| 海南岛海尾湾浮游植物群落结构及水质的调查 |
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| 引用本文： | 李亚军,王先明,程贤松,魏盟智,李江月,朱为菊,邓晓东.海南岛海尾湾浮游植物群落结构及水质的调查[J].热带生物学报,2020,11(3):257-265. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李亚军 王先明 程贤松 魏盟智 李江月 朱为菊 邓晓东 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国热带农业科学院 热带生物技术研究所/海南省海洋生物资源功能性成分研究与利用重点实验室，海口 571101 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国热带农业科学院生物技术研究基本业务费;农业农村部财政专项 |
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| 摘 要： | 于2018年7月和9月，对海南岛海尾湾近岸海域网采浮游植物的种类、群落结构、优势种种类、多样性特征和水质进行调查。本研究共设12个调查站位，进行了夏秋2个航次的调查。调查结果表明:夏秋两季分别鉴定出浮游植物3门119种和114种，其中硅藻类占多数。夏秋两季中浮游植物的优势种分别为7种和10种，其中旋链角毛藻、角毛藻属和尖刺拟菱形藻在夏秋两季均为优势种。夏季时浮游植物平均细胞密度为6.15×106 个·m?3，夏季的平均细胞密度比秋季的约高10倍。夏秋两季的浮游植物丰富度指数分别为5.3和5.52，差异不大；秋季的多样性指数（4.19）和均匀度指数（0.76）均高于夏季的多样性指数（3.27）和均匀度指数（0.56）。调查后冗余分析结果表明，海尾湾海域生态环境优良，海尾湾夏季浮游植物与活性硅酸盐、总氮呈显著正相关，与亚硝酸盐呈显著负相关；秋季影响浮游植物的主要环境因子是pH值，说明海尾湾浮游植物主要受硅、氮元素以及海水pH值的影响。结果表明，海尾湾浮游植物群落结构与水体营养盐密切相关，应加强海尾湾陆源污水的排放管理，保护好海尾湾的近海环境。
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| 关 键 词： | 海尾湾 浮游植物 群落结构 优势种 冗余分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-04-29 |
A Survey of Phytoplankton Community Structure and Seawater Quality in the Seawaters near Haiwei Bay,Hainan Province |
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| Affiliation: | The Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/ Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Functional Components of Marine Bioresources, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China |
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| Abstract: | Haiwei Bay is one of the important fishing ports in Hainan Province. Phytoplanton and sea water were sampled in 12 sampling stations in the seawaters near Haiwei Bay in July (summer) and September (autumn), 2018 to analyze the structure of phytoplankton community and the quality of seawater which had important effects on fishery resources. The results showed that there were a total number of 119 species of phytoplankton identified in July, and a total number of 114 species identified in September, in which diatoms and dinoflagellates were predominant in the species composition and the cell abundance. There were 7 and 10 dominant species in July and September, respectively. Interestingly, Chaetoceros curvisetus, Chaetoceros sp and Pseudo-nitzschia pungens were dominant both in July and September. The average cell density was 6.15×106 cells·m?3 in July, which was 10 times more than that in September. The seawaters in Haiwei Bay was rich in phytoplankton species. The average Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index and Margalef diversity index were 5.3, 3.27, 0.56 in July, respectively, and 5.52, 4.19, 0.76 in September, respectively. All these indexes showed that the ecological environment in the seawaters was good. The redundancy analysis showed that the phytoplankton were positively significantly correlated with reactive silicate and total nitrogen, and negatively significantly with nitrite in July, while the main factor affecting the phytoplankton was pH in September, indicating that the main environmental factors for phytoplankton were silicate, total nitrogen and pH in the seawaters. The results showed the structure of phytoplankton community in Haiwei Bay was closely correlated with the seawater nutrients. |
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