| 乡村振兴背景下农业工程学科的生态农业工程创新拓展 |
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| 引用本文： | 魏秀菊,朱明,廖艳.乡村振兴背景下农业工程学科的生态农业工程创新拓展[J].农业工程,2022,12(8):5-14. |
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| 作者姓名： | 魏秀菊 朱明 廖艳 |
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| 作者单位： | 农业农村部规划设计研究院战略研究室，中国农业工程学会，北京 100125 |
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| 基金项目： | 农业农村部规划设计研究院战略研究室课题（SC202106）；中国科技期刊卓越行动计划期刊（卓越计划-C-083，2019—2023，农业工程学科研究） |
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| 摘 要： | 我国实施乡村振兴战略，加之教育改革提出新工科、新农科建设理念，农业工程学科发展迎来重大机遇和挑战。为更好服务于乡村振兴，该文探索农业工程学科的拓展方向，寻求中国特色的学科内容创新。基于对世界农业工程学科前沿进展，以及我国农业农村发展阶段、特色和乡村振兴重大需求的分析，认为世界农业工程研究前沿为生物系统工程，但我国不能照搬国外农业工程学科的进阶模式，需在原有二级学科基础上拓展农业工程方向，包括生态农业工程、物理农业工程、生物系统工程等。该文提出生态农业工程概念与内涵，认为生态农业工程是农业工程的生态化发展，是农业工程与生态工程交叉学科，可作为农业工程的分支学科，符合新工科、新农科关于学科交叉融合发展理念。在我国乡村振兴背景下，拓展生态农业工程方向的必要性包括生态文明建设是乡村振兴的重要内容，突出的资源环境问题亟待发展生态农业工程，生态农业工程是乡村振兴的实现途径，以及乡村振兴呼唤生态农业工程几个方面。提出生态农业工程发展建议:发挥农业工程在乡村振兴中的系统作用，突出乡村振兴中农村建设工程领域，发挥农业工程学科对生态农业工程支撑作用，加强生态农业工程学科研究及人才培养等。农业工程的生态农业工程创新拓展符合中国当代乡村振兴的时代需求，将对我国农业工程学科建设、农业生产实践、农业农村现代化建设发挥重要的作用。
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| 关 键 词： | 乡村振兴 农业工程 生态农业工程 生态农业 生态工程 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-03-26 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022-08-10 |
Innovation and Expansion towards Ecological Agricultural Engineering in Agricultural Engineering Discipline under Background of Rural Revitalization |
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| Affiliation: | Agricultrual Engineering Strategic Research Department，Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering，Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs，Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering，Beijing 100125，China |
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| Abstract: | Currently China is implementing strategy of rural revitalization． In addition, it has put forward concept of New Engineering and New Agricultural Discipline construction in education reform． Therefore, development of agricultural engineering discipline has ushered in great opportunities and grand challenges． In order to better serve rural revitalization, expansion direction of agricultural engineering discipline was explored to seek innovation of discipline content with Chinese characteristics． Based on analysis of frontier progress of world agricultural engineering discipline, China's agricultural and rural development stage, characteristics and major needs of rural revitalization, it was considered that research frontier of world's agricultural engineering was biological system engineering, but China can't copy advanced model of foreign agricultural engineering disciplines． China needs to expand direction of agricultural engineering on basis of original secondary disciplines, including ecological agricultural engineering, physical agricultural engineering and biological system engineering, etc． Concept and connotation of ecological agricultural engineering was put forward． it was considered that ecological agricultural engineering was ecological development of agricultural engineering, it was an interdisciplinary subject of agricultural engineering and ecological engineering, and it could be regarded as a branch of agricultural engineering． It conformed to concept of interdisciplinary and integrated development of new engineering and new agricultural science． Under background of rural revitalization in China, it is also necessary to expand direction of ecological agricultural engineering, which is mainly manifested as follows: ecological civilization construction is an important part of rural revitalization, prominent resource and environment problems urgently need to develop ecological agricultural projects, ecological agricultural engineering is realizing way of rural revitalization and rural revitalization calls for ecological agricultural engineering． Suggestions for development of ecological agricultural engineering were proposed, which included giving play to systematic role of agricultural engineering in rural revitalization, highlighting field of rural construction projects in rural revitalization, giving full play to supporting role of agricultural engineering discipline in ecological agricultural engineering, and strengthening discipline research and personnel training of ecological agricultural engineering etc． Innovation and expansion of ecological agricultural engineering in agricultural engineering field met internal requirements of China's contemporary rural ecological revitalization, and it would play an important role in discipline construction of agricultural engineering, agricultural production practice, agricultural and rural modernization in China． |
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