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1.
Supraspinatus and biceps brachii tendinopathy in dogs 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Calcifying tendinopathy was seen on radiographic views of the scapulohumeral joint in 12 of 183 (7 per cent) dogs reviewed retrospectively. Calcifying tendinopathy was identified only in large breed dogs, five being labradors. All the affected dogs, except one, were presented for unilateral thoracic limb lameness, which was typically of a chronic and intermittent pattern. Pain on manipulation of the scapulohumeral joint in the lame leg was present in eight of 12 dogs (67 per cent). Calcification of the supraspinatus tendon was seen in eight dogs and calcification of the biceps brachii tendon was seen in the other four dogs. Radiographic changes indicative of biceps brachii tendon avulsion were found in conjunction with calcification of the contralateral biceps brachii tendon in two dogs. Filling defects, indicative of bicipital tenosynovitis, were also seen in positive contrast arthrograms of two dogs with biceps brachii calcification. Of the eight dogs for which radiographic views of both scapulohumeral joints were available, six dogs had bilateral radiographic signs of calcifying tendinopathy. Overall, radiographic signs of calcifying tendinopathy were seen in 18 scapulohumeral joints, but lameness was apparent in only nine limbs, suggesting the lesion may at times be asymptomatic. Further prospective investigation of calcifying tendinopathy is needed to determine why lameness does not always appear to be associated with the presence of the lesion. 相似文献
2.
A five-year old, spayed female, Bearded Collie was presented with a 24-hour history of non-weight-bearing lameness of the right thoracic limb after sustaining vehicular trauma. Radiographs revealed a craniolateral scapulohumeral luxation and a distally and medially displaced fracture of the lesser tubercle of the humerus. Open reduction and internal fixation of the fracture was achieved with lag screw fixation and an anti-rotational Kirschner wire. Surgical repair resulted in compression across the fracture line, anatomic reduction of the articular surface, and a stable scapulohumeral joint following reduction of the humeral head in the glenoid. Six weeks postoperatively, the patient exhibited no evidence of pain or lameness on the right thoracic limb and radiographs revealed complete healing of the fracture and normal articulation of the scapulohumeral joint. This is the first report of a lesser tubercle fracture associated with a craniolateral shoulder luxation. Surgical intervention resulted in the return of full shoulder joint function in this dog. 相似文献
3.
Thomas W. Maddox Chris May Benjamin J. Keeley J. Fraser McConnell 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2013,54(4):358-364
Computed tomography (CT) is an established technique for detecting shoulder lesions in dogs, however the clinical significance of shoulder CT lesions often remains uncertain. The purposes of this retrospective study were to describe the prevalence of CT lesions in both shoulder joints for 89 dogs presenting with thoracic limb lameness and to compare CT lesions with clinical characteristics. For all included dogs, results of a full orthopedic examination, other diagnostic tests, and signalment data were available in medical records. Multilevel, multivariable logistic regression was used to test clinical significance of the most prevalent CT lesions and determine factors associated with their presence. Computed tomographic lesions were detected in one or both shoulder joints for 51/89 dogs (57.3%). Mineralization of one or more surrounding peri‐articular soft‐tissue structures was identified in 31.5% of dogs, with supraspinatus muscle/tendon mineralization being the most frequently identified (24.7%). The prevalence of humeral head osteochondrosis was 9 and 21.3% of dogs had shoulder osteoarthritis. Border collies (odds ratio [OR] 9.3; 95% CI 1.39–62.1, P = 0.02) and dogs with shoulder pain (OR 4.3; 95% CI 1.08–17.1, P = 0.04) had increased risk of osteochondrosis lesions. Border collies (OR 8.4; 95% CI 1.27–55.6; P = 0.03) and older animals (OR 1.04; 95% CI 1.02–1.1, P < 0.001) had increased risk of osteoarthritis lesions. Female entire dogs had an increased risk of supraspinatus mineralization lesions (OR 6.8; 95% CI 1.55–29.5, P = 0.01). Findings indicated that shoulder CT lesions are common in dogs with thoracic limb lameness, and that some CT lesions are not associated with shoulder pain. 相似文献
4.
Damage to the subchondral bone has been associated with a number of orthopaedic diseases. Diagnostic imaging is, therefore, critical in identifying disease and damage of the subchondral bone, not only for the diagnosis of joint and subchondral bone disease causing lameness, but also for identifying early/pre-symptomatic damage. The aims of this Critically Appraised Topic (CAT) were to assess the published evidence for the use of advanced imaging techniques (magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] and computed tomography [CT]) in the diagnosis of subchondral bone disease in the distal limb joints (metacarpo/metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal joints) of the adult horse, and to compare the diagnostic value of these techniques with radiography. In the studies reviewed in this CAT, advanced imaging modalities (MRI and CT) were superior to routine radiography for the diagnosis of subchondral bone injury of the distal limb joints. In a small percentage of horses, post-MRI reevaluation of the initial radiographs or acquiring further lesion-orientated radiographs allowed the identification of the subchondral bone injury. Extended radiographic examinations, including non-standard views, might increase the sensitivity of radiography to detect subchondral bone injuries, however, currently CT and MRI may be considered the “gold standard” imaging modalities. More studies comparing the identification of subchondral bone lesions on imaging and by histopathological/gross examination would be useful to assess more precisely the sensitivity and specificity of the different modalities. 相似文献
5.
Scott GS Crawford WH Colahan PT 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2004,224(11):1821-1826
OBJECTIVE: To determine arthroscopic findings in lame horses with subtle radiographic lesions of the medial femoral condyle. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 15 horses examined because of lameness that had subtle radiographic evidence of osteochondral lesions involving the medial femoral condyle in at least 1 joint. PROCEDURE: Medical records were reviewed, and results of physical examination, radiography, and arthroscopy were recorded. Follow-up information was obtained through reexamination of the horses or telephone conversations with the referring veterinarians, owners, or trainers. RESULTS: Lameness severity ranged from grade 1 to 3 on a scale from 0 to 5. Radiography and arthroscopy were performed on 28 stifle joints. The 4 unaffected joints in 4 horses with unilateral hind limb lameness that underwent bilateral arthroscopy had no radiographic lesions, but 2 of the 4 had arthroscopic lesions. Of the remaining 24 joints, 20 had radiographic evidence of flattening of the apex of the medial femoral condyle and 4 had minimal subchondral lucency. Lesions were identified arthroscopically in 18 of the 20 joints with flattening of the condyle and in all 4 joints with subchondral lucency. Treatment consisted of abrasion arthroplasty or microfracture. Seven of the 9 horses with focal cartilage lesions and 2 of the 6 horses with generalized cartilage lesions were reportedly sound without any evidence of joint effusion at the time of final follow-up. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that horses with hind limb lameness and subtle radiographic lesions of the medial femoral condyle are likely to have arthroscopically apparent cartilage lesions and subchondral bone defects. 相似文献
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7.
E. Koch L. Pack L. A. Zwicker C. Lopez‐Mendez E. M. Aburto 《Equine Veterinary Education》2014,26(8):410-415
A 15‐year‐old Quarter Horse mare was examined for significant and progressive lameness in the right front limb. On physical examination, muscle atrophy over the scapular and pectoral regions were noted. A pain response was elicited on palpation of the scapulohumeral joint. No other abnormalities were noted on examination of the limb. Diagnostic nerve blocks ruled out a source of lameness in the distal limb. Arthrocentesis of the scapulohumeral joint was performed and results were within normal limits. Radiographs of the right scapulohumeral joint revealed an extensive, aggressive bone lesion in the proximal humerus, suspected to be an osteosarcoma. After a course of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory therapy, minimal improvement to the lameness was noted. The owner elected to subject the horse to euthanasia due to the lack of significant response to treatment. Post mortem radiographic and histological examinations determined a definitive diagnosis of an osteosarcoma in the proximal humerus. 相似文献
8.
Diagnosis of nasal adenocarcinoma was made in a 6-year-old 35-kg neutered Golden Retriever and a 6-year-old 8-kg spayed mixed-breed dog with chronic bilateral nasal discharge unresponsive to antibiotics. Treatment for the Golden Retriever consisted of bilateral rhinotomy, curettage, and postoperative fractionated 48-Gy orthovoltage irradiation. The mixed-breed dog was treated with cisplatin. After complete remission of the primary neoplasm, the dogs were reevaluated because of acute lameness. Radiography of the right stifle of the Golden Retriever revealed soft tissue swelling, extensive bony destruction of the distal femoral metaphysis and epiphysis, and pathologic fracture involving the medial condyle. Radiography of the left scapula of the mixed-breed dog revealed lysis of the glenoid cavity and subchondral scapular bone. Diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma was made in both dogs. With treatment improvements and longer survival time of affected dogs, sinonasal neoplasia may be observed to develop in similar life-threatening metastatic sites. 相似文献
9.
Michael Carnevale Jeryl Jones Ida Holskov D. Phillip Sponenberg 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2019,60(4):378-389
Degenerative sacroiliac joint disease is a cause of lumbosacral pain in dogs; however, published information on cross‐sectional imaging characteristics is limited. Objectives of this retrospective, secondary analysis, methods‐comparison study were to test hypotheses that CT lesions reported in humans with degenerative sacroiliac joint disease are also present in dogs, and that CT is comparable to gross pathology for detecting these lesions. Matched CT and gross pathology slice images of 30 sacroiliac joints were retrieved from a previous prospective, canine cadaver study. A veterinary radiologist interpreted randomized CT images for each joint based on previously published CT characteristics of lesions in humans with degenerative sacroiliac joint disease. A veterinary pathologist independently interpreted randomized gross pathology images using the same criteria. All joints had at least one CT lesion consistent with degenerative sacroiliac joint disease. A new CT lesion was also identified and termed “subarticular cleft.” The CT and gross pathology methods agreed for detecting joints with subchondral sclerosis, subchondral erosion, and intra‐articular ankylosis lesions (P > .05, McNemar's test), but disagreed for detection of joints with subchondral cyst, para‐articular ankylosis, and subarticular cleft lesions (P ≤ .05). Using gross pathology as the reference standard, CT had 100% sensitivity for detection of subarticular cleft and subchondral cyst lesions, with 56% and 22% specificity, respectively. Para‐articular ankylosis lesions were detected by CT but not by gross pathology. Findings supported the hypothesis that CT lesions reported in humans with degenerative sacroiliac joint disease are also present in dogs, and partially supported the hypothesis that CT is comparable to gross pathology for detecting joints with these lesions. 相似文献
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11.
C G Burns R J Boudrieau 《Veterinary and comparative orthopaedics and traumatology》2008,21(3):250-255
OBJECTIVE: To describe a modification of the tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) procedure that required tuberosity advancement in excess of 12 mm for the stabilization of cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) deficient stifle joints. METHODS: Four large breed dogs with CrCL deficient stifle joints (one bilateral) underwent a modified TTA of 15 or 16 mm in order to obtain a patellar tendon angle of 90 degrees to the tibial plateau slope or common tangent between femur and tibia in the extended limb position. The desired TTA was achieved by displacing a 12-mm cage distally; this displacement distance was calculated from two similar triangles formed within the planned osteotomy site. An allogenous cancellous bone block placed proximal to the cage provided buttress support; a corticocancellous allograft filled the remainder of the gap. Tibial tuberosity fixation was performed as previously described. RESULTS: Healing of the osteotomy defects with incorporation of the cancellous block was observed at a mean of 8.6 weeks postoperatively. Normal return of limb function was reported in all of the dogs except for one dog that underwent revision surgery four months postoperatively for a continued lameness. Technical errors at the time of the original surgical procedure in this dog resulted in insufficient tuberosity advancement; additional advancement was performed, which resolved the lameness. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Results in this series suggest that our modification of the TTA, in order to advance the tuberosity in excess of 12 mm, could be successfully obtained using the currently available implants. 相似文献
12.
H van Bree 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1992,201(12):1916-1917
The vacuum phenomenon was visualized in 20 of 100 scapulohumeral joints with osteochondritic lesions in 65 dogs. The phenomenon was associated with the finding of a cartilage flap, lack of joint effusion, and clinical signs of pain and lameness. The vacuum phenomenon was not observed on radiography of 30 clinically normal contralateral joints, and it could not be induced in 36 clinically normal scapulohumeral joints radiographed under stressed extension. 相似文献
13.
OBJECTIVE: To determine clinical, scintigraphic, radiographic, and arthroscopic findings and results of treatment in horses with lameness attributable to subtle osteochondral lesions of the shoulder joint. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 15 horses. PROCEDURE: Medical records were reviewed, and results of physical examination, scintigraphy, radiography, arthroscopy, and treatment were recorded. RESULTS: Severity of lameness ranged from grade 1 to 4. Response to shoulder flexion or extension was variable. Twelve horses had a narrow upright foot. Intra-articular anesthesia of the shoulder joint localized the cause of the lameness to the shoulder joint in 9 of 10 horses. Scintigraphic abnormalities were detected in 4 of 6 horses. Radiographic lesions were subtle and included glenoid sclerosis, focal glenoid lysis, small glenoid cysts, and alterations in the humeral head contour. Arthroscopic evaluation confirmed clefts in the glenoid cartilage, glenoid cysts, a humeral head cyst, fibrillation of the humeral head cartilage, cartilage fragmentation, or a nondisplaced fracture of the humeral head. After treatment, 12 horses returned to their previous level of performance, 1 was sound for light riding, 1 remained lame, and 1 was euthanatized because of chronic lameness. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that a combination of physical examination, scintigraphy, and radiography is necessary to diagnose subtle osteochondral lesions of the shoulder joint in horses. Arthroscopy can be used to confirm the diagnosis and treat cartilage and subchondral bone lesions. Young and middle-aged horses with subtle osteochondral lesions of the shoulder joints have a good prognosis for return to performance following arthroscopic treatment. 相似文献
14.
Rupture of the biceps brachii tendon sheath was diagnosed in two dogs which were presented with chronic thoracic limb lameness. In each case, diagnosis was achieved by positive contrast arthrography, which revealed obvious leakage of contrast agent from the distal portion of the tendon sheath. Arthroscopy was performed in each affected shoulder joint and no other significant lesions were found. In one dog, concomitant bicipital tendinopathy was confirmed by histopathology. Both dogs were treated by bicipital tendon transposition, and tenodesis and both showed improvement in the degree of lameness following surgery. Tearing of the biceps brachii tendon sheath has not been reported previously but should be included in the differential diagnosis for shoulder lameness in the adult dog. 相似文献
15.
Paul Y. Barthez DrMéd Vét Joe P. Morgan DVM Vet med dr 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1993,34(5):325-330
This paper describes seven dogs with traumatic bicipital tenosynovitis in which complete clinical, radiographic, and surgical evaluations were performed. All were adult dogs of medium to large breed and were presented with a chronic front limb lameness of several months' duration and shoulder muscle atrophy. Survey radiographs of the scapulohumeral joint showed new bone production almost exclusively in the region of the biceps tendon, i.e., the intertubercular groove and the supraglenoid tuberosity. Arthrograms in six of seven dogs revealed difficulty in filling or irregular filling of the bicipital tendon sheath, best seen on the mediolateral view of the shoulder. On surgical exploration, macroscopic lesions of the tendon and/or the sheath were observed in all dogs and included adhesions, fibrosis, scar tissue, edema, and thickening. Partial tear of the tendon was observed in three dogs. 相似文献
16.
LEONIE W. L. VAN BRUGGEN HERMAN A. W. HAZEWINKEL CLAUDIA F. WOLSCHRIJN GEORGE VOORHOUT YVONNE W. E. A. POLLAK PAUL Y. BARTHEZ 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2010,51(3):344-348
Few reports have been published regarding the use of scintigraphy in the diagnosis of elbow joint lameness in dogs. Some authors have speculated about the potential use of bone scintigraphy and its suspected high sensitivity for the early diagnosis of abnormalities of the medial coronoid process (MCP) in dogs. Scintigraphy is used routinely in our institution in dogs presented for thoracic limb lameness and/or suspected of abnormalities of the MCP when radiographic findings were equivocal. Radiographic, scintigraphic, and surgical findings of the elbow joints of 17 dogs with elbow joint lameness were compared with radiographic, scintigraphic, and necropsy findings of the elbow joints of 12 clinically healthy Labrador Retrievers. Quantitative evaluation of scintigraphic images was performed to determine relative radiopharmaceutical uptake in the region of the MCP. Maximum relative uptake of the coronoid process in the normal dogs was taken as a threshold value to classify elbows as positive or negative for an abnormal MCP after all 24 elbows of the 12 healthy dogs were confirmed as being normal at necropsy. All 17 elbows from lame dogs were positive on scintigraphy and confirmed as having chondromalacia, a fissure, or fragmentation of the MCP. Based on our results, bone scintigraphy may be a valuable diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of abnormalities of the MCP in dogs, and particularly in older dogs where clinical and radiographic changes may be ambiguous. 相似文献
17.
CHRISTINA STAHL CHRISTINE WACKER URS WEBER FRANCK FORTERRE PAUL HECHT JOHANN LANG DANIELA GORGAS 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2010,51(4):380-385
Pelvic limb lameness that was localized clinically to the lateral gastrocnemius head was observed in dogs without history of trauma. The aim of this retrospective study was to describe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of this condition. Nine dogs were identified, eight Border Collies and one Australian Shepherd. They all had chronic pelvic limb lameness; no signs of joint effusion or instability were present. In MR images there was high signal intensity in the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle around the sesamoid bone in T2‐weighted, T2*‐weighted, and STIR images and an iso‐ to mildly hyperintense signal in T1‐weighted images with marked contrast enhancement. The abnormal signal intensity most likely represents a myotendinous strain. The breed affiliation to Border Collies is striking, and a relation to biomechanical forces or motion pattern may be possible. Except for the dog with the most extensive lesion all dogs had an excellent outcome. 相似文献
18.
A 10‐YEAR‐OLD, male neurered golden retriever presented with a three‐month :history of intermittent left thoracic limb lameness. The owner reported that the lameness was worse on uneven ground and after exercise. At times, while resting, the dog held the left thoracic limb off the ground. The lameness had partially responded to non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatories and strict rest, bur had deteriorated again after the exercise level was increased. On examination, flexion of both carpiillicited pain responses in the animal. The dog was 3/10 lame on the left thoracic limb. 相似文献
19.
W G Keller J N Chambers 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1989,195(10):1382-1384
Congenital malformation of the carpal joint in a young dog resulted in a progressive lameness. Traumatic disruption of the carpus in another dog resulted in carpal bone necrosis, infection, and chronic instability. Radial metacarpal arthrodesis was performed in both dogs. The diseased carpal bones were excised, sparing the accessory carpal bone in both dogs. Radial metacarpal arthrodeses were then performed, using bone plate fixation. In the dog with the malformed limb, the gait had improved, but intermittent lameness was still present 8 months later because of an associated malarticulation of the cubital joint. The dog with the traumatized carpus had little or no lameness associated with normal activity for 32 months. 相似文献
20.
Tromblee TC Jones JC Bahr AM Shires PK Aref S 《American journal of veterinary research》2007,68(8):858-871
OBJECTIVE: To test the effects of computed tomography (CT) image plane and window settings on diagnostic certainty for CT characteristics associated with dysplastic elbow joints (elbow joint dysplasia) in dogs and to provide optimal display guidelines for these CT characteristics. SAMPLE POPULATION: CT images of 50 dysplastic elbow joints from 49 lame dogs and 10 elbow joints from 5 sound dogs. PROCEDURES: CT image data were obtained in transverse, sagittal, and dorsal planes. Each plane was examined by use of 3 Hounsfield unit (HU) window settings. Two veterinary radiologists independently evaluated sets of CT images for evidence of 7 CT characteristics. Effect of elbow joint status, image plane, and window settings on diagnostic certainty for these CT characteristics was tested by use of a visual analogue scale. RESULTS: Diagnostic certainty for abnormalities of the medial coronoid process (MCP) and radial incisure was highest in the transverse plane, subchondral defects or sclerosis of the trochlea humeri was highest in the dorsal plane, and joint incongruity was highest in the sagittal plane. Certainty for hypoattenuating subchondral defects or fissures was highest at 2,500 or 3,500 HUs, whereas certainty for subchondral sclerosis was highest at 1,500 HUs and lowest at 3,500 HUs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Diagnostic certainty for CT characteristics of elbow joint dysplasia in dogs was affected by image display variables. Diagnostic certainty for altered subchondral bone density was primarily influenced by window settings, whereas structural MCP abnormalities and joint incongruity were influenced most by image plane. 相似文献