽培技术精准配套及充分发挥超高产潜力提供科学支撑。【方法】以经过长江中下游地区国审或湖南、湖北、江西等省份审定的68个籼型超级稻品种为分型对象，通过与文献法、专家经验法的比较及不同来源数据间的比较，验证分类系数法分型结果的科学性。【结果】分类系数法将淦鑫203、盛泰优722等8个品种划分为多穗型或偏穗型品种，陆两优996和五优368等8个品种划分为穗粒兼顾型或穗粒均衡型品种，五丰优286和五丰优T025等52个品种划分为大穗型或偏粒型品种。在25个多次审定的品种中，分类系数法显示88.0%（22个）的品种不同年份和区域多次审定的分类结果相同，可较好地排除环境变异对品种分型的干扰，一定环境变异限度内能较稳定地呈现品种本身的穗粒遗传特性。与文献法相比，分类系数法弥补了其仅能区别划分大穗型品种而不能区分多穗型和穗粒兼顾型品种的不足，且分型结果可重复性更好。与专家经验法相比，分类系数法对穗、粒特征相近品种的归类聚合能力更强，分型结果的变异性或随机性更小、更合理准确，且更易被掌握和广泛推广应用。【结论】分类系数法对于长江中下游地区籼型超级稻品种的穗粒分型比现有方法更具优势，对于促进超级稻品种充分发挥高产潜力具有重要意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 超级稻 分类系数法 大穗型 多穗型 穗粒兼顾型 长江中下游地区 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-02-27 |
Types and methods of Indica super rice varieties in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River |
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| DAI Li,HUANG Feng-lin,ZHAO Yang,KUANG Wei,FANG Bao-hua.Types and methods of Indica super rice varieties in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2021,52(10):2671-2679. |
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| Authors: | DAI Li HUANG Feng-lin ZHAO Yang KUANG Wei FANG Bao-hua |
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| Affiliation: | Hunan Rice Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Indica Rice Genetics and Breeding in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changsha 410125, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】To provide scientific support for giving full play to super-high-yield potential of super-rice varieties through the precise matching of super-high-yield and stable-yield cultivation techniques, studied the panicle-grain typing indicators and methods of super rice varieties in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River.【Method】Taking 68 Indica type super rice varieties as the classification objects, which passed the national approval(in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River) or by Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, verified the scientificity of the classification results of the classification coefficient method, through the comparison with the literature classification method, the expert experience method and the comparison between data from different sources.【Result】The classification coefficient method divided 8 cultivars such as Ganxin 203 and Shengtaiyou 722 into multi-panicle or partial-panicle cultivars, and 8 cultivars such as Luliangyou 996 and Wuyou 368 were divided into panicle-grain balance type, 52 cultivars such as Wufengyou 286 and Wufengyou T025 were classified as large panicle or partial grain cultivars. Among the 25 varieties that have been approved for multiple times, the classification coefficient method showed that 88.0%(22) of the varieties had the same classification results in different years and regions. And that meaned the classification coefficient method could better eliminate the interference of environmental variation on variety typing, and within a certain environmental variation limit, the genetic characteristics of the variety itself could be displayed more stably. Compared with the previous literature, the classification coefficient method made up for its shortcomings that it could only distinguish panicle-large type varieties and could not distinguish paniclerich type and panicles-grains-balanced type varieties, and the classification results were more repeatable. Compared with the expert experience method, the classification coefficient method has stronger ability to classify and aggregate varieties with similar panicle and grain number characteristics, and the variability or randomness of the typing results was smaller, more reasonable and accurate, and easier to master and widely popularized.【Conclusion】The classification coefficient method is more advantageous than the existing methods for panicle-grain classification of indica super rice varieties in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and is of great significance to promote the full potential of super rice varieties to achieve high yield. |
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