| 高地芽胞杆菌ST15的筛选、鉴定及生防特性研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 苗成琪,赵延存,包艳,凌军,刘嘉钰,李朝辉,刘凤权.高地芽胞杆菌ST15的筛选、鉴定及生防特性研究[J].中国生物防治学报,2022,38(2):458-468. |
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| 作者姓名： | 苗成琪 赵延存 包艳 凌军 刘嘉钰 李朝辉 刘凤权 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所/省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地-江苏省食品安全重点实验室，南京 210014； 2. 南京农业大学植物保护学院，南京 210095 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金面上项目(32072379);省部共建重大自主研究项目(2021-SBGJ-ZZ-2) |
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| 摘 要： | 本研究从梨树根际土壤分离筛选到1株生防细菌ST15，其对水稻黄单胞菌Xanthomonas oryzae具有较强拮抗活性，拮抗圈直径1.50～3.97 cm。基于菌落菌体形态、生理生化特征、16S rDNA和gyrB基因序列，该菌株被鉴定为高地芽胞杆菌Bacillus altitudinis。ST15的无菌发酵滤液对水稻黄单胞菌也具有较强拮抗活性，其拮抗活性分别是1 mg/mL噻唑锌溶液的1.54～1.64倍和10 μg/mL噻霉酮溶液的1.32～1.52倍；同时，研究发现ST15产生的次生代谢抗菌物质对高温、蛋白酶、酸碱（pH 3.0～11.0）及紫外光处理均表现较好稳定性。另外，研究发现ST15可显著促进水稻根系生长（P＜0.01），对3种常用化学杀细菌剂耐受性较强。田间试验表明，每次喷施ST15生防菌剂15 L/hm2，连续施用两次，其对水稻细菌性条斑病的防效为（63.51±3.28）%，与化学药剂3%噻霉酮悬浮剂的防效相近。综上，高地芽胞杆菌ST15是一株新的生防资源，在防治水稻细菌性条斑病和白叶枯病上具有良好的应用开发前景。
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| 关 键 词： | 高地芽胞杆菌 水稻黄单胞菌 生物防治 促生 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-04-30 |
Screening,Identification and Biocontrol Potential of Bacillus altitudinis ST15 against Xanthomonas oryzae |
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| MIAO Chengqi,ZHAO Yancun,BAO Yan,LING Jun,LIU Jiayu,LI Chaohui,LIU Fengquan.Screening,Identification and Biocontrol Potential of Bacillus altitudinis ST15 against Xanthomonas oryzae[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Control,2022,38(2):458-468. |
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| Authors: | MIAO Chengqi ZHAO Yancun BAO Yan LING Jun LIU Jiayu LI Chaohui LIU Fengquan |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base，Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China; 2. College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China |
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| Abstract: | In this study, a bacterial isolate ST15 was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of pear trees, which has strong antagonistic activity against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) and X. oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc), and the antibacterial circle diameters were 1.50—3.97 cm. Based on the colonial and cellular morphology, physiological and biochemical characteristics, partial nucleotide sequences of 16S rDNA and gyrB gene, the isolate was identified as Bacillus altitudinis. The sterile filtrate of ST15 had strong antagonistic activity against Xoo and Xoc, and its antagonistic activity was 1.54—1.64 times that of 1 mg/mL zinc thiazole solution and 1.32—1.52 times that of 10 μg/mL benziothiazolinone solution, respectively. The secondary antibacterial substances of ST15 showed good stability to high temperature, protease, pH (3.0—11.0) and ultraviolet light treatment. In addition, ST15 can significantly promote the growth of rice roots (P＜0.01), and had strong tolerance to zinc thiazole, benziothiazolinone and trichloroisocyanuric acid which were the main chemical bactericides against rice bacterial leaf streak and bacterial leaf blight. Field test showed that when applied ST15 biocontrol agent twice continously at a dose of 15 L/hm2, the control efficacy against rice bacterial leaf streak was(63.51±3.28)%, which was equal to that of the chemical bactericide 3% benziothiazolinone suspension. To sum up, B. altitudinis ST15 is a promising biocontrol bacterium for the control of rice bacterial leaf streak and bacterial leaf blight. |
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| Keywords: | Bacillus altitudinis Xanthomonas oryzae biological control growth promotion |
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