| 贵州春马铃薯生物效应及土壤肥力对不同类型缓释肥的响应 |
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| 引用本文： | 张萌,马智黠,徐永康,张荣华,芶久兰,陈龙,周瑞荣,柳玲玲,何佳芳.贵州春马铃薯生物效应及土壤肥力对不同类型缓释肥的响应[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(5). |
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| 作者姓名： | 张萌 马智黠 徐永康 张荣华 芶久兰 陈龙 周瑞荣 柳玲玲 何佳芳 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 贵州省土壤肥料研究所, 贵阳 550006;农业部贵州耕地保育与农业环境科学观测实验站, 贵阳 550006;2. 威宁县山地特色农业科学研究院,贵州 威宁,553100 |
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| 基金项目： | 公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目,贵州省农业科学院院专项项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】研究不同缓释肥对贵州春马铃薯生物效应及土壤肥力的影响,为其轻简化栽培及"两减"、"三节"综合技术集成提供参考。【方法】通过田间试验,选择7个类型的缓释肥与普通复合肥进行对比,在相同肥料用量(N 240kg/ha、P_2O_5120 kg/ha、K_2O 270 kg/ha)条件下研究不同类型缓释肥对贵州春马铃薯产量、结薯性状及土壤肥力状况的影响。【结果】与施普通复合肥(对照)相比,金正大、诺泰克、洋丰和施可丰缓释肥均能显著提高春马铃薯产量(P0.05,下同),增幅为19.1%~24.6%;与对照相比,施缓释肥处理的单株产量和大中薯率分别提高2.6%~73.1%和6.6%~15.1%,以金正大缓释肥效果最佳;而西洋、沃夫特和骅龙缓释肥处理的产量出现显著降低。与对照相比,施用缓释肥处理的春马铃薯耕层土壤pH、有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全钾和速效钾分别提高3.8%~7.5%、27.1%~59.1%、14.3%~33.3%、8.7%~47.8%、7.0%~26.3%和8.8%~42.1%,而土壤全磷和速效磷含量分别降低7.1%~21.4%和35.6%~58.0%。【结论】缓释肥在提高贵州春马铃薯产量、改善土壤肥力状况等方面效果明显,但不同缓释肥的作用效果存在差异。综合来看,以金正大、诺泰克、洋丰和施可丰缓释肥的增产效果最佳,可适当在该地区进行示范推广。
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| 关 键 词： | 马铃薯 缓释肥 产量 结薯性状 土壤肥力 |
Responses of biological effects and soil fertility to different slow release fertilizers for spring potato in Guizhou |
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| ZHANG Meng,MA Zhi-xia,XU Yong-kang,ZHANG Rong-hua,GOU Jiu-lan,CHEN Long,ZHOU Rui-rong,LIU Ling-ling,HE Jia-fang.Responses of biological effects and soil fertility to different slow release fertilizers for spring potato in Guizhou[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2017,48(5). |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Meng MA Zhi-xia XU Yong-kang ZHANG Rong-hua GOU Jiu-lan CHEN Long ZHOU Rui-rong LIU Ling-ling HE Jia-fang |
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| Abstract: | Objective]The present experiment was conducted to study the effects of different slow-release fertilizers on biological effect and soil fertility for spring potato in Guizhou, which provided reference for the simplified cultivation, "re-duce the application of fertilizer and pesticide" and "save water, fertilizer and pesticide" comprehensive technology inte-gration of spring potato in Guizhou. Method]In the field test, seven different slow release fertilizers and common compound fertilizers were used. The effects of different slow release fertilizers on yield, tuber traits and soil fertility in the same amount of fertilizer(N 240 kg/ha, P2O5120 kg/ha and K2O 270 kg/ha) were studied. Result]Compared with control, the slow re-lease fertilizers Jinzhengda, Nuotaike, Yangfeng and Shikefeng could significantly increase the yield of spring potato by 19.1%-24.6%(P<0.05, the same below). Compared with control, in slow release fertilizer treatments, tuber yield per plant increased by 2.6%-73.1% and the large and medium-sized tuber percentage increased by 6.6%-15.1%. The effects of Jinzhengda were the best. While slow release fertilizers Xiyang, Wofute and Hualong decreased the yield significantly. Compared with the control, application of slow release fertilizer could increase the soil pH(3.8%-7.5%), organic matter (27.1%-59.1%), total nitrogen(14.3%-33.3%), alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen(8.7%-47.8%), total potassium(7.0%-26.3%) and available potassium(8.8%-42.1%). But total phosphorus and available phosphorus content decreased by 7.1%-21.4%and 35.6%-58.0%respectively. Conclusion]Slow release fertilizers can increase the yield of spring potato and improve soil fertility obviously. But the effects of different slow release fertilizers are various. Overall, slow release fertilizers Jinzhengda, Nuotaike, Yangfeng and Shikefeng have the optimal yield increasement, and can be promoted in local area. |
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| Keywords: | potato slow release fertilizer yield tuber trait soil fertility |
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