| 长叶竹柏次生代谢产物及其抗细菌活性 |
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| 引用本文： | 伍慧雄,秦楷,张伟豪,罗元嘉,孙朝辉,王军,单体江.长叶竹柏次生代谢产物及其抗细菌活性[J].南方农业学报,2016(11):1867-1874. |
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| 作者姓名： | 伍慧雄 秦楷 张伟豪 罗元嘉 孙朝辉 王军 单体江 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 华南农业大学 林学与风景园林学院/广东省森林植物种质创新与利用重点实验室,广州,510642;2. 华南农业大学 材料与能源学院,广州,510642 |
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| 基金项目： | 广东省普通高校青年创新人才项目(2014KQNCX034)；广东省林业科技创新项目(2015KJCH043) |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】分析和鉴定长叶竹柏叶片和枝条挥发油的化学组成,测定长叶竹柏叶片和枝条挥发油及其甲醇提取物对7种供试细菌的抑制活性,为长叶竹柏资源的开发利用提供参考。【方法】采用水蒸气蒸馏法分别提取长叶竹柏叶片和枝条的挥发油,通过气相色谱—质谱联用仪(GC-MS)对提取得到的挥发油进行化学成分分析,采用峰面积归一化法测定各化学成分的相对百分含量,并以抑菌圈法和薄层层析—生物自显影法分别测定长叶竹柏枝叶挥发油和甲醇提取物对供试细菌的抑制活性。【结果】长叶竹柏叶片和枝条挥发油的得率分别为0.104%和0.078%。从长叶竹柏叶片挥发油中鉴定出45种成分,占挥发性成分总量的92.63%,主要成分为(1R)-α-蒎烯(34.50%)、大根香叶烯B(22.82%)、大根香叶烯D(5.46%)、绿花烯(4.74%)和α-古芸烯(3.15%);从长叶竹柏枝条挥发油中鉴定出44种成分,占挥发性成分总量的95.51%,主要成分为(1R)-α-蒎烯(43.86%)、δ-杜松烯(7.93%)、1-石竹烯(4.92%)、(3a S,3b R,4S,7R,7a R)-7-methyl-3-methylidene-4-(propan-2-yl)octahydro-1H-cyclopenta1,3]cyclopropa1,2]benzene(4.91%)、2-isopropyl-5-methyl-9-methylene4.4.0]dec-1-ene(3.72%)、古巴烯(3.68%)、γ-杜松烯(3.60%)和蒜头环烯(3.04%)。长叶竹柏叶片和枝条挥发油对供试细菌表现出一定的抑制活性,但差异不明显;长叶竹柏叶片挥发油对根癌土壤杆菌的抑制活性最强,抑菌圈直径为9.0±0.0 mm,而枝条挥发油对溶血葡萄球菌和黄瓜角斑病菌的抑制活性最强,抑菌圈直径均为8.3±0.6 mm。除桉树青枯病菌外,长叶竹柏叶片和枝条甲醇提取物对其余6种供试细菌均表现出较好的抑制活性,其中叶片甲醇提取物对供试细菌的抑制活性强于枝条。【结论】长叶竹柏叶片和枝条中的抗菌活性物质主要为非挥发性的物质,可作为天然抗菌活性物质资源开发利用。
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| 关 键 词： | 长叶竹柏 挥发油 化学成分 GC-MS 抗菌活性 |
Secondary metabolites from leaves and branches of Podocarpus fleuryi Hickel and their antibacterial activities |
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| Abstract: | Objective]The present study was conducted to analyze and identify the chemical composition of the volatile oils extracted in leaves and branches of Podocarpus fleuryi Hickel. The antibacterial activities of the volatile oils and methanol extracts were tested against seven different bacteria. This study would provide the potential foundation for the development and utilization of P. fleuryi resources. Method]The volatile oils were extracted by hydro-distillation from leaves and branches of P. fleuryi and the chemical compositions of the essential oil were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). The relative percentages of different chemical components were measured by peak area nor-malization. Inhibition zone method and TLC-MTT-bioautography were used to detect the inhibitory activities of volatile oils extracted from leaves and branches of P. fleuryi and methanol extracts against the tested bacteria. Result]The yields of volatile oils in leaves and branches were 0.104% and 0.078%, respectively. Forty-five components were identified from the volatile oils in leaves, accounting for 92.63% of total volatile components. The major constituents included(1R)-α-pinene (34.50%), germacrene B (22.82%), germacrene D (5.46%), viridiflorene (4.74%) and α-gurjunene (3.15%). Forty-four components were identified from the volatile oils in branches, accounting for 95.51% of total volatile compo-nents. The major constituents included (1R)-α-pinene (43.86%), δ-cadinene (7.93%), l-caryophyllene (4.92%), (3aS,3bR,4S,7R,7aR)-7-methyl-3-methylidene-4-(propan-2-yl)octahydro-1H-cyclopenta1,3]cyclopropa1,2]ben-zene (4.91%), 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-9-methylene4.4.0]dec-1-ene (3.72%), copaene (3.68%), γ-cadinene (3.60%) and cyclosativene(3.04%). The volatile oils in leaves and branches showed certain inhibitory activities to the tested bacte-ria, but the differences were not obvious. The volatile oil in leaves showed the strongest inhibitory activity against A-grobacterium tumefaciens and the inhibition zone diameter was 9.0 ±0.0 mm. While the branches volatile oil showed strongest inhibitory activities against Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Pseudomonas syringae, and inhibition zone diame-ters were both 8.3 ±0.6 mm. The methanol extracts from the leaves and branches showed sound inhibitory activity to the tested bacteria except for Ralstonia solanacearum, and the inhibitory activities of methanol extracts from leaves was stronger than that of methanol extracts from branches. Conclusion]The antibacterial substances in leaves and branches of P. fleuryi Hickel are mainly non-volatile substances, and can be developed as natural antibacterial substance resources. |
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| Keywords: | Podocarpus fleuryi Hickel volatile oil chemical constituent GC-MS antibacterial activity |
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