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1.
共轭亚油酸（CLA）主要存在于反刍动物乳制品中,本试验建立了气相色谱法检测CLA的方法,采集牛乳提取脂肪检测脂肪酸中CLA的含量,发现在试验条件下c9,t11-CLA占到总脂肪酸含量的1．25‰是CLA异构体的主要形式。 相似文献
2.
共轭亚油酸(conjugated linoleic acids CLA)是亚油酸的一组构象和位置异构体,是专一存在于反刍动物脂肪中的具抗癌活性的天然活性成分。日粮因素能影响并改变CLA的含量。本文主要阐述CLA的结构、生理作用以及影响牛乳脂肪中CLA含量的日粮因素。 相似文献
3.
共轭亚油酸 (CLA ,conjugatedlinoleicacids)是一类具有共轭双键的十八碳双烯酸的位置和几何异构体的混合物 ,是专一存在于反刍动物脂肪中的具抗癌活性的天然活性成分。反刍动物脂肪中的CLA主要是cis - 9,trans - 11CLA ,它有两种来源。CLA是瘤胃生物加氢的中间体 ,其中的一部分从瘤胃中逃逸并合成乳脂和体脂。此外 ,动物自身也能从trans- 11C18∶1—另一瘤胃生物加氢的中间体合成。日粮因素能影响瘤胃生物加氢过程—提供不饱和脂肪酸基质或改变瘤胃内环境 ,故而能改变CLA的含量。因此 ,利用营养手段调控牛乳CLA的含量前景乐观。 相似文献
4.
共轭亚油酸(Conjugated linoleic acid,CLA)具有诸多生理活性,天然的CLA主要来源于反刍动物产品。在日粮中添加富含多不饱和脂肪酸(Polyunsaturated fatty acid,PUFA)的饲料是提高反刍动物产品中CLA含量的一个重要方法。本文通过PUFA对反刍动物CLA机体、消化道及组织等不同代谢层次的影响进行了综述,提出了目前通过PU-FA提高反刍动物CLA中存在的问题,期望为生产中深入利用反刍动物的高CLA这一优势、提高其产品品质提供帮助。 相似文献
5.
共轭亚油酸(CLA)又被称为过瘤胃脂肪酸。近年来,随着CLA对人体健康的重要作用被陆续发现,通过饲养途径如何提高反刍动物产品中CLA含量成为当前动物营养研究领域的热点。本文在查阅国内外CLA最新研究进展的基础上,对影响反刍动物产品中CLA合成的因素加以综述。 相似文献
6.
共轭亚油酸(CLA)是一种主要存在于反刍动物脂肪和乳脂中的天然活性成分.亚油酸和亚麻酸能通过瘤胃微生物的一系列异构和脱氢作用合成CLA,反式油酸在反刍动物肝脏微粒体、乳腺细胞和脂肪组织中被△9-脱氢酶脱氢也能生成c9,t11-CLA,并被确认为反刍动物CLA的主要来源.反刍动物体内CLA的合成受动物品种、环境、日粮等多种因素影响,个体之间也存在差异.在日粮中添加不饱和脂肪酸提高CLA含量的同时,对乳脂率会造成较大的影响.本文综述了反刍动物CLA合成及饲喂不饱和脂肪酸对其乳脂率的影响. 相似文献
7.
迄今的研究结果表明，共轭亚油酸（Conjugated linoleic acid CLA)对人体健康有利，天然的优质CLA主要来源于反刍家畜乳和肉的脂肪。改进各种CLA的分析方法，可进一步解明CLA异构体的生理作用。因为乳和肉中发现的CLA对人的健康有利，所以消费者对牛乳、牛肉产生很大的兴趣。在必要对其进行长期的研究。通过改变饲料能够提高牛乳中c-9，t-11CLA含量。有必要开发提高牛乳中t-10,c-12CLA和牛肉中c-9,t-11CLA的饲料。牛乳中CLA的变动很大，其变动原因还不十分清楚。搞清饲喂各种饲料在瘤胃内是如何在微生物的作用下加氢的；搞清牛乳和牛肉中CLA含量变化的原因；为提高CLA含量，开发科学的饲养方法；这些是我们要研究的重点。为了预防和降低癌症的发生，人们对保健食品，特别对含有CLA这一对人体健康有益成分的食品更为关注。含CLA的食品很多，但其主要来源为由反刍家畜生产的畜产品（牛奶、牛肉及其加工品） ，主要乳制品中CLA的含量（mg/g脂肪）为：均质乳4．5、炼乳7．0、黄油6．1、干酪4．9、酸奶4．8、冰淇淋3．6，主要肉制品中CLA的含量（mg/g脂肪）为：牛肉4．3、羊肉5．6、猪肉0．6、鸡肉0．9、火鸡肉2．5、鲑鱼肉0．3。 相似文献
8.
共轭亚油酸(CLA)具有抗癌、抗动脉粥样硬化、抗氧化、降低脂肪沉积、促进生长以及调节免疫等重要的生理功能。人类食物中的CLA主要来源于反刍动物产品。影响反刍动物产品CLA含量的因素主要包括:(1)饲粮中的脂类底物;(2)瘤胃内环境的改变;(3)饲喂方式;(4)饲粮中CLA的供给。生产中可以通过饲粮来调控瘤胃微生物区系,以增加CLA的合成;也可以给饲粮提供富含亚油酸的原料,通过增加底物来提高反刍动物产品中的CLA含量。 相似文献
9.
共轭亚油酸(CLA)是一种主要从反刍动物脂肪和牛奶产品中发现的天然活性物质,是一类含有共轭双键的十八碳二烯酸(亚油酸)异构体混合物。亚油酸和亚麻酸在反刍动物瘤胃内通过异构化和生物脱氢反应形成CLA,反式脂肪酸在动物细胞内经δ9-脱氢酶的脱氢作用也能形成CLA。饲料、瘤胃微生物、瘤胃pH以及品种等都对CLA有着重要的影响。反刍动物来源的食品是共轭亚油酸最主要的天然来源。本文就CLA在反刍动物体内的合成及营养调控措施作一综述。 相似文献
10.
介绍了共轭亚油酸(CLA)的来源和在人体中的生理作用,重点阐述影响牛乳中CLA含量的因素,包括在日粮中添加油脂、饲喂制度、季节变化和地理位置,提出了调控牛乳中CLA的含量的两种途径:改变日粮和饲养管理方式。 相似文献
11.
In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario. Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously. 相似文献
13.
In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
14.
In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%). 相似文献
15.
In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection. 相似文献
17.
In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium. 相似文献
18.
In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated. Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively. 相似文献
19.
In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%). 相似文献
20.
In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%). Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada. 相似文献
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