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1.
J F Edwards R J Yedloutschnig A H Dardiri J J Callis 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1987,51(3):358-362
Virus isolation was attempted from 262 field samples of vesicular material collected during the outbreaks of vesicular exanthema of swine in the U.S.A. from 1952-54. Using primary swine kidney culture, viral cytopathogenic agents were isolated from 76.3% of the samples. However, an overall recovery rate of 82.1% was obtained after samples negative in tissue culture were inoculated intradermally in susceptible swine. All vesicular exanthema of swine virus isolates were identified as serotype B51 using complement fixation and serum neutralization tests. Two isolates did not react with antisera to known vesicular agents of swine and failed to produce vesicles or clinical signs of disease upon inoculation in swine. One vesicular exanthema of swine virus isolate from tissue of equine origin was pathogenic for swine but produced limited vesiculation at the site of intradermalingual inoculation in the tongue of a pony infected experimentally. Type B51 virus was reisolated from lesions produced in the pony and the pony became seropositive for virus type B51. 相似文献
2.
S S Lai P D McKercher D M Moore J H Gillespie 《American journal of veterinary research》1979,40(4):463-468
Pigs exposed to swine vesicular disease virus developed vesicular lesions by postinoculation day 2. Lesions first appeared on the coronary band and then on the dewclaw, tongue, snout, lips, and bulbs of the heels. The onset of viremia coincided with febrile response and the appearance of vesicles. Virus was isolated from the nasal discharge, esophageal-pharyngeal fluid, and feces as early as postinoculation day 1. Greater amounts of virus were isolated from samples collected during the first week of infection, and lesser amounts from samples collected during the second week. The appearance and the distribution of specific fluorescence in various tissues indicated that during the development of swine vesicular disease virus infection, the epithelial tissues were initially involved, followed by a generalized infection of lymph tissues, and subsequently, a primary viremia. Seroconversion was detectable as early as postinoculation day 4. A mild nonsuppurative meningoencephalomyelitis throughout the CNS was observed in both inoculated and contact-exposed pigs. The olfactory bulbs were most severely and were frequently affected, particularly in contact pigs. The most severe brain lesions were found in pigs 3 to 4 days after the onset of viremia; contact pigs showed more severe brain lesions than inoculated pigs. Microscopic changes were also found in the coronary band, snout, tongue, and heart. 相似文献
3.
Pigs inoculated intravenously with swine vesicular disease virus (UKG strain), those inoculated with coxsackievirus B5, and other pigs exposed by pen contact to the same viruses developed diffuse encephalomyelitis. Perivascular cuffing, with lymphocytes and formation of neuroglia cell foci, were most prominent in telencephalon, diencephalon, and mesencephalon. Encephalitis was of mild to severe intensity. Severity of lesions was more extensive and severe in the pigs exposed to swine vesicular disease virus. Pen contact exposure to either of the 2 viruses caused a more severe central nervous system reaction than did intravenous inoculation. The type and the distribution of lesions produced by the 2 viruses indicate that they may be related. 相似文献
4.
Shiow S Lai P.D McKercher D.M Moore J.H Gillespie 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1979,2(4):459-468
Coxsackievirus B5 (CB5) was serially passaged five times in pigs in an attempt to establish clinical disease. No clinical signs were seen although some pigs had a transient rise in rectal temperature. Viremia was not detected although virus was isolated from nasal swabs and fecal samples. No CB5 specific fluorescence or virus was detected in any tissues of five passages by immunofluorescent test and tissue culture methods, respectively.
Brain lesions were noted in all passages; extensiveness of lesions increased slightly up to the third passage although no evidence of increasing viral replication was found. No increase in brain lesions was found in the fourth and fifth passages. The development and progress of brain lesions were similar to but less extensive than those caused by swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) in most pigs examined. Contact pigs also showed more brain lesions than inoculated pigs. In some passages, microscopic changes also were found in the heart. All pigs exposed to CB5 had positive neutralizing antibody titres against CB5 and SVDV but became ill after challenge with SVDV. There was an anamnestic response to both viruses following challenge. 相似文献
5.
Visna-maedi-like disease associated with an ovine retrovirus infection in a Corriedale sheep 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A visna-maedi-like disease was found in a Corriedale sheep from which a retrovirus sharing the group antigen of visna-progressive pneumonia virus was isolated from lung, brain, and spleen. Clinically, the sheep had acute neurologic signs and dyspnea. Pathologic examination showed lesions similar to both visna and maedi. In the lung, there was a patchy interstitial pneumonia with marked lymphoid hyperplasia. Changes in the central nervous system were necrotizing nonsuppurative encephalitis of the brain stem, poliomyelitis of the cervical cord, and ependymitis and subependymal gliosis of the ventricles. Histologically, the central nervous system lesions seemed to have arisen sequentially, perhaps in response to bursts of virus replication as the agent underwent possible antigenic mutation. The severe lesions in both the central nervous system and lungs suggested a virus strain with dual tropism. 相似文献
6.
J E Collins D A Benfield W T Christianson L Harris J C Hennings D P Shaw S M Goyal S McCullough R B Morrison H S Joo 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》1992,4(2):117-126
A recent epizootic of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) in a Minnesota swine herd was investigated. Examination of a sow, neonatal piglets, and stillborn fetuses obtained during the epizootic from the affected herd revealed interstitial pneumonitis, lymphomononuclear encephalitis, and lymphomononuclear myocarditis in the piglets and focal vasculitis in the brain of the sow. Fetuses did not have microscopic lesions. No cause for the infertility and respiratory syndrome was determined. Therefore, attempts were made to experimentally reproduce the disease. Eleven 3-day-old gnotobiotic piglets exposed intranasally to tissue homogenates of piglets from the epizootic became inappetent and febrile by 2-4 days postexposure and had interstitial pneumonitis and encephalitis similar to that seen in the field outbreak. After 2 blind passages in gnotobiotic piglets, tissue homogenates were cultured on continuous cell line CL2621, and a cytopathic virus (ATCC VR-2332), provisionally named SIRS virus, was isolated. Gnotobiotic piglets exposed intranasally to the SIRS virus developed clinical signs and microscopic lesions that were the same as those in piglets exposed to the tissue homogenates, and the virus was reisolated from their lungs. This is the first isolate of SIRS virus in the United States that fulfills Koch's postulates in producing the respiratory form of the disease in gnotobiotic piglets and the first report of isolation and propagation of the virus on a continuous cell line (CL2621). The virus is designated as American Type Culture Collection VR-2332. 相似文献
7.
G R Robinson D J Wagstaff J J Colaianne A G Ulsamer 《American journal of veterinary research》1975,36(11):1615-1618
Hexachlorophene (HCP) intoxication in swine was studied as a possible model of HCP poisoning in human beings. Swine were topically or orally given HCP each day, and observations were made on central nervous system function, hematologic measurements, serum chemical analyses, necropsy, microscopic examination of tissues, and concentrations of HCP residues in blood and tissue. Intoxication was observed in orally exposed swine, but the syndrome was not consistently produced in topically exposed swine. Signs and microscopic lesions were all related to dysfunction of the central nervous system, e.g., incoordination, paresis, and status spongiosus. Occurrence of signs and lesions, mortality rates, and concentrations of HCP residue were positively correlated with the dosage of HCP given. 相似文献
8.
Aerosol exposure of eight pregnant sows to cell-culture- propagated Lelystad virus resulted in clinical signs characteristic of so-called mystery swine disease. After an incubation of 4-7 days, all sows were inappetant and listless for 6-9 days. Two sows developed a transient red-blue discolouration of the ears ('abortus blauw' or blue ear disease) accompanied by abdominal respiration, and two had a fever for one day only. One sow aborted at 109 days of gestation. The other seven sows, farrowing between 113 and 117 days of gestation, gave birth to numerous mummified, dead, and weak piglets. Of these seven, the mean number of piglets born dead to each sow was 4.6 and the mean number born alive was 7.7; 3.1 piglets per sow (40%) died within the first week. Lelystad virus was isolated from 31 piglets, which were born dead or died shortly after birth. Antibody was detected in precolostral blood samples or ascitic fluids of 23 piglets, a finding which demonstrated transplacental passage of the virus in six out of eight litters. We conclude that Lelystad virus is the causal agent of mystery swine disease. Since its aetiology is no longer a mystery, we propose the more appropriate name 'porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome (PEARS)'. 相似文献
9.
J Plana M Vayreda J Vilarrasa M Bastons R Rosell M Martinez A San Gabriel J Pujols J L Badiola J A Ramos 《Veterinary microbiology》1992,33(1-4):203-211
In March of 1991, a disease that affected pregnant sows and caused a high mortality in unweaned piglets was detected in Spain. Based on the clinical signs observed, mystery swine disease, which had been described recently in Germany, Holland and Belgium, was suspected. From the samples obtained from the affected farm, a filtrable agent (0.22 micron) was isolated on cell culture. It produced cytopathic effects, its replication was intracytoplasmic, it was sensitive to chloroform, and cross-reacted with a Lelystad reference serum. When inoculated into pregnant sows, the agent produced inappetence for 2-4 days, without hyperthermia. One of the sows aborted at 100 days of gestation; the two others had delayed parturitions (days 115 and 116). There was a mixture of healthy piglets, mummified fetuses, stillbirths and weak piglets. Microscopic examination of the lungs of healthy piglets killed at 8 and 12 days of life revealed the presence of interstitial pneumonia. The sera from the three sows at 39 days after infection cross-reacted with the Lelystad virus (titres > or = 1/640), whereas pre-inoculation sera did not recognize it (titres < or = 1/10). This is the first report from Spain of the isolation of an agent (antigenically related to the Lelystad virus), capable of reproducing the disease previously designated as mystery swine disease. 相似文献
10.
M C Thurmond A A Ardans J P Picanso T McDowell B Reynolds J Saito 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1987,191(8):965-970
The course of vesicular stomatitis in cattle was investigated in 2 dairy herds (A and B) located in the southern San Joaquin Valley of California. Cattle were examined and specimens were obtained for virus isolation and for serologic survey for one year after an epizootic in December 1982. All 33 lactating cows selected for study had oral lesions, but only 19 (58%) were drooling or frothing around the mouth. Lesions on feet and teats were not observed. The healing time (longer than has been reported previously) for oral lesions ranged from 34 to 59 days. The mean serum neutralizing antibody titer for all cows tested in both herds 21 days after clinical signs were first observed was greater than 1:512. The mean titer decreased in the first 11 months after the epizootic, but remained greater than 1:128, and then increased during December 1983. Vesicular stomatitis virus/New Jersey strain was not isolated from 239 blood samples, 235 swab specimens of oral cavities, 38 swab specimens of oral epithelium, 206 urine specimens, or 232 fecal specimens collected from cows; however, it was isolated from tongue epithelium of 3 cows at 1, 4, and 21 days after signs of frothing were first noticed. For 20 lactating cows brought into dairy A during the epizootic, a mean time of 8.9 days elapsed between time of entry and appearance of clinical signs of vesicular stomatitis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
11.
Mink became infected with San Miguel sea lion virus when fed ground meat from seal carcasses showing vesicular-like lesions in the skin. The mink also contracted the infection when they were fed San Miguel sea lion virus infected pig meat or cell culture propagated virus. San Miguel sea lion virus infection in mink was inapparent but the virus was isolated from blood and rectal swabs. Pigs treated similarly with the same virus preparations given to mink developed a severe vesicular disease syndrome similar to that produced by vesicular exanthema of swine. In a separate trial, pigs fed a large sample of commercial ground seal meat did not develop disease signs or antibodies. Further work is needed to assess the hazard of introducing San Miguel sea lion virus into swine on the same premises when potentially San Miguel sea lion virus infective seal meat is fed to mink. 相似文献
12.
Sixteen cesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived piglets were inoculated intranasally with porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), originally isolated from a pig affected with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). At 1 day postinoculation (PI), 3 of the 5 piglets in the uninoculated control group were moved to the room of inoculated piglets for contact exposure. Porcine circovirus type 2 was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in swabs from inoculated piglets from 1 day PI and from contact piglets from 2 days after cohabitation. Porcine circovirus type 2 was also detected in all serum samples but not in control piglets 7 days PI. Until the end of study, PCV2 was detected in swabs and serum samples by PCR but not in the control piglets. One inoculated piglet died suddenly without clinical signs 19 days PI. Beginning at 14 days PI, 5 piglets, including 1 contact piglet, had clinical signs of depression, anorexia, and icterus, and 1 inoculated piglet died 21 days PI. Most of the piglets exhibiting the above clinical signs became moribund and were necropsied 21 and 28 days PI. In the piglets that showed clinical signs, gross lesions, including icterus of liver and hemorrhage in stomach, and typical histopathological lesions of PMWS, such as lymphoid depletion and basophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies in lymph nodes and other tissues, were observed. Porcine circovirus type 2 was detected by PCR in all tissue samples except in those of the control piglets. Porcine circovirus type 2 was recovered from several tissue samples of the piglets necropsied until 35 days PI. In particular, PCV2 was recovered in high titer from most of the tissue samples of the piglets exhibiting clinical signs. Serum antibody against PCV2 was mostly detected in inoculated piglets and in contact piglets 14 and 21 days PI by an indirect fluorescence antibody test but was not detected in the piglets exhibiting clinical signs until 28 days PI. These results indicate that PCV2 was able to induce clinical PMWS in the absence of other swine pathogens and that there were significant differences in both the quantitative PCV2 distribution in tissues and the antibody response between the piglets that were infected and developed PMWS and those that were infected but remained healthy. 相似文献
13.
A virus was isolated from California sea lions (Zalophus californianus californianus) and northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) in 1972. It was later named San Miguel sea lion virus (SMSV). State and federal livestock disease control agencies became concerned, because SMSV was found to be indistinguishable from vesicular exanthema of swine virus and to cause (in laboratory trials) clinical signs in swine similar to those produced by vesicular exanthema of swine virus. Ground carcasses of northern fur seals, salvaged after harvesting pelts, are fed to mink on ranches in the United States. Domestic swine are kept on some of these same ranches. Samples withheld from lots of this seal carcass mink food were found to contain SMSV (serotype 5) in titers of 10(6.1) and 10(6.8) tissue culture infective doses. 相似文献
14.
Kim L Morley PS McCluskey BJ Mumford EL Swenson SL Salman MD 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2000,216(9):1399-1404
OBJECTIVE: To report clinical and serologic findings in horses with oral vesicular lesions that were consistent with vesicular stomatitis (VS) but apparently were not associated with VS virus (VSV) infection. DESIGN: Serial case study. ANIMALS: 8 horses. PROCEDURE: Horses were quarantined after appearance of oral lesions typical of VS. Severity of clinical signs was scored every 2 to 5 days for 3 months. Serum samples were tested for antibodies by use of competitive ELISA (cELISA), capture ELISA for IgM, serum neutralization, and complement fixation (CF). Virus isolation was attempted from swab specimens of active lesions. RESULTS: 2 horses with oral vesicular lesions on day 1 had antibodies (cELISA and CF) against VSV; however, results of CF were negative by day 19. Five of the 6 remaining horses were seronegative but developed oral lesions by day 23. Virus isolation was unsuccessful for all horses. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Horses were quarantined for 75 days in compliance with state and federal regulations. However, evidence suggests that oral lesions were apparently not associated with VSV infection. The occurrence in livestock of a vesicular disease that is not caused by VSV could confound efforts to improve control of VS in the United States and could impact foreign trade. Vesicular stomatitis is of substantial economic and regulatory concern. 相似文献
15.
Jack PJ Amos-Ritchie RN Reverter A Palacios G Quan PL Jabado O Briese T Lipkin WI Boyle DB 《Veterinary microbiology》2009,133(1-2):145-153
Definitive diagnosis of vesicular or vesicular-like lesions in livestock animals presents challenges both for veterinary clinicians and diagnostic laboratories. It is often impossible to diagnose the causative disease agent on a clinical basis alone and difficult to collect ample vesicular epithelium samples. Due to restrictions of time and sample size, once laboratory tests have ruled out foot-and-mouth disease, vesicular stomatitis and swine vesicular disease a definitive diagnosis may remain elusive. With the ability to test a small quantity of sample for a large number of pathogens simultaneously, DNA microarrays represent a potential solution to this problem. This study describes the application of a long oligonucleotide microarray assay to the identification of viruses known to cause vesicular or vesicular-like lesions in livestock animals. Eighteen virus isolates from cell culture were successfully identified to genus level, including representatives of each foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype, two species of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), swine vesicular disease virus, vesicular exanthema of swine virus (VESV), bovine herpesvirus 1, orf virus, pseudocowpox virus, bluetongue virus serotype 1 and bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1. VSV and VESV were also identified in vesicular epithelium samples, with varying levels of sensitivity. The results indicate that with further development this microarray assay could be a valuable tool for the diagnosis of vesicular and vesicular-like diseases. 相似文献
16.
17.
Neurological manifestations of canine distemper virus infection 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Canine distemper virus causes a multi systemic disease in dogs often with severe neurological signs. These signs are the result of viral replication in neurons and glial cells leading to grey matter lesions and demyelination. Inflammation leads to further destruction of the tissue. As extraneural signs are often lacking and only one localisation may be found on neurological examination, distemper may be difficult to diagnose. Myoclonus is almost pathognomonic for this disease but occurs in less than half of the cases. The inflammation of the central nervous system that occurs during the chronic stage of the disease can be detected on examination of the cerebrospinal fluid, in particular by determination of the IgG index. Viral antigen can be demonstrated in cerebrospinal fluid cells by fluorescent antibody techniques. The prognosis of nervous distemper is generally poor although dogs can recover from this disease. Treatment is largely supportive and symptomatic. The importance of regular vaccination is stressed. 相似文献
18.
19.
In the autumn of 1968 Pseudorabies was demonstrated in blue foxes (Alopex lagopus) on two fur farms in Jutland. The foxes had been fed with dead piglets from herds of swine belonging to the two farmers.At the same time the disease was diagnosed in piglets from these herds. At the two fur farms there were, respectively, 34 and eight foxes in all; respectively 26 and two died with signs of pruritus. Only few of the surviving foxes had had the opportunity to eat piglets. Eight weeks after the period of disease no antibodies against psedorabies virus could be demonstrated in serum of three surviving foxes.The virus content in various organs of six foxes submitted to the Laboratory was determined by titration in tissue cultures (Table 1).The results indicate that the spreading of virus from the port of entry of the virus to the brain must have occurred by nervous routes.The presence of virus in the tonsils of five of the six foxes and in the nasal mucosa of the sixth one, together with similar results from examination of dogs at this institute would seem to suggest that a transmission of the disease from these carnivores to other animals is possible.Based upon the high virus titers in the medulla oblongata and pons, and with reference to similar results of examination of dogs and to a previous publication on Pseudorabies in Danish red foxes, it is concluded that these tissues must be the material of choice for demonstration of Pseudorabies virus in these carnivores. 相似文献
20.
A W Smith D E Mattson D E Skilling J A Schmitz 《American journal of veterinary research》1983,44(5):851-855
A calicivirus was isolated from 3 dairy calves in a herd with persistent calf respiratory tract problems. This virus, named Tillamook calicivirus, was not neutralized by 18 different calicivirus-typing serums available. The agent caused only minimal lesions in 2 experimentally exposed calves, but did establish a persistent infection with virus shedding for 45 days, after which time the experiment was terminated. Experimentally exposed swine developed clinical vesicular lesions. The possible origins, disease potential, and relationships to the exotic animal disease agent, vesicular exanthema of swine are discussed for this first calicivirus isolate of bovine origin. 相似文献