共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
2.
从根系发育角度对根茎型清水苜蓿、直根型陇东苜蓿、根蘖型野生黄花苜蓿和甘农2号杂花苜蓿在甘肃省天水半湿润区、兰州半干旱区和武威干旱区生长前3年的适应性进行了连续研究。结果表明,不同根型苜蓿的根系特性差异明显。根茎型清水苜蓿主根长度最短,主根直径和侧根直径均最细,侧根数较少;根蘖型野生黄花苜蓿和甘农2号的主根长度较长,主根直径和侧根直径均较粗,侧根数较多;直根型陇东苜蓿各项根系指标介于根茎型和根蘖型苜蓿之间,与根蘖型苜蓿更接近。主根直径和侧根直径在温度较高的夏秋季增长较快。不同根型苜蓿根系体积、生物量在3个生态区均表现为从表层到深层逐次递减,随着年限的增长逐年增大。对各根型苜蓿综合分析,相对来说,根茎型清水苜蓿在天水半湿润区、根蘖型甘农2号和黄花苜蓿在兰州半干旱区和武威干旱区、直根型陇东苜蓿在天水半湿润区和兰州半干旱区具有较强的根系发育能力。 相似文献
3.
对播种当年18个苜蓿品种材料根系特征和地上生物量进行了研究,分析苜蓿根系特征和地上生物量的相关性,探讨苜蓿根系特征对地上生物量的影响,结果表明:单株地上部干重以中苜1号最大,以呼盟黄花苜蓿最小;不同类型苜蓿根系形态指标差异明显;利用根系特征的10个指标对18个实验材料进行聚类,可分为4类;株高与分枝数、芽数呈负相关,地上部干重与根颈直径、主根直径、侧根直径、侧根数、根干重极显著相关,与入土深度呈显著相关;根据根系形态指标对地上生物量的主成分分析表明,根颈直径、主根直径、侧根数、分枝数、根干重对其影响最大;建议在苜蓿选种时,选取根颈直径大、入土深度深、主根长度长、侧根直径大、侧根发达、根干重重的材料。 相似文献
4.
为了解不同品种苜蓿在东北地区气候条件下根系和根颈发育的差异,进一步探讨根系生长发育和分布规律,试验在苜蓿建植当年对不同秋眠型苜蓿品种根系和根颈的生长特性进行了研究,测定了主根长、主根直径、主根生物量、根系总重、侧根数、根颈直径、根颈分枝和芽数等指标,并对各指标与不同品种的秋眠性进行相关性分析。结果表明:建植当年不同苜蓿品种根系和根颈的生长性状有很大差异,但是与品种秋眠性并不相关;公农2号、CW402和金皇后的根系发育能力和根颈特征都要强于其他品种,说明其根系发育能力更好,特别是本地紫花苜蓿品种公农2号的根系和根颈的大部分性状都好于其他品种,可见根系和根颈性状特点与品种适应性有很强的相关关系。 相似文献
5.
苜蓿抗寒性及根蘖性状的表现与过氧化物酶同工酶关系的研究 总被引：21，自引：4，他引：17
测定了根蘖型和直根型苜蓿根、茎、芽的过氧化物酶同工酶的变化。结果表明,两类根系苜蓿同工酶谱带数目的变化均与季节温度变化相一致,但根蘖型苜蓿的数值明显大于直根型苜蓿,说明前者抗寒越冬力强于后者。变温处理后,４种抗寒性不同的苜蓿品种同工酶谱带数目及活性下降的顺序是：根蘖型苜蓿＜陇东苜蓿＜晋南苜蓿＜猎人河苜蓿。根蘖型苜蓿和直根型苜蓿根组织过氧化物酶谱明显不同,说明苜蓿根组织过氧化物酶同工酶的变化可能与控制根蘖性状的基因表达相关。 相似文献
6.
杂交苜蓿是野苜蓿 (M .falcata)和紫苜蓿 (M .sativaL .)的杂交后代 ,兼具亲本的许多优良性状 ,适于广泛栽培。对其在根系特性上所表现出的优势进行研究发现 :根颈处的劈裂将植株分为母株与子株 ,实现营养繁殖 ;位于茎基部的当年芽数量明显大于亲本 ,是地上生物量增长的基础 ;明显的缩根现象有利于茎基部和根颈顶部芽的产生和越冬 ;明显优于亲本的侧根与不定根 ,为根劈裂分株繁殖的植株提高地上生物量奠定了基础 相似文献
7.
从根系发育角度对美国11个秋眠级标准对照苜蓿品种在贵州地区的适应性进行研究.结果表明,苜蓿随着秋眠级升高,根颈直径呈先减小后增大的趋势,最大的是UC-1887(FD10),为1.439 cm;主根长度呈先增长后减小的趋势,最长的是Pierce( FD8),为59.75 cm;侧根数逐步减少,最多的是Vernal( FD2),为19.33;最少的为Pierce(FD8),为12.25.主根直径、主根体积、主根生物量、侧根体积、侧根生物量及根系体积、根系生物量都呈增大的趋势,苜蓿第1年根系主要集中在0～20 cm土层,根系体积所占比例为77.82％～92.35％,根系生物量所占比例为75.14％～90.96％.通过聚类分析及不同秋眠级苜蓿品种的综合表现,在贵州地区,苜蓿根系发育能力较强的秋眠级为7～10. 相似文献
8.
Na_2CO_3盐胁迫对10个苜蓿品种生长初期地下指标的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以10个苜蓿(Medicago sativa.)品种为试验材料,在不同Na_2CO_3浓度下进行耐盐性研究,观察生长初期根颈直径、根颈入土深度、主根直径、侧根直径和侧根位置等根系指标,并进行数据统计与方差分析。结果表明:不同浓度Na_2CO_3胁迫下,各苜蓿品种的各个指标差异显著;根颈直径和主根直径随着盐浓度的增大而呈逐渐减小趋势,根颈入土深度和侧根位置随盐浓度的增加呈增大趋势,但侧根直径随盐浓度的增大变化趋势不明显;由地下指标综合分析可知在10个苜蓿品种中,耐盐能力较强的为‘驯鹿’和‘中苜1号’,可选择在碱性盐区域种植。 相似文献
9.
10.
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2017,(1)
为了对播种当年18个苜蓿品种根系形态特征进行评价,试验测定了苜蓿根颈直径、入土深度、分枝数、主根直径、主根长度、侧根直径、侧根数、侧根深度等指标。结果表明:各品种苜蓿根系形态指标差异明显。利用根系形态特征的8个指标对18个苜蓿品种进行聚类,可分为四类,第一类根系形态相近的包括巨能551(Magna551)、驯鹿(AC Caribou)、标靶(PGI427)、甘农3号和55V12;第二类根系形态相近的包括骑士-2(2010)、甘农6号和56S82;第三类根系形态相近的包括敖汉苜蓿、陇中苜蓿、挑战者(Survivor)、WL343HQ;第四类根系形态相近的包括54V09、55V48、康赛(Concept)、WL440HQ、WL168HQ、WL363HQ。 相似文献
11.
Rassnick KM Gieger TL Williams LE Ruslander DM Northrup NC Kristal O Myers NC Moore AS 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2001,15(3):196-199
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks. 相似文献
12.
Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Johansson AM Gardner SY Levine JF Papich MG LaFevers DH Fuquay LR Reagan VH Atkins CE 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(6):887-895
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses. 相似文献
13.
Waruiru RM Thamsborg SM Nansen P Kyvsgaard NC Bogh HO Munyua WK Gathuma JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2001,33(3):173-187
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round. 相似文献
14.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host. 相似文献
15.
16.
Evaluation of biohydrogenation rate of canola vs. soya bean seeds as unsaturated fatty acids sources for ruminants in situ 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 S. Pashaei T. Ghoorchi A. Yamchi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(2):211-216
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed. 相似文献
17.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb
albumin
- ALT
alanine aminotransferase
- AST
aspartate aminotransferase
- BUN
blood urea nitrogen
- Chol
cholesterol
- Glob
globulin
- -GT
-glutamyl transpeptidase
- IP
inorganic phosphorus
- TP
total protein 相似文献
18.
A knowledge of the microbiological status of milk and of the different structures in the mammary glands has great importance
in elucidating the pathogenesis of mammary gland infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological
status of various structures in the mammary glands from naturally infected dairy cows following slaughter. A total of 94 samples
of milk, 184 samples of mammary parenchyma, 168 samples of gland cisterns, and 168 samples of teat cisterns were collected
for microbiological examination. Microorganisms were detected in 59.9% of all samples, 67.0% of the milk samples, 70.1% of
the mammary parenchymas, 55.9% of the gland cisterns and 48.8% of the teat cistern samples. When all samples were considered,
coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were the most prevalent (35.7%) followed by coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (12.2%), Corynebacterium bovis (2.4%), Prototheca sp. (1.9%), and Streptococcus dysgalactiae (1.5%). There was a significantly higher occurrence of microorganisms in the milk and mammary parenchyma compared to the
gland cisterns and teat cisterns.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
19.
Four grass plots were sequentially contaminated with goat faeces containing known numbers of unembryonated eggs of predominantly Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. between October 1982 and April 1983. Four other plots were similarly contaminated with sheep faeces between February and May 1987. An additional plot was repeatedly contaminated with sheep faeces from February to April 1987. Populations of free-living stages in faeces and of infective larvae (L3) in the herbage were subsequently monitored until the end of April and June of 1983 and 1987 respectively. During February and May 1987 two control cultures of sheep faeces were incubated in the laboratory at 25°C–30°C and at a constant temperature of 50°C and the free-living development was also monitored. L3 developed very readily in the faeces cultured at 25°C–30°C and in those spread on a grass plot in October, at the end of the wet season, but developed less on the plot contaminated in May at the start of the wet season. Worm eggs in faeces deposited on plots during the hot dry season (December to April) or incubated at 50°C died and disintegrated after 24–48 h exposure to the high environmental temperatures. The results indicate that it is unlikely that gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats can develop or survive on open pasture during the dry season in the Nigerian derived savanna zone. 相似文献
20.
Acute phase proteins in dogs naturally infected with the Giant Kidney Worm (Dioctophyme renale) 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Elizabeth M. S. Schmidt Mads Kjelgaard‐Hansen Funmilola Thomas Asta Tvarijonaviciute José J. Cerón P. David Eckersall 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2016,45(4):657-664