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糙刺参(Stichopus horrens)是一种具有较高经济价值的热带海参,广泛分布于中国南海海域。近年来,由于不合理开发,野生糙刺参资源量不断下滑,对其进行人工繁育与养殖迫在眉睫。目前,糙刺参的人工育苗技术已经取得了突破,而其人工养殖技术尚待完善。为研究热带海参人工养殖及放流的可行性,2010年~2011年通过在西沙群岛3个不同海区[港池内(A区)、港池外(B区)、泻湖(C区)]进行了糙刺参的幼参和成参的网笼养殖试验,定期监测笼内幼参及成参的成活率、生长情况,研究热带海参野外人工养殖及放流的可行性。结果表明,热带经济海参糙刺参幼参和成参均可以实现野外网箱养殖。成参在低密度下7个月网笼中成活率100%,体质量少量下降,其中在A区网箱养殖成参的效果明显优于C区;低密度下大规格幼参a(3 cm左右)比小规格幼参a(1.5 cm左右)生长率更快和成活率更高;而A和B海区由于营养盐、底质有机质含量相对较高,幼参和成参的养殖效果要优于C区。因此,利用网笼在野外养殖糙刺参是可行的,但是必须对海参规格和养殖地点进行合理选择。 相似文献
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即墨县盘龙庄自1975年以来连续进行刺参人工育苗和放流增殖试验,六年共育稚参1000余万头,放流200万头。目前,放流海区的幼参大量增加。刺参人工育苗,设备简单,投资较少,技术容易掌握。参苗在海区活动范围不大,易于增殖。现介绍如下。 相似文献
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<正>在刺参人工育苗过程中,到10月中旬～11月上旬,稚参大部分个体体长已达到1 cm左右的变色参,即由原来的半透明变为棕褐色、赤褐色或淡绿色,这时虽然参苗已达到出池规格,但苗种的规格有很多还很小,个体差异也较大,用此苗种进行养殖和增殖放流,往往会因为冬季温度较低和规格较小,造成养殖成活率和增殖回捕率过低。通过采取地下井水或室内锅炉适当升温方式进行越冬保苗,可有效的提高刺参苗种对环境的适应能力,增加养殖苗种成活率。 相似文献
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工厂化养殖仿刺参营养品质分析与评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了更好地了解工厂化养殖仿刺参的营养成分和品质,本研究采用国标等方法,分别对工厂化养殖、池塘养殖、底播自然生长和海捕野生仿刺参的各项营养成分进行了分析和评价。结果显示,工厂化养殖仿刺参出皮率为62.7%~65.8%,煮后出皮率为24.8%~31.1%,显著高于其他来源仿刺参。工厂化养殖仿刺参的必需氨基酸/非必需氨基酸为0.46~0.50,氨基酸营养价值平均得分为87.89~90.42,均高于其他来源仿刺参,说明其氨基酸营养价值水平较高。在其他营养成分方面,工厂化养殖仿刺参与池塘养殖仿刺参较为相近。自然环境生长仿刺参由于摄食来源广泛、生长周期较长,其蛋白质与脂肪水平普遍高于其他来源仿刺参。综合分析认为,工厂化养殖仿刺参的营养价值与池塘养殖仿刺参相近,在出皮率和氨基酸营养水平上优于池塘养殖和自然环境生长仿刺参,说明工厂化养殖仿刺参具有较好的品质和营养价值。 相似文献
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刺参通常称作海参,在分类上属于棘皮动物门、海参纲、楣手目、刺参科、仿刺参属。在我国,刺参主要盛产于辽宁、山东、河北等地。刺参养殖方式有池塘养殖、工厂化养殖、围网养殖、浅海筏式养殖等。近些年,随着“北参南养”技术上的突破,刺参浅海筏式养殖在我省尤其在闽东地区海域悄然兴起,取得了良好的经济效益（最好的投入产出比超过1：2）,促进了刺参养殖产业的迅猛发展,有望成为福建省继鲍鱼之后又一大海水养殖产业。现将刺参浅海筏式养殖技术要点总结如下： 相似文献
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刺参养殖是我国海水养殖的支柱产业。刺参的增养殖模式主要包括室内工厂化养殖、池塘养殖、围堰养殖、浅海底播增殖及筏式养殖等,其中池塘养殖刺参面积最大。池塘刺参养殖受气候影响较大,尤其在夏季持续高温、多雨天气下,极易导致池塘养殖刺参大面积死亡甚至绝产,如何避免夏季极端天气下刺参的大面积死亡,使池塘养殖刺参安全度夏,已成为水产养殖行业关注的热点问题。 相似文献
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一、现状刺参海面网箱养殖是近两年兴起的一种刺参养殖新方式。我国刺参海面网箱养殖起初是以野生刺参暂养方式面世。随着技术开发,尤其是生态养殖技术开发,在作为刺参海面网箱养殖发祥地的大连,刺参海面网箱养殖现已走上轨道。目前,刺参海面网箱养殖生产方式不仅包括成参养殖, 相似文献
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水硬度对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼发育的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用不同硬度的水对七彩神仙鱼幼鱼进行饲养。6周龄幼鱼在硬度为7.94°dH±0.30°dH时饲养84d后,比在硬度为14.71°dH±0.23°dH水中的幼鱼个体大,生长速度快。表明较高硬度的水有利于七彩神仙鱼幼鱼的生长发育。 相似文献
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The variation of virulence of Renibacterium salmoninarum , the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease (BKD) in salmonid fish, was studied by infecting rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), with two isolates (strains 325 and 932) from diseased Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., and one isolate (strain 4366) from an apparently healthy Atlantic salmon. Coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), were injected with the strain 932 to estimate difference in fish species resistance. Fish were removed by random sampling for other study purposes, a study design possible with analysis of lifetime distributions incorporating both sampling-, death- and survival-times. At the end of the experiment, the rainbow trout infected with strains 325, 932 and 4366 had a survival probability of 33%, 51% and 72%, respectively. The coho salmon infected with strain 932 had a 26% survival probability. The strain differences were significant according to the log-rank test, and the risk ratio between the strains ranged from 1·8 to 5·4. The strain from the apparently healthy fish was least virulent. The survival of the fish species was different over time. Rainbow trout were more likely to die early in the time course, but high numbers of coho died later, resulting in an overall risk of mortality of 1·4 in favour of rainbow trout. Differences in virulence may reflect changed selective pressure on R. salmoninarum when introduced from feral stocks into the environment of fish farms. 相似文献
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《水生生物资源》2003,16(5):461-465
Anti-proteinase activity was demonstrated in the seminal plasma of cyprinid fish species (bream, chub, ide, dace, asp, goldfish, roach, common carp) using electrophoretic techniques combined with a detection method based on inhibition of bovine trypsin. We found species-specific protease inhibitors in the seminal plasma of cyprinids. At least three bands of protease inhibitors with different migration rates could be identified by native PAGE. Higher variability was characterized for bands with slower migration rates. Visualization of inhibitors after SDS-PAGE under non-reducing conditions allowed estimation of their molecular weights. Apparent molecular weights were within the range of 51–59 and 47–54 kDa for the bands with slower and moderate migration rates, respectively. The molecular weight of fast migration bands for roach and common carp were estimated to 23 and 30 kDa, respectively. Inhibitors of common carp seminal plasma differed in their affinity toward serine proteases. Three inhibitors in common carp seminal plasma could be visualized using cod and bovine trypsin, but only two inhibitors (of high molecular weight) were recognized with chymotrypsin. There were differences in anti-proteinase activity and seminal plasma protein concentration in relation to the origin of common carp seminal plasma (breeding lines) and time of milt collection (spawning vs. post-spawning season). 相似文献
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该研究通过肉眼观察、镜检,进行干露、饥饿、盐度突降、福尔马林等抗性试验,并采用病毒检测等方法,以期建立评估斑节对虾（Penaeus monodon）虾苗活力和质量标准。结果表明,斑节对虾健康虾苗具有趋光性、集群性,体表光洁,肌肉透亮,肠胃食物充盈等特性。测试虾苗干露时间以15min为宜,健康虾苗干露后能立即恢复活力,而病弱虾苗多出现死亡、昏迷现象;虾苗的成活率随饥饿时间的延长而降低,随福尔马林浓度升高和时间延长而降低,随盐度突降幅度增加而降低。健康虾苗能忍受100～200μL·L^-1福尔马林溶液30min,成活率近100％;在盐度20～30下虾苗的成活情况较好,而其在淡水中仅能存活1h。对虾苗进行病毒检测,可以避免养殖中因虾苗携带病毒而可能导致的病毒性疾病的暴发。 相似文献
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鳟鱼发眼卵和旨种运输是养鳟生产的重要环节。发眼卵多在冬季和早春运输,苗种多在晚春和夏季运输。苗种运输大多以鱼篓充氧进行短距离汽车运输,长途运输冷水性鱼苗种的实例很少。本文总结了金鳟和虹鳟苗种长途运输方法,以期与养鳟业界共同交流提高。一、包装材料和方法内包装材料是苗种运输专用塑料袋,规格54×104cm,外包装是泡沫塑料箱,规格63.5×45.5×30．5cm,纸箱规格64×46×32．5cm。塑料袋采取双层式,内装苗种和水共12.5kg,其中苗种0.5-1．3kg,100－2000尾。起运前苗种停食1－2天。运鱼用水水温调至6℃,鱼、水入袋后袋内… 相似文献
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该研究选取具有多态性的6对微卫星引物对构建的2批合浦珠母贝(Pinctada fucata)完全双列杂交家系的遗传多样性进行了分析。6个微卫星标记在9个家系360个个体中共检测到32个等位基因,有效等位基因(Ne)为1.758 7~3.586 5,观测杂合度(Ho)为0.144 4~0.488 9,期望杂合度(He)为0.432 0~0.722 2,Shannon指数(I)为0.691 9~1.507 4。9个家系都有单态位点,平均Ho为0.129 2~0.466 7,平均He为0.155 0~0.439 6,平均I为0.248 5~0.712 2。有19个位点(占35.19%)极显著地偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡。各家系之间的遗传距离为0.109 0~1.137 2,遗传相似性系数为0.320 7~0.896 8。家系L4B46与L4B48的遗传距离最大,与D3D313的遗传距离最小。UPGMA法聚类分析显示,9个家系分为3支,L4B48单独成一支,B4D426、B4D427与D4B445聚成一支,其余家系聚成一支。该研究结果为合浦珠母贝家系选择育种的亲本选择与交配设计提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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猪的胎盘属于弥散型胎盘,这种胎盘的结构特点和饲养管理的不当,常常导致母猪胎衣不下发生,给生猪的生产繁殖带来极大损失。本文针对母猪胎衣不下发生病因、综合防治进行详细阐述,旨在对预防和治疗胎衣不下能有所帮助。 相似文献
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Peter Howgate 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(5):516-532
It is well-established in fish technology that freshness should be measured primarily by sensory procedures, though considerable effort has been expended in looking for nonsensory alternatives. A variety of methods for sensory evaluation of freshness has been described and this historical review traces developments of these methods. Much of the source material derives from the research literature such as research journals and reports of research, and the use of sensory methods in commercial quality control has scarcely been documented. There is a brief discussion of possible future developments in sensory evaluation of freshness. 相似文献