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《中国南方果树》2017,(6)
以龙眼早熟品种桂冠早(暂定名)、中熟品种石硖、晚熟品种桂明一号为研究对象,观测并分析3个不同熟期龙眼品种开花和果实发育及落果规律,并测定了果实品质。结果表明,桂冠早雌雄花比为0.587,是石硖和桂明一号的近2倍。桂冠早的雌雄花相遇期长达15d,且开放高峰期重合;石硖和桂明一号雌雄花相遇期仅8~9d,且石硖雌花开放高峰期早于雄花,桂明一号雌花开放高峰期晚于雄花。桂冠早果实发育期仅80d左右,但在整个发育期的绝对生长率和相对生长率较高。3个品种的落果均贯穿果实发育期,且均集中在前期;采前4周桂冠早、石硖和桂明一号的累积落果率分别达7.57%、9.75%和6.06%。桂冠早为高糖中果形品种,石硖为高糖小果形品种,桂明一号为低糖大果形品种。 相似文献
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对几个油橄榄品种完全花比率差异、果实纵径、横径、果形指数的动态变化进行了研究.结果表明:供试品种完全花比率差异极显著,其中平均完全花比率高达88.70%,最低的皮肖利仅13.30%;油橄榄的果实生长呈"快-慢-快-慢"变化规律. 相似文献
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以8~9 a生79-2和秦美2个猕猴桃品种为材料,研究其果实生长发育动态。结果表明:2个品种果实的生长量在年生长发育过程中出现2次高峰期,79-2品种分别出现在5月20日到6月23日和6月16日到8月18日;秦美品种分别出现在5月20日到6月30日和6月30日到8月11日;2个品种果实的净增长量在年生长发育过程中均出现3次生长高峰,79-2品种出现时间,第1次,果实纵径、宽横径和厚横径同时在5月27日,第2次,果实纵径和厚横径都集中在6月9日,而宽横径在7月14日,第3次,果实纵径在6月23日,宽横径在8月11日,厚横径在7月7日;秦美品种出现时间,第1次,果实纵径、宽横径和厚横径都同时在5月27日;第2次,果实纵径在6月23日,宽横径和厚横径都集中在6月30日;第3次,果实纵径在8月4日,宽横径和厚横径都同时在8月1日;建议在该地区条件下施壮果肥的时期要求在5月中旬为最佳,同时要求在各个需肥期加强根外追肥2~3次,效果更好。 相似文献
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对两个梨品种果实纵模径定期田间测定，绘制果实生长发育曲线。结果表明：两个梨品种果实纵、横径净生长量在整个生长过程中均出现三次生长高峰：1.金水二号第一二次生长高峰模径都比纵径提前到达，而第三次生长高峰纵径横均同时到达，6月下旬前纵径生长速度比横径稍慢，6月下旬以后纵径生长速度比横径销快；2.巴梨第一次生长高峰纵径和横径都同时到达，第二、三次生长高峰纵径都比横径提前到达。 相似文献
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核桃果实发育动态规律研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以早实核桃"辽核1号"、"香玲"、"辽核5号"为试材,研究不同核桃品种在豫北平原地区果实发育动态规律。结果表明:不同核桃品种果实的纵径、横径和侧径发育在同一时期内均显现出相对快速增长的一致性。但品种间三径生长发育有着明显的差异性。同时也表现出核桃果实三径发育动态相对一致的周期规律性,分为果实迅速膨大期和缓慢增长期2个生长发育周期。5月上旬至6月上旬是果实膨大期,完成果实体积膨大的95%以上。6月中旬至9月上旬处于果实缓慢增长期,果实增大值仅占总体积的5%左右。 相似文献
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本试验以‘紫阳长茄’为试材,研究其定植后植株生长和果实发育动态。结果表明:定植后30～70d,株高一直快速增长,茎粗在定植后30～60d不断增长,门茄处最大功能叶面积在定植后30～40d快速增大,之后停止生长;果实横径、纵径均呈"慢-快-慢"的增长趋势,表现出较为典型的单S型生长曲线。坐果4d内,横径、纵径增长缓慢,坐果后4～10d,横径增长较快,而纵径在坐果后4～14d增长较快,坐果14～20d,横径、纵径增长相对较慢,坐果20d以后应及时采收商品果实。从总体上看,在茄子定植40d之前,植株处于快速营养生长期,之后转入营养生长与生殖生长平衡发展期,此时应加强肥水管理,促进果实生长发育。 相似文献
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以"桂香"、"早熟一号"龙眼品种为试材,比较了管道输液施肥和常规土施对龙眼果实生长、产量和果实品质的影响。结果表明:管道输液显著提高了果实品质,果实纵横径、单果重、单株产量、可食率、可溶性固形物和可溶性糖含量均优于土施处理。"桂香"和"早熟一号"龙眼的输液处理比土施处理的纵径分别提高了3.24、2.40mm,横径分别提高了0.72、2.45mm;"桂香"和"早熟一号"龙眼的输液处理比土施处理的单果重分别提高了19.57%、20.28%;单株产量分别提高了23.23%、5.73%;可食率分别提高了4.45%、5.27%;可溶性固形物含量分别提高了10.83%、17.24%;可溶性糖含量分别提高了18.89%、10.48%。管道输液还有效地提高了龙眼果实矿质营养元素N、K、Ca的含量,但对果实矿质营养元素P和Mg的含量影响不明显。"桂香"和"早熟一号"龙眼的输液处理比土施处理的果实N含量分别提高了17.37%、23.27%;果实K含量分别提高了12.93%、17.30%;果实Ca含量分别提高了32.33%、16.96%。 相似文献
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The effects of combinations of salinity (no salt, 2000 p.p.m. or 4000 p.p.m. of CaCl2 and NaCl, 1:1) and water table (30 cm, 60 cm or 90 cm from the soil surface), on the vegetative growth and tolerance of ‘Golden Japanese’ plum and ‘Mit Ghamre’ and ‘Balady’ peaches were studied. The plants were grown in lysimeters. The growth of the trunk, total shoot length, the increase in shoot length per cm and the fresh weight of top, root and total plant were reduced with increasing salinity of the irrigation water. The effect was accentuated when the plants were maintained at high water table level. The salinity treatments resulted in the death of 43%, 73% and 76% of the plants in the plum, and the ‘Mit Ghamre’ and ‘Balady’ peaches, respectively, indicating that the plum is more tolerant to salinity than the peach. The plants of the salinity treatments showed various symptoms of salt injury, such as leaf burn, defoliation, shoot die-back and finally death. In the peaches, salt injury started to occur in the first growing-season, whereas the salt injury appeared in the plum in the second growing-season. The symptoms were more pronounced in the 4000 p.p.m. treatment than in the 2000 p.p.m. treatment and were more pronounced at the high water table level. The salinity level was the predominant factor and the effect of the water table on the vegetative growth diminished with increase in the salinity level of the irrigation water. 相似文献
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AIM：To establish a fast, accurate and economical technique for culturing mouse pulmonary arteriolar smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), and to explore the effects of hypoxia on the proliferation and apoptosis of the PASMCs. METHODS：In sterile condition, the pulmonary artery was isolated from the male BALB/c mice by digesting with collagenase I, and the cells were cultured in fetal bovine serum-coated flask. Centrifugal procedure was not used during the cell passage. The cell morphology was observed under an inverted phase-contrast microscope. α-Smooth muscle actin was identified by immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence. The effects of hypoxia on the proliferation and apoptosis of the PASMCs were detected by CCK-8 assay and TUNEL assay. RESULTS：PASMCs were identified by the methods of immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence staining and observation of morphology. Unlike the rat PASMCs with typical subcultured peak-vally pattern, the mouse PASMCs showed a lot different without a peak-vally pattern. The cells could be subcultured after 5 d to 7 d and there was 3 to 5 generations depending on the activity of the cells. CCK-8 assay demonstrated that the A values of PASMCs exposed to hypoxia increased after 24 h (P＜0.05) as compared with normoxia. TUNEL result showed that the apoptotic index of the PASMCs in hypoxia decreased after 24 h (P<0.05). CONCLUSION：This technique for obtaining cultured mouse PASMCs is simple, fast, accurate and economical. The digestion time is easy to control. Hypoxia promotes the proliferation and inhibits the apoptosis of PASMCs. 相似文献
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小檗碱和壳聚糖抗蔬菜病原真菌活性测定及复合膜制备 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究了小檗碱和壳聚糖对几种常见蔬菜病原真菌的抑制活性,以及以小檗碱和壳聚糖为主料制备复合膜的方法,并测定了该膜的药物释放效果。试验表明:低浓度(0.234 mg/mL)小檗碱即可抑制辣椒炭疽病菌(Vermicularia capsici)等5种蔬菜病原真菌的生长。20 mg/mL浓度壳聚糖对番茄灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)的抑制率高达65%,而对其余4种果蔬病原真菌也有一定的抑制作用。为了集成这2种天然化合物的优点,制备了小檗碱-壳聚糖复合膜,该膜具有缓释功能,在模拟外部环境(磷酸缓冲液,pH 6.8)条件下,20 d小檗碱累计释放率接近25%,提示其在果蔬贮藏抗菌中的应用价值。 相似文献
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Fresh onion seeds desiccated to 6.0% seed moisture content (SMC) were stored in various packaging materials under different storage conditions. Seeds packed in aluminum-laminated pouches beside those stored with silica gel at 25 °C maintained satisfactory germinability and vigour after 12 months. Desiccated seeds stored in moisture impervious containers produced more vigourous seedlings. Germination potential of onion seeds increased with reduced SMC besides storage in moisture impervious packets along with desiccants as physiological and biochemical attributes are regulated. Seed viability and vigour decreased with accelerated ageing due to increased lipid peroxidation, decreased activities of several free radical and peroxide scavenging enzymes. Electrical conductance of seed leachates also increased with ageing. Thus, adoption of appropriate storage temperature and moisture control techniques would significantly affect onion seed quality, which was due to minimum accumulation of free peroxide radicals and enhanced activity of free radical scavenging enzymes. 相似文献
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以大荔县冬枣种植区采集的发病枣果为试材,采用常规组织分离法进行病原菌的分离纯化,通过柯赫氏证病法则、形态学观察及分子生物学分析,研究鉴定了冬枣黑斑病和炭疽病的病原菌种类,并采用田间调查法对2种病害为害特征进行比较分析,以期为田间有效区分冬枣黑斑病和炭疽病为害症状,并快速判断其病原类型,及进一步深入开展精准防控提供参考和指导.结果表明:陕西大荔冬枣黑斑病的病原菌为细极链格孢(Alternaria tenuissima),炭疽病的病原菌为胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides).2种病害均主要为害枣果实,在枣果果腰或果肩上形成黑褐色病斑,可能同时存在且症状相近极易混淆,但在病斑表面、皮下及久置表型3个方面存在明显区别. 相似文献
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钾肥在小白菜和萝卜上的施用效果 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
采用盆栽试验方法研究了施用钾肥对小白菜、萝卜生长发育、产量、品质及钾素含量的影响。结果表明 ,施用钾肥对小白菜和水萝卜的株高、叶片数无显著的影响 ,但可提高水萝卜块根的产量 ,提高幅度为 31.0 4 %～ 97.93%。施用钾肥可提高小白菜和萝卜的蛋白质和VC含量 ,降低硝酸盐含量 ,增加植株的钾素含量 相似文献