共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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为进一步推广应用葡萄藤枝叶作为粗饲料用于育肥羊的饲喂,逐步解决农区养畜饲料匮乏问题,第五师八十三团天丰牧业发展有限公司于2017年5月15日至7月14日开发废弃的葡萄藤枝叶资源,加工调制后作为粗饲料的一部分用于育肥羊全混合日粮中,对60只6月龄左右育肥羊进行60 d的饲养试验。在全混合日粮中添加40%的葡萄藤枝叶,取得了育肥羊平均日增重达300 g以上的效果,进一步说明葡萄藤枝叶能够作为部分饲料资源进行应用。 相似文献
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为了查明蒿秆—浓缩饲料对后备母牛的生长发育及对头胎母牛乳产量的影响,我们用75头基本相似的5月龄红色草原品种母牛,分成5组(每组15头),进行了608天的试验。试验Ⅰ组(对照组)喂给试验所在农场现行标准日粮,其绿色和多汁饲料为了3.2%,蒿秆为8.5%,浓缩饲料为18.31%。2、3、4、5试验组日粮中绿色和多汁饲料分别为73.6、66.3、58.4和58.4%,蒿秆浓缩颗粒饲料分别为3.0、2.0、2.0和2.1%。给试验2、3、4组犊牛饲喂的颗粒饲料中750%为冬小麦秸秆,25%为燕麦粉和未加工的蒿秆,而试验5组犊牛获得的颗粒饲料组成相同,但在试验前用40%苛性钠对蒿秆进行了处理。日粮具有同等的营养水平,保证平均日增重为400～500克。 相似文献
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籽粒苋秆粉饲喂鹅效果的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本试验采用单因子试验设计 ,以吉林农业大学白鹅为试验动物 ,研究了籽粒苋秆粉与常规玉米秸粉对鹅生长性能的影响。试验结果表明 :适量添加籽粒苋秆粉有助于提高鹅的生长性能。在 3～ 6周龄日粮中粗纤维含量在 5 % ,7～ 9周龄日粮中粗纤维含量在 7%时可提高鹅的日增重 ,籽粒苋秆粉对鹅增重的效果显著 ,全期体重比对照组增加了 8 44%。 相似文献
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敦煌市是全国优质葡萄生产基地之一，在生产鲜食葡萄的同时会产生大量较高营养价值的葡萄藤枝叶，但目前葡萄藤枝叶未能作为发展畜牧业的优质饲草料资源得到大量开发利用。本文对敦煌市葡萄藤枝叶饲料化利用现状进行概述，分析当前葡萄藤枝叶饲料化利用中存在的问题，并提出相应建议，旨在提高葡萄藤枝叶饲料化利用率，将其变成牛羊喜食的高营养饲草料，提高养殖效益、增加农民收入，促进敦煌市畜牧业可持续发展。 相似文献
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农作物秸秆在奶牛饲料中的限制因素与技术措施 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
蒋卫平 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2009,39(5):53-54
农作物枯秆是廉价的饲料资源,我国农作物秸杆年产量约7亿t,青海省年产量约154万t,其中东部农业区年产作物枯秆约在70万t以上,农作物秸秆中约有65%～80%的干物质可为草食家畜提供能量。但用作动物饲料的不足20%,大部分用作燃料或在田间焚烧,不仅造成了资源浪费,且严重地污染了环境。 相似文献
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对30份苏丹草(Sorghum sudanense)种质资源的19个性状进行了遗传多样性、主成分与聚类分析。结果表明,19个性状在不同材料之间表现出了不同程度的多样性,千粒重的广义遗传力最高,为90.93%,穗一级枝梗长、穗粒重、茎粗等7个性状的广义遗传力在40%~70%,其他的性状广义遗传力相对较低,都在30%以下;主成分分析表明,前3个主成分对变异的累计贡献率为84.32%,第1主成分反映产量,第2主成分反映生育期,第3主成分反映叶型;聚类分析将其划分为四大类群,类群Ⅰ为早熟、矮秆、细叶、短穗松散、多分蘖型,类群Ⅱ为晚熟、高秆、宽叶、短穗紧密、多分蘖型,类群Ⅲ为适熟、中秆、宽叶、长穗松散、中等分蘖型,类群Ⅳ为晚熟、高秆、宽叶、长穗松散、少分蘖型。 相似文献
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《中国畜牧杂志》2019,(12)
本试验旨在研究不同饲粮类型对育肥湖羊肌肉脂肪酸和氨基酸组成的影响。选用90只体重为(24.65±2.80)kg的90日龄健康公湖羊,随机分为3组,分别饲喂传统精粗饲粮+舔砖(CK组)、全混合饲粮(TMR组)、粗料+精料颗粒料(CP组),每组3个重复,每个重复10只羊。预试期10 d,正试期120 d。结果表明:饲粮类型对育肥湖羊血清和肝脏的总超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶活性和丙二醛含量以及总抗氧化能力均无显著影响;与CK组相比,TMR组育肥湖羊背最长肌中棕榈酸和总的饱和脂肪酸的比例分别降低了10.77%和9.18%(P<0.05),但CK与CP组差异不显著;TMR组油酸和总的单不饱和脂肪酸的比例较CK组分别升高了4.78%和4.71%(P<0.05),但CK与CP组差异不显著;与CK组相比,TMR组湖羊肌肉中异亮氨酸和必需氨基酸含量分别上升了10.34%和4.45%(P<0.05);TMR组非必需氨基酸和总氨基酸含量较CK组分别升高了2.33%和3.42%(P<0.05),但CK与CP组差异不显著。上述结果提示,与传统精粗饲粮相比,TMR可显著增加育肥湖羊肌肉中不饱和脂肪酸和必需氨基酸含量,降低饱和脂肪酸比例,改善肉品质,提升羊肉的营养食用价值。 相似文献
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全混合日粮（TMR）饲喂技术是近年来我国规模化、集约化奶牛养殖谈论比较多的话题,而在肉羊生产上关注程度还不够高。论文介绍了TMR的概念,结合我国养羊业发展形势指出了使用TMR饲喂技术的必要性,并对TMR在肉羊生产中的应用进行了论述,提出TMR饲喂技术是肉羊集约化养殖的必然趋势。 相似文献
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为了探讨肉羊全混日粮配方最优配比,试验参照肉羊育肥饲料营养标准,以苜蓿、番茄皮渣等粗饲料及肉羊精料补充料为原料,按照不同配比组合设计八种全混日粮配方,利用体外发酵研究方法,对八种全混日粮羊瘤胃内总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸的浓度及日粮组合效应进行了研究。结果表明:日粮中添加番茄皮渣可显著提高乙酸、丙酸、丁酸和TVFA的浓度,且乙酸/丙酸趋于平缓,有利于肉羊对营养的吸收;添加番茄皮渣的组合B2、D1的VFA浓度最大,未添加番茄皮渣的组合A1、C1的VFA浓度最大,为最佳配比。研究表明:小麦秸、玉米秸都不利于肉羊营养的吸收,相较于小麦秸,玉米秸易被肉羊消化吸收;番茄皮渣可提高肉羊对日粮的吸收利用率,利于肉羊育肥。 相似文献
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Bulang M Kluth H Engelhard T Spilke J Rodehutscord M 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2006,90(3-4):89-102
Studies on the use of lucerne silage as a forage source for high-yielding dairy cows. It was the main objective of this study to investigate effects of lucerne silage inclusion in maize silage-based rations on dry matter intake, milk yield and metabolic parameters of high yielding dairy cows. Three total mixed rations (TMR) were used. They contained as the main forage source on a dry matter basis 41.5% maize silage and 12% grass silage (ration maize) or 18% maize silage and 29% of either grass silage (ration grass) or lucerne silage (ration lucerne). Organic matter digestibility, determined with wether sheep, was 77 and 65% for the grass and the lucerne silage, respectively. Each TMR was fed to 4 wether sheep to determine crude nutrient digestibilities. The content of net energy for lactation (NEL), as calculated from digestible crude nutrients, was (MJ/kg dry matter (DM)): 7.1 (maize), 7.2 (grass) and 6.8 (lucerne). Based on the results of a chemical fractionation of crude protein it was calculated that the content of utilisable crude protein (nXP) was not below 167 g/kg DM and that the N balance in the rumen was not negative for all 3 TMR. The TMR were fed for 169 days to at least 28 dairy cows per treatment which were in their first half of lactation. Feed intake, milk performance data and physiological indicators were measured for each individual cow. The DM intake was significantly higher in treatment lucerne (23.2 kg/d) than in treatments grass (21.2 kg/d) and maize (22.6 kg/d). Daily intakes of NEL and nXP were significantly lower in treatment grass than in the other two treatments. Milk yield was significantly higher in treatment maize (41.7 kg/d) than in treatments grass (37.3 kg/d) and lucerne (38.5 kg/d). This was associated with a significantly lower milk fat content in treatment maize (3.5%) in comparison with the other two treatments (3.9% each). Milk protein content was unaffected by treatment (3.4% on average). Similarly, the acetone content of milk was not significantly different between treatments. The beta-hydroxybutyrate content of the deproteinized blood was significantly higher in treatment lucerne at start of lactation, but this difference disappeared in subsequent parts of the experimental period. Measurements of back fat thickness indicated mobilisation and retention of energy by cows during the experimental period to be similar in all treatments. It is concluded that lucerne silage is a suitable forage source for high yielding dairy cows in spite of its low digestibility. 相似文献
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《The Professional Animal Scientist》2002,18(3):237-246
This study was undertaken to evaluate the acceptability, growth performance, and diet digestibility of feed mixtures containing food wastes that were further heat processed for growing-finishing lambs. The first experiment consisted of two feeding trials in which 36 lambs in each trial were fed 1) total mixed rations (TMR) containing extruded feed mixtures that were amended with pulped plate waste (PW) collected from university dining centers or 2) control TMR containing corn, soybean meal, and ground hay in Trial 1 (T1) or soybean hulls in Trial 2 (T2). On a DM basis, the treatment TMR in T1 contained 23.9% PW, and the treatment TMR in T2 contained 24.1% PW. The PW used in this study contained 37.5 ± 9.4% DM, 33.0 ± 8.2% CP, 14.7 ± 5.5% ether extract (EE), and 12.6 ± 5.2% ADF. During T1, lambs fed the control TMR (compared with lambs fed PW) had greater (P<0.05) ADG (299.6 ± 36.3 vs 259.0 ± 54.5 g), less (P<0.05) ADFI (811.1 ± 64.0 vs 2,113.6 ± 748.6 g), and greater (P<0.05) gain:feed (0.37:1 vs 0.24:1 g). During T2, no differences between the control lambs and lambs fed PW were observed in terms of ADG (mean = 231.6 ± 40.9 g), ADFI (mean = 1,766.1 ± 168.0 g), and gain:feed (mean = 0.12:1 g). The second experiment consisted of three digestibility trials (T3, T4, and T5). In T3, 24 wethers were fed an extruded mixture (EF) containing soybean hulls, rolled shelled corn, and 24.5% pulped PW (DM basis). In T4, 28 wethers were fed a dehydrated mixture (DF) containing wheat middlings and ground food waste originating from retail groceries in a 75:25 (DM basis). In T5, 28 wethers were fed an extruded mixture (EFM) containing soybean hulls, rolled corn, and 42.3% pulped PW (DM basis). Apparent DE of EF was determined to be 3.22 ± 1.50 Mcal/kg. Apparent digestibility coefficients of EF were 54.50 ± 2.68% DM, 42.60 ± 4.39% ADF, 60.30 ± 15.68% CP, and 76.23 ± 3.77%EE. Apparent DE of DF was determined to be 3.17 ± 0.24 Mcal/kg. Apparent digestibility coefficients of DF were 64.98 ± 4.76% DM, 74.99 ± 4.91%protein, 15.70 ± 10.84% ADF, and 79.39 ± 5.07 EE. Apparent DE of EFM was determined to be 2.66 ± 0.18 Mcal/kg. The EFM apparent digestibility coefficients were 54.95 ± 4.16% DM, 62.61 ± 7.25% CP, 27.21 ± 7.77% ADF, and 79.78 ± 6.67% EE. This study indicates that amending traditional diets with dehydrated or extruded mixtures containing food waste is a practical processing method for including food wastes in sheep diets. However, acceptability of these diets by individual sheep may vary, and inconsistent growth performance levels and feed efficiencies may occur. 相似文献
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Jeannette Boguhn H Kluth O Steinh?fel Martina Peterh?nsel M Rodehutscord 《Archives of Animal Nutrition》2003,57(4):253-266
The aim of the present study was to determine equations that predict ME in total mixed rations (TMR) based on routine methods. The ME content of 30 TMR for dairy cows was determined based on digestible crude nutrients obtained with wether sheep. Concentrations in the TMR (in g/kg DM) varied between 118 and 234 for crude protein, 26 and 48 for crude lipid, 131 and 250 for crude fibre, 281 and 488 for NDF, and 173 and 304 for ADF. Gas production ranged from 40.7 to 54.1 ml/200 mg DM, and enzymatically degraded organic matter from 652 to 800 g/kg DM. Digestibility [%] ranged from 68.6 to 84.0 for organic matter, from 55.6 to 84.3 for crude lipid, from 55.0 to 77.8 for crude fibre, from 57.6 to 77.0 for NDF and from 53.1 to 79.6 for ADF. ME ranged from 9.6 to 11.9 MJ/kg DM, and NEL from 5.7 to 7.4 MJ/kg DM. ME content was highly correlated with the concentration of both crude fibre and enzymatically degradable organic matter as well as with organic matter digestibility. A multiple regression equation based on crude fibre and crude lipid predicted ME with a reasonable goodness of fit (r2 = 0.81; s(y.x) = 2.4%). The inclusion of other nutrients, of neutral and acid detergent fibre, neither of gas production did improve the goodness of fit. The best prediction was achieved with inclusion of enzymatically degraded organic matter (r2 = 0.90; s(y.x) = 1.7%). 相似文献
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为了研究裹包全混合日粮(TMR)饲喂方式对泌乳奶牛生产性能、养分表观消化率和血液指标的影响,本试验选择24头泌乳天数为(124±20)d的荷斯坦奶牛,随机分为2个处理组,进行为期10周的饲养试验。对照组采用传统的精粗分开饲喂方式,试验组采用裹包TMR饲喂方式,精粗分开饲喂组和裹包TMR饲喂组的日粮配方组成和比例均相同,日粮精料比例为50∶50,裹包TMR水分含量调整为50%。结果表明,1)饲喂裹包TMR,可以显著增加干物质采食量(P<0.05),提高产奶量7.69%并提高3.5%标准乳产量5.20%(P>0.05);2)裹包TMR饲喂方式与精粗分开饲喂方式对乳成分含量和产量的影响差异不显著;3)裹包TMR饲喂可以显著提高粗蛋白和粗脂肪的表观消化率(P<0.05),干物质消化率有提高的趋势(P<0.1);4)裹包TMR饲喂显著降低了血清中尿素氮的含量(P<0.05),但对其他血液指标影响2组间差异不显著。裹包TMR技术可以作为一种有效的全混合日粮供给方式,可在我国中小规模奶牛养殖场和个体养殖户中推荐使用,以期提高奶牛生产性能和综合收益。 相似文献
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Six wethers were used in a digestibility experiment arranged as replicated 3 × 3 Latin square to evaluate the nutritive value of total mixed ration (TMR) silages that were made from ensiling of TMR containing 0, 6.5 and 13.0% (dry matter basis) of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) for 45 days (treatments denoted as CSMS, LSMS and HSMS, respectively). The amount of SMS replaced the same amount of timothy hay in the respective TMR. All TMR were well preserved as indicated by their low pH, low ammonia‐N and high lactic acid contents. Increasing levels of SMS in the TMR silage quadratically reduced (P < 0.05) nutrient digestibility with the exception of ether extract. The difference of total digestible nutrients and digestible energy contents between LSMS and CSMS TMR silage were less than those between LSMS and HSMS. Increasing concentration of SMS in the ration tended to decrease content of total volatile fatty acids in rumen fluid but increased the ratio of acetate to propionate and pH. The study suggests that a SMS level of 6.5% in the diet DM can be recommended for silage based TMR. 相似文献