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本文浅述了鱼类体色形成机制、鱼类着色剂类胡萝卜素及其在黄颡鱼配合饲料的应用、影响鱼类着色的因素等研究进展,以期对黄颡鱼配合饲料的研发提供一定理论参考。 相似文献
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黄颡鱼的营养需求量与饲料的配制 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
黄颡鱼肉味鲜美,蛋白质含量高,脂肪含量少,是一种小型名优淡水经济鱼类。近年来,由于人们对黄颡鱼认识程度不断提高,市场需求量不断增加,价格稳中有升,而且黄颡鱼在日本、韩国、东南亚等国家也有巨大的市场潜力,是出口创汇的优良品种犤1犦,养殖黄颡鱼经济效益显著。饲料是黄颡鱼养殖的主要成本之一,为了节约饲料成本,一些养殖场和专业户实行自己配制饲料,但由于缺乏黄颡鱼营养和饲料方面的知识,效果不理想。本文根据有关资料和当地的养殖实践介绍黄颡鱼的营养需求和饲料配制技术,仅供业内人士参考。1黄颡鱼的营养需求1.1蛋白质和必需氨基酸… 相似文献
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本文简述了黄颡鱼蛋白质、氨酸酸、能量、脂肪、维生素与矿物质等营养物质需求量的研究进展,并初步得出,体重小于20 g黄颡鱼幼鱼饲料适宜蛋白质含量为39%~42%。但针对黄颡鱼营养需求方面的研究仍较少,黄颡鱼对其它营养物质的确切需求量有待深入研究。 相似文献
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文章简述了近年来国内外学者对黄颡鱼营养生理研究的最新进展,并对黄颡鱼养殖过程中体色变化问题进行了分析和探讨,以期为黄颡鱼营养研究及饲料配制提供科学参考。 相似文献
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蛋白水平对黄颡鱼体成分及饲料利用的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黄颡鱼（Peletobagrus fulvidraco）属鲇形目，鳞科，黄颡鱼属，是一种小型底栖杂食性偏食动物性饵料的优质名贵经济鱼类，现已成为最具发展潜力的人工养殖对象之一。随着养殖规模化的推进，黄颡鱼的营养与饲料需要进一步的研究。本就饲料蛋白质水平对黄颡鱼饲料利用和鱼体生化成分的影响进行了研究，旨在探讨饲料蛋白质水平对黄颡鱼饲料利用和鱼体生化成份的影响，以期为黄颡鱼的养殖和营养方面的研究提供一些基础的资料。 相似文献
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黄颡鱼是我国重要淡水经济鱼类。本文就近年来国内外学者关于黄颡鱼营养生理的研究结果进行综述,以期为黄颡鱼营养研究及饲料配制提供科学参考。 相似文献
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黄颡鱼是东亚特有的一种淡水鱼类,具有较高的经济价值。随着黄颡鱼养殖业规模的扩大,黄颡鱼病害频发给黄颡鱼产业造成了巨大的经济损失。本文综述了近年来黄颡鱼营养免疫研究的进展,旨在为黄颡鱼养殖及饲料配制提供参考。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲料组胺水平对黄颡鱼生长性能、血清生化指标和胃肠道黏膜结构的影响。以初均重为(30.08±0.35)g的黄颡鱼为试验对象,分别投喂金枪鱼鱼粉饲料(TFM组)、白鱼粉饲料(H0组,作为对照组)以及白鱼粉饲料中分别添加5个水平组胺的试验饲料(H1、H2、H3、H4和H5组),各组饲料组胺水平分别为53.20、4.30、18.00、56.20、84.60、103.50、158.90 mg/kg。试验期60 d。结果显示:1)H1组黄颡鱼的末均重、特定生长率显著高于H0、H2、H3和H4组(P<0.05)。黄颡鱼生长速度与饲料组胺水平显示出二次函数关系的变化趋势。TFM、H3、H4和H5组黄颡鱼的存活率显著低于H0、H1和H2组(P<0.05)。2)H0组黄颡鱼的总胆汁酸含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。各组黄颡鱼体侧皮肤类胡萝卜素和叶黄素含量没有显著差异(P>0.05)。3)通过对黄颡鱼胃黏膜的扫描电镜观察以及肠道黏膜细胞间连接结构的透射电镜观察发现,饲料低水平组胺对黄颡鱼的胃黏膜、肠道紧密连接未造成显著损伤,饲料组胺水平达103.50 mg/kg及以上对黄颡鱼的胃黏膜、肠道黏膜细胞之间的紧密连接结构造成了严重的损伤。由此可见,饲料组胺水平为18.0 mg/kg时对黄颡鱼生长和鱼体健康是有利的,而饲料组胺水平大于103.50 mg/kg时对黄颡鱼的生理健康、胃黏膜细胞表面结构和肠道黏膜细胞之间的紧密连接结构有较为明显的损伤作用。 相似文献
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选择中国大陆最早分离的H9N2亚型禽流感病毒(avian influenza virus,AIV)A/Chicken/Guangdong/SS/94(H9N2)(缩写为SS株)和1998年大流行时期分离的H9N2亚型AIVA/Chicken/Shanghai/F/98(H9N2)(缩写为F株)为研究对象,对其在SPF鸡体内的复制能力和传播途径特性比较后发现,F株在4周龄SPF鸡气管中的复制能力高于SS株,F株可以经气溶胶传播途径传播,SS株不能经气溶胶传播途径传播;利用反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法获取F株和SS株的HA和NA基因的cDNA,序列分析得知,F株和SS株的HA和NA基因的同源性分别是96.6%和98.1%;HA基因的裂解位点氨基酸序列都是PARSSR↓GL,但有5个氨基酸的差异,即166位N(F)→D(SS)、198位A(F)→V(SS)、217位V(F)→I(SS)、335位G(F)→R(SS)、504位L(F)→S(SS);2株病毒的NA基因在63~65位都存在氨基酸缺失,但在NA基因红细胞吸附位点的氨基酸序列不同,分别是IKKDSRSG(F)和IKEDLRSG(SS)。F株和SS株的传播特性差异是否与其表面基因序列有关,有待进一步研究。 相似文献
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禽类的起源、演化及我国主要家禽品种类型与分布 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
家禽是重要经济价值动物.本文从禽类种群进化学说出发,简介了禽类的起源、演化、动物学分类和家禽的驯化(养)与品种的形成,并对我国主要家禽(鸡、鸭、鹅)地方品种和培育品种(配套系)的分布与类型作了描述,以期为研究我国家禽起源系统,保护与利用我国家禽品种,促进家禽生产可持续发展提供参考. 相似文献
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近年以来,由于市场因素的刺激,生猪的存养量大幅上升,再加上由于流通环节较多,流通非常频繁,流通距离越来越远。这对繁荣经济,增加养殖效益起了重要的推动作用,但也同时给疾病的感染和传播创造了有利条件,给猪病的防治带来了困难。有的猪场感染了传染病后,由于治疗不及时不得法,而造成了惨重的经济损失。2008年7月中旬,我街道一养猪户因盲目从外地购进中猪,发生猪病疫情,引起猪只连续死亡,造成一定的经济损失。根据流行病学、临床症状、剖检变化和实验室诊断,诊断该病为猪链球菌病和猪伪狂犬病混合感染,现报告如下。 相似文献
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１前言１．１鸡白冠病鸡白冠病是由卡氏住白细胞原虫寄生于鸡的红细胞和单核细胞而引起的鸡的贫血性疾病。吸血昆虫蚋和库蠓叮咬鸡引起传播，是主要的传播媒介，一般在夏末和秋季多发，由于夏季降雨量较大，部分沟渠积水，库蠓和蚋多孳生，因此在多雨水涝的年份发病率明显增高。１９９８年中国从南到北发生洪涝灾害，吸血昆虫的孳生格外严重，出现了一个白冠病多发年，而后两年发病稍轻，并有地区性，今年８月中旬以来白冠病的发病呈抬头趋势，有一定的死亡率，对蛋鸡产蛋率也会引起一定程度的降低，应引起养鸡户的重视。１．２鸡痘鸡痘也是… 相似文献
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Pinard CL Weiss ML Brightman AH Fenwick BW Davidson HJ 《American journal of veterinary research》2003,64(1):104-108
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate lactoferrin and lysozyme content in various ocular glands of bison and cattle and in tears of bison. SAMPLE POPULATION: Tissues of ocular glands obtained from 15 bison and 15 cattle and tears collected from 38 bison. PROCEDURE: Immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect lysozyme and lactoferrin in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of the ocular glands. Protein gel electrophoresis was used to analyze ocular glands and pooled bison tears by use of a tris-glycine gel and SDS-PAGE. Western blotting was used to detect lactoferrin and lysozyme. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical staining for lactoferrin was evident in the lacrimal gland and gland of the third eyelid in cattle and bison and the deep gland of the third eyelid (Harder's gland) in cattle. Equivocal staining for lactoferrin was seen for the Harder's gland in bison. An 80-kd band (lactoferrin) was detected via electrophoresis and western blots in the lacrimal gland and gland of the third eyelid in cattle and bison, Harder's glands of cattle, and bison tears. An inconsistent band was seen in Harder's glands of bison. Lysozyme was not detected in the lacrimal gland of cattle or bison with the use of immunohistochemical analysis or western blots. Western blots of bison tears did not reveal lysozyme. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Distribution of lactoferrin and a lack of lysozyme are similar in the lacrimal gland of cattle and bison. Differences in other tear components may be responsible for variability in the susceptibility to infectious corneal diseases that exists between bison and cattle. 相似文献
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Harvey CE 《Journal of veterinary dentistry》2002,19(4):186-195
Crown width, height and buccal surface areas were measured on heads or skulls of four dogs and four cats, and were compared with similar measurements on models of human dentition. Buccal surface area variability was greater in dogs and cats than in humans, and teeth of cats were smaller. Horizontal (gingival and occlusal halves) and vertical (mesial, middle, and distal thirds) buccal surface area variability was also greater in canine and feline teeth compared with human teeth. This increased variability suggests the need for testing of reliability and repeatability of scoring when using plaque and calculus indices based on horizontal or vertical segmentation. Buccal surface area variability between teeth also prompts questioning the validity of equal weighting of smaller, irregularly-shaped teeth when calculating a mean mouth score. Whether equal or more reliable results would be obtained from scores of whole teeth in comparison with segmentation indices used currently has yet to be determined. 相似文献
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Over a period of about 12 years, 30 abnormal Schistosoma mattheei cercariae were found among a total of approximately 2.8 million examined. Initially seven were recovered from about 1.02 million (0.0007%), which were examined individually while being counted with the aid of a stereoscopic microscope. Subsequently, on the strength of relatively high percentages of abnormal individuals recovered when counting cercariae that failed to penetrate into oxen, it appeared that the morphologically abnormal cercariae were unable to swim and would mostly sediment out of a suspension while most of the normal cercariae would remain swimming. This surmise is supported by recovery of 23 morphologically abnormal cercariae (0.001%) from about 1.8 million, by examining the sediment after the cercarial suspension had been left standing undisturbed in glass measuring cylinders. The abnormalities ranged from aberrant tails only (e.g. an underdeveloped tail, or different degrees of schism) or aberrant heads only, to abnormalities of both the heads and tails. A suggested schematic classification of abnormal cercariae is presented. A young, adult hamster was exposed to eight S. mattheei cercariae with complete schism of the shaft of the tail, by pipetting the cercariae onto the shaved abdominal skin of the anaesthetised animal. Two underdeveloped females were subsequently encountered in squash preparations of the liver when the hamster was killed for worm recovery 10 weeks after infection, thus showing that some of the abnormal cercariae were viable. A method is also described for killing and fixing cercariae while retaining some of the shining brilliance of live cercariae, without them becoming shrivelled, granular and semi-opaque, as occurs when cercariae die spontaneously or are killed with heat. This is apparently the first report of abnormal cercariae of S. mattheei. In addition, a method of concentrating abnormal cercariae after emergence from a snail, a schematic classification of abnormal cercariae and a method for killing and fixing cercariae while retaining much of the shiny brilliance of live cercariae are also reported for the first time as far as is known. 相似文献