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为了探索干旱半干旱地区影响文冠果育苗的主导因素,采用正交试验设计,就播种期、种子等级、覆土厚度、基质类型、营养杯规格等因子对文冠果育苗的影响情况分别进行了大田育苗和容器育苗试验,并通过指标测定和数理统计分析优选出了影响文冠果育苗的主导因子及其处理水平。研究结果表明:影响文冠果育苗的主导因子分别是播种期、种子等级、覆土厚度、基质类型、营养杯规格;5月中旬播种、种子等级为Ⅰ级、覆土厚度为5 cm、基质为牛羊粪+本地土、营养杯规格越大的苗木其长势越好;土壤理化性质对文冠果育苗也有一定的影响,土层厚度与苗高、地径间均呈正相关,其相关系数均在0.95以上,土壤养分是苗木生长所需养分的重要来源,适于其苗木生长的土壤p H值在6.5~8.0之间。 相似文献
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为选择优良种源和播种育苗方法,对千金鹅耳枥(Carpinus cordata)进行了不同种子来源、不同覆土措施、不同播种条件的播种试验,结果显示：不同来源种子出苗率及苗高、地径存在显著差异,以吉林市小区HB63L1个体最好,出苗率达88.5%,树高达48.7 cm,地径达4.7 mm;不同覆盖措施对苗高影响显著,对出苗率、地径的影响不显著,苗高以先覆一层沙子再盖一层土效果较好,苗高达42.0 cm;播种条件以温室优于露天,室内出苗率、苗高、地径分别是露天的129%、143%和133%。 相似文献
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探讨了不同基质对黄花倒水莲组培瓶苗初期生长的影响。基质选用梅州市山地无农药、肥料、无污染的黄心土、泥炭土(经过发酵的农林废物)、火烧土(炭化处理的草皮泥)。组培瓶苗移栽在不同基质苗期进行了生长对比试验,并对成活率、根系生长情况、苗高、地径等主要生长指标进行了相关分析。结果表明:3种基质中,泥炭土∶黄心土为2∶8混合基质处理的成活率、地径、苗高、主根长等生长指标最高,分别为78.3%、0.32cm、13.2cm、14.5cm,显著高于火烧土:黄心土2∶8混合基质处理的,分别为67.5%、0.32cm、12.6cm、12.3cm(p<0.05),和纯黄心土基质处理的,分别为75.4%、0.26cm、8.9cm、10.9cm。3种基质培育的一年移栽苗Ⅰ、Ⅱ级苗木比例均高于86%。泥炭土∶黄心土为2∶8的混合基质培育出表现良好的黄花倒水莲组培苗。 相似文献
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为探索连翘播种育苗技术的途径,分别进行了连翘种子不同采收期,种子不同的干燥方法、春播与秋播不同时间处理和播后不同覆土厚度等4个对比试验,研究结果表明以充分成熟阴干的连翘种子播种,春播以3月上旬惊蛰后播,覆土厚度0.5~1.0 cm,秋播以9月下旬秋分后播,覆土厚度1.0~1.5cm,播种育苗效果明显,连翘出苗率最高。 相似文献
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《绿色科技》2018,(21)
采用黄花倒水莲种子进行不同催芽方法、芽苗不同移栽密度进行了种子出苗率及苗木生长量的比较试验。结果表明:试验处理A、处理B的种子出苗率均较高,分别达72.3%和67.0%,处理C的出苗率最低,仅为35.3%;芽苗移栽密度以株行距10cm×10cm、10cm×5cm的苗木生长量较高,平均苗高分别为21.0cm,20.1cm,平均地径分别为0.53cm,0.52cm,平均主根长度分别为16.2cm,12.1cm,≥5cm长Ⅰ级侧根平均条数分别为24.2条/株、19.6条/株;株行距5cm×5cm的苗木生长量最低,平均苗高为13.4cm,平均地径为0.38cm,平均主根长度分别为9.2cm,≥5cm长Ⅰ级侧根平均条数分别为12.8条/株。 相似文献
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白刺地膜覆盖播种育苗试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
探讨了地膜覆盖技术在白刺播种育苗中的应用.结果表明:白刺种子经3种物理处理和4种浓度的ABT处理后,覆膜对种子出苗率和出苗速率的影响均差异显著,覆膜比未覆膜平均出苗率和出苗速率分别提高了5.83％和33.99％.覆膜对白刺苗木的苗高、地径和侧根数的影响差异显著,对根长的影响差异不显著;覆膜比未覆膜平均苗高、地径、根长、侧根数分别增长了88.71％、86.61％、1.97％、138.93％.白刺播种育苗时,采用覆膜+种子混沙冷藏处理和覆膜+种子100mg/L浓度ABT处理方式播种,其出苗率和出苗速率较高,且苗木的苗高、地径和侧根数的增长显著. 相似文献
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黄花倒水莲大田扦插育苗技术试验初报 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黄花倒水莲是一种名贵的中药材和观赏植物,其苗木培育对发展林下经济和花卉产业具有重要的意义。育苗试验表明:黄花倒水莲产苗量可达20.3万株/hm2,育苗10个月后平均苗高可达55.3cm、地径1.16cm,为该树种的苗木培育提供技术支持,也为林下经济的发展、森林生态的保护提供苗木基础。 相似文献
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研究了不同处理方式对油茶出苗率和苗木生长的影响,结果表明:采用沙床催芽方式育苗的油茶种子出苗率高于直接播种,不同育苗方式的出苗率均在第30天时达到高峰;油茶1年生苗木的苗高生长过程方程为y=97.704/(1+18.161e-0.041x);地径生长过程方程为y=1.244/(1+6.186e-0.024x);移苗后不同种植密度对油茶苗木的生长和苗木质量有重要的影响,随着密度的降低,各处理苗木的苗高、地径及单株生物量等均呈逐渐增大的趋势,密度为36株/m2的油茶苗木生长较差,密度为16株/m2的油茶苗木生长较好,其干物质积累量也较高。研究结果对油茶优质壮苗培育具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
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本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):131-138
The effects of soil scarification (mounding), slash removal and clear-cut age on the natural regeneration in clear-cuts was evaluated using data from four sites in southern Sweden. The treatments were carried out during a good seed and establishment year for birch ( Betula pubescens Ehrh. and B. pendula Roth). Scarification had the strongest positive effect on the density of naturally regenerated seedlings, especially in birch, but also in pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) and spruce [ Picea abies (L.) Karst]. Slash removal had a positive effect on birch density. No statistically significant effect of clear-cut age was found. In addition, no statistically significant interactions between clear-cut age and scarification or slash removal were found. The ingrowth of field vegetation was the fastest in areas that were not scarified, less rapid in areas scarified on old clear-cuts, and the slowest after scarification in fresh clear-cuts. In conclusion, it may be possible to control the density of birch during a good establishment year for birch. If birch is desired, the best combination of treatments is to remove the slash and scarify; otherwise, these treatments should be avoided. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):472-479
Based on an enquiry, risk perception among non-industrial private forest owners is described in relation to climate change and forestry hazards. Of the respondents, 11% took action to remedy the effects of climate change. Out of a given set, hazards were ranked according to each respondent's experience of recent substantial financial loss to the estate and in relation to his or her willingness to make investments aimed at risk reduction. For each hazard, the respondent assessed the risk in four classes ranging from very high to negligible risk. Six hazards were considered most problematic in all three aspects: browsing damage, falling timber prices, damage by wind, spruce bark beetle, root rot and pine weevil. A majority of the respondents claimed to take action to reduce the risk associated with at least one hazard, while 35% did not know whether they did. Excluding climate change, the need for decision support was the largest in relation to damage by wind owing to a combination of perceived high risk and a high level of ignorance in relation to whether risk-reducing measures were taken. 相似文献
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Srisuda Thippayarugs Banyong Toomsan Patma Vityakon Viriya Limpinuntana Aran Patanothai Georg Cadisch 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(2):137-148
In situ produced plant residues contain a mixture of different plant components of varying quality. To assess synergistic
or antagonistic interactions occurring during the decomposition and mineralization of such mixtures, individual plant parts
(stems, leaves, leaf litter and roots) or the mixture of stems, leaves and leaf litter of the agroforestry species pigeonpea
(Cajanus cajan) or of crop residues of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) or of the weed hairy indigo (Indigofera hirsuta) were incubated in pots for 19 weeks. Periodically, remaining plant residues were sieved out (>2 mm), weighed and N content
as well as soil mineral N determined. Above- and below-ground residues of peanut decomposed fastest and showed the largest
N release in agreement with their high N concentration and low-acid detergent fibre (ADF) : N ratio. Hairy indigo was hypothesized
to be of lower quality than pigeonpea because of its high-polyphenol content. However, it decomposed faster than pigeonpea,
largely because of the higher N and lower lignin concentration of its components. Ranking of individual plant components for
N mineralization resulted in the following pattern, leaves > leaf litter > roots > stems. In mixtures of the different plant
components a similar species order in decomposition was obtained, e.g. peanut > hairy indigo > pigeonpea. The amount of N
released from the mixture was dominated by stem material that comprised 46–61% of the mixture. The interactions in mixtures
were relatively small for peanut (generally high-quality components) as well as for pigeonpea (low proportion of high-quality
components, i.e. N rich leaf material). However, a positive interaction occurred during later stages of N mineralization in
the mixture of hairy indigo as it had a significant proportion of N rich components and absence of highly reactive polyphenols.
Thus, for plants with low to intermediate chemical quality attributes, manipulating plant composition (e.g. by varying harvest
age, affecting stem and leaf proportions) will be important to obtain significant interactions during decomposition when its
components are mixed. 相似文献
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A. Rigueiro-Rodríguez M. R. Mosquera-Losada E. Gatica-Trabanini 《Agroforestry Systems》2000,48(3):245-256
The use of organic waste materials such as milk sewage as an organic fertilizer could have the dual advantages of organic-waste
disposal and reduced dependence on inorganic fertilizers. The effects of fertilization with (1) conventional mineral fertilization,
(2) milk sewage sludge at 40 kg N ha−1 target rate and (3) no fertilization on pasture production and tree growth were examined in an experiment consisting of two
pasture mixtures under a one-year-old Pinus radiata plantation with a density of 2500 trees ha−1. The two pasture mixtures were: (1) Dactylis glomerata L. var. saborto (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1); (2) Lolium perenne L. var. Tove (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1). The experiment began in the spring of 1995 using a randomized block design with three replicates in Castro Riberas de Lea
(Lugo, Galicia, north-western Spain). Plot size was 12 × 8 m2, with a 1 m buffer strip between plots. Two-year data showed that fertilization with either material had a positive effect
on pasture production, with no significant difference between the two fertilization treatments. Tree growth in the milk sewage
sludge plot was significantly higher than in the control plots. Inorganic fertilization increased pasture production, but
affected tree growth negatively. The results show that milk sewage sludge could be used as a fertilizer in silvo-pastoral
systems.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献