| 种植密度和施肥量对南麦618农艺性状、叶绿素含量及产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 蒋进,王淑荣,张连全,冯晓,左娟,刘利.种植密度和施肥量对南麦618农艺性状、叶绿素含量及产量的影响[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(3). |
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| 作者姓名： | 蒋进 王淑荣 张连全 冯晓 左娟 刘利 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 南充市农业科学院,四川 南充,637000;2. 四川农业大学 小麦研究所,成都,611130;3. 南充市种子管理站,四川 南充,637000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项项目，四川省南充市科技计划项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】探讨小麦品种南麦618在四川东北部丘陵地区的最佳种植密度和施肥量,为科学制定其高产高效栽培技术提供参考依据。【方法】采用2因素3水平完全随机区组设计,种植密度3个水平分别为2.18×10~6株/ha(A1)、2.48×10~6株/ha(A2)和2.78×10~6株/ha(A3),施肥量3个水平分别为N 33.0 kg/ha+P 25.7 kg/ha(B1)、N 66.0 kg/ha+P 51.3 kg/ha(B2)和N 99.0 kg/ha+P 77.0 kg/ha(B3)。生育期内分别测定南麦618的相关农艺性状、旗叶叶绿素含量和单茎绿叶面积,成熟时各小区单独收获计算产量。【结果】随着种植密度加大,南麦618的单位面积有效穗数增加,成穗率下降,穗粒数和千粒重呈不同程度的下降趋势,穗长变短,产量、收获指数呈上升趋势,旗叶叶绿素含量降低,单茎绿叶面积减小。随着施肥量的增加,南麦618的单位面积有效穗数增加,成穗率下降,穗粒数和千粒重呈不同程度的上升趋势,穗长变长,产量、收获指数呈上升趋势,旗叶叶绿素含量升高,单茎绿叶面积增大。种植密度和施肥量的交互作用对穗粒数和产量有极显著影响(P0.01),有效穗数与产量显著相关(P0.05)。综合分析,A2B3处理的农艺性状最优,光合性能最佳,产量最高(5.49×10~3 kg/ha)。【结论】在川东北丘陵区种植南麦618时,种植密度以2.48×10~6株/ha、施肥量以N99.0 kg/ha+P 77.0 kg/ha为宜。
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| 关 键 词： | 种植密度 施肥量 南麦618 农艺性状 叶绿素含量 叶面积 产量 |
Effects of planting density and fertilizer application rate on agronomic traits,chlorophyll content,leaf area and yield of wheat Nanmai 618 |
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| JIANG Jin,WANG Shu-rong,ZHANG Lian-quan,FENG Xiao,ZUO Juan,LIU Li.Effects of planting density and fertilizer application rate on agronomic traits,chlorophyll content,leaf area and yield of wheat Nanmai 618[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2017,48(3). |
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| Authors: | JIANG Jin WANG Shu-rong ZHANG Lian-quan FENG Xiao ZUO Juan LIU Li |
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| Abstract: | Objective]The present study explored the optimal planting density and fertilizer application rate for wheat Nanmai 618 in northeast hilly area of Sichuan province,in order to provide reference for formulation of high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation techniques. Method]The experiment was conducted by using a randomized complete block design with two factors and three levels. Three levels of planting density were: 2.18×106 plant/ha(A1),2.48×106 plant/ha(A2), 2.78×106 plants/ha(A3),three levels of fertilizer application rate were: N 33.0 kg/ha+P 25.7 kg/ha(B1),N 66.0 kg/ha+P 51.3 kg/ha(B2),N 99.0 kg/ha+P 77.0 kg/ha(B3). Related agronomic traits,flag leaf chlorophyll content,leaf area per stem were measured during growing period. Yield of each block was measured seperately at harvest period. Result]As planting density increased,effective spike per unit area increased,spike rate declined, grain number per spike and 1000 -grain weight decreased to different extent,spike length shortened,yield and harvest index rose, flag leaf chlorophyll content de-creased and leaf area per stem shrank. When fertilization application rate rose, effective spike per unit area increased, spike rate declined, grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight increased to different extent,spike length lengthened, yield and harvest index rose, flag leaf chlorophyll content and leaf area per stem increased. The interaction between plan-ting density and fertilizer application rate had significant effects on effective spike and yield(P<0.01),and effective spike had significant correlation with yield(P<0.05). Based on comprehensive analysis, wheat Nanmai 618 in A2B3 treatment had optimal agronomic traits and photosynthetic properties, and highest yield(5.49×103 kg/ha). Conclusion]Under the experimental conditions in this study,fertilizer application rate of N 99.0 kg/ha+P 77.0 kg/ha and planting density of 2.48× 106 plants/ha is recommended for cultivation of wheat Nanmai 618 in northeast hilly areas of Sichuan. |
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| Keywords: | planting density fertilizer application rate Nanmai 618 agronomic trait chlorophyll content leaf area yield |
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