| 有机液肥施用对纽荷尔脐橙幼树生长及其养分吸收的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 赖金平,姚锋先,徐丽红,刘桂东,周高峰,管冠,张永浩,陈蓉.有机液肥施用对纽荷尔脐橙幼树生长及其养分吸收的影响[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(10):2814-2823. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赖金平 姚锋先 徐丽红 刘桂东 周高峰 管冠 张永浩 陈蓉 |
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| 作者单位： | 赣南师范大学生命科学学院/国家脐橙工程技术研究中心, 江西赣州 341000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（31760606，32160763）；江西省重点研发计划项目（20181BBF60011）；赣州市科技创新人才计划项目（赣市科发〔2019〕60号） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】研究动植物源有机液肥单施或与化肥配施对纽荷尔脐橙幼树生长及养分吸收的影响，以期为丘陵山地脐橙园液态有机肥灌溉施用技术标准的研制及其推广应用提供技术支撑。【方法】进行大田试验，以2年生纽荷尔脐橙幼苗为试材，以（100%化肥氮）为对照（CK），设T1（100%动物源氮）、T2（100%植物源氮）、T3（50%动物源氮+50%化肥氮）和T4（50%植物源氮+50%化肥氮）处理，测定不同处理纽荷尔脐橙树体生长及养分吸收等指标，并进行主成分分析。【结果】与CK相比，动植物源有机液肥单施或与化肥配施（T1~T4处理）整体上均能促进纽荷尔脐橙幼树生物量积累。T4处理纽荷尔脐橙幼树接穗茎、砧木茎、根系干重和整株干重均高于其他处理，其中较CK分别显著增加62.42%、40.14%、42.08%和47.21%（P<0.05，下同）。在对纽荷尔脐橙幼树生长量影响方面，T1~T4处理主要影响幼树基径和春梢叶片叶绿素相对含量（SPAD值）；与CK相比，T1~T4处理均显著促进基径增大，增幅最高可达29.17%（T4处理）；除T2处理外，其他3个处理均显著促进春梢叶片SPAD值增加，其中T4处理作用最明显，增幅为9.19%。除T3处理外，其他3个处理均促进脐橙幼树春梢长和比叶重显著增加，其中T2处理作用最显著，较CK分别增加36.67%和12.10%。此外，T4处理显著促进幼树根总长和根总表面积的增加，但显著降低根平均直径，降幅为18.42%。T1~T4处理均在不同程度上影响脐橙幼树不同器官对氮磷钾元素的吸收。主成分分析结果表明，各施肥处理对脐橙幼树树体生长及其养分吸收综合评价得分排序为T4>T1>T3>T2>CK。【结论】动植物源有机液肥单施或与化肥配施均可促进纽荷尔脐橙幼树干物质量增加和树体生长，以50%植物源有机液肥+50%化肥（T4处理）对脐橙幼树生长及养分吸收效果最佳，可在赣南脐橙幼龄园液态有机肥灌溉施用系统中推广应用。
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| 关 键 词： | 纽荷尔脐橙 液态有机肥 生长 养分 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-07-21 |
Effects of liquid organic fertilizer on the growth and nutrient absorption of young Newhall navel orange trees |
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| LAI Jin-ping,YAO Feng-xian,XU Li-hong,LIU Gui-dong,ZHOU Gao-feng,GUAN Guan,ZHANG Yong-hao,CHEN Rong.Effects of liquid organic fertilizer on the growth and nutrient absorption of young Newhall navel orange trees[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2021,52(10):2814-2823. |
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| Authors: | LAI Jin-ping YAO Feng-xian XU Li-hong LIU Gui-dong ZHOU Gao-feng GUAN Guan ZHANG Yong-hao CHEN Rong |
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| Affiliation: | College of Life Science/National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】In order to provide technical support for the development and application of liquid organic fertilizer for irrigation of navel orange orchard in hilly areas, the effects of single application of animal and plant-based organic liquid fertilizer or combine with chemical fertilizer on growth and nutrient absorption of Newhall navel orange young trees was researched.【Method】Field experiment was carried out with two-year-old Newhall navel orange young trees and CK(100% chemical fertilizer nitrogen), T1(100% animal-based N), T2(100% plant-based nitrogen), T3(50% animal-based nitrogen+50% chemical fertilizer nitrogen) and T4(50% plant-based nitrogen+50% chemical fertilizer nitrogen) were set to measure the growth and nutrient absorption of Newhall navel orange trees under different treatments and principal component analysis was processed.【Result】Compared with CK, the biomass accumulation of Newhall navel orange saplings was promoted by applying organic liquid fertilizer from animal and plant sources alone or combined with chemical fertilizer(T1-T4 treatments). The dry weight and total dry weight of scion stem, rootstock stem, root system and whole plant of Newhall navel orange seedlings in T4 treatment were higher than those in other treatments, which significantly increased by 62.42%, 40.14%, 42.08% and 47.21% respectively compared with CK(P<0.05, the same below). For the growth of Newhall navel orange, T1-T4 mainly affected the basal diameter and chlorophyll relative content(SPAD value) of spring shoot leaves. Compared with CK, all treatments significantly promoted the increase of basal diameter, with the highest increase rate of 29.17%(T4 treatment). Except T2 treatment, other treatments significantly increased the SPAD value of spring shoot leaves, and T4 treatment had the most obvious effect, increase reached 9.19%. Except T3 treatment, other treatments significantly increased the spring shoot length and specific leaf weight of fruit trees, and T2 treatment was the most significant, increased by 36.67% and 12.10% respectively compared with CK. In addition, T4 treatment significantly increased the total root length and total root surface area of fruit trees, but significantly reduced the average root diameter by 18.42%. The absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in different organs of young navel orange trees was affected by the application of organic liquid fertilizer alone or combined with chemical fertilizer(T1-T4 treatments). The results of principal component analysis showed that the order of comprehensive evaluation scores of growth and nutrient absorption of navel orange saplings under different fertilization treatments was T4>T1>T3>T2>CK.【Conclusion】The application of liquid organic fertilizer from animal and plant sources alone or combined with chemical fertilizer can promote the growth of Newhall navel orange young trees. The results of principal component analysis shows that 50% plant-based nitrogen+50% chemical fertilizer nitrogen(T4 treatment) has the best effect on the growth and nutrient absorption of navel orange young trees and it can be popularized and applied in the irrigation and application system of liquid organic fertilizer in young navel orange garden in southern of Jiangxi. |
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