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1.
杭州市城市土壤中重金属、磷和其它元素的特征   总被引：30，自引：0，他引：30  
Health implications of inhaling and/or ingesting dust particles with high concentrations of heavy metals from urban soils are a subject of intense concern. Understanding the geochemistry of these metals is key to their effective management. Total concentrations of heavy metals, phosphorus (P) and 8 other elements from topsoil samples collected at 82 locations in Hangzhou City were measured to: a) assess their distribution in urban environments; and b) understand their differentiation as related to land use. Metal mobility was also studied using a three-step sequential chemical fractionation procedure. About 8.5%, 1.2%, 3.6%, 11.0% and 30.3% of the soil samples had Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations, respectively, above their allowable limits for public and private green areas and residential use. However, in commercial and industrial areas, most samples had metal concentrations below their allowable limits. Statistical analyses revealed that the 16 measured elements in urban soils could be divided into four groups based on natural or anthropic sources using a hierarchical cluster analysis. Additionally, Cu, Pb, and P showed similar spatial distributions with significant pollution in commercial zones, suggesting vehicle traffic or commercial activities as dominant pollutant sources. Also, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Zn, Mn and Fe had the highest concentrations in industrial locations, signifying that industrial activities were the main sources of these seven metals. Moreover, the data highlighted land-use as a major influence on heavy metal concentrations and forms found in topsoils with large proportions of soil Cd, Co, Cr, and Ni found in residual fractions and soil Cu, Pb and Zn mainly as extractable fractions.  相似文献   

2.
The contamination of 27 urban topsoils has been assessed around two lead and zinc smelters (Metaleurop Nord and Umicore) in the North of France. Eighteen trace elements have been analysed (Ag, As, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, In, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Tl, Th, U and Zn). The investigation included the study of the vertical distribution of Cd, Pb and Zn as indicators of pollution. It was shown that Cd, In, Pb, Sb and Zn were major pollutants followed in lesser quantities by Ag, Bi, Cu and Hg. In addition, As, Ni, Se, Sn and Tl were present at levels slightly higher than regional agricultural values. The other elements (Co, Cr, Th and U) were at endogenous levels. The observations have highlighted the strong heterogeneity of the physico-chemical parameters of urban soils and the existence of heavy contamination of the under layers by Cd, Pb and Zn. A potential transfer of metals from the topsoil to the deeper layers and especially Cd and Zn, is not excluded. Indeed the soil rework is not the only factor explaining contamination level of the deeper layers of the studied soils. The comparison of the studied element concentrations in urban soils with nearby local agricultural values shows that the dust emission originating from the Metaleurop and Umicore smelters were not the only source of contamination. Thus a large contamination of the studied urban soils by Sb and In could be explained by domestic combustion of coal for heating.  相似文献   

3.
泉州市324国道泉州至塘头段路旁土壤中重金属来源分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
分析了泉州市324国道泉州至塘头段路旁土壤中14种重金属元素Sc、V、Fe、Mn、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Sn、Sb、Pb、Bi的含量,用富集因子和多元统计分析方法探讨了重金属的污染特征和可能来源。结果表明,Pb、Sn、Sb、Cd、Ni、Zn、Sc、Cu和Bi的含量均超过泉州市土壤背景值,污染较严重;Ni、Sb、Sn的高富集系数说明其受人类活动影响较大。相关分析和因子分析结果显示,上述14种元素主要有3个来源:Sn、Sb、Pb、Bi、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd主要来源于交通污染;As、Sc、Fe来源于人类工业活动;而Co、Mn、V主要来源于土壤母质。聚类分析的结果也验证了因子分析的结果。  相似文献   

4.
中南某锑矿及其周边农田土壤与植物重金属污染研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
袁程  张红振  池婷  於方  宋静  吴龙华 《土壤》2015,47(5):960-964
以南方某锑(Sb)矿区周边土壤与植物为研究对象,采集土壤与植物样品,测定其Sb、As、Cd、Zn、Pb浓度,研究土壤和植物中重金属的污染程度及富集特征。结果表明,矿区周边土壤受Sb污染严重,各采样点全量Sb为3.08~219 mg/kg,平均54.0 mg/kg,同时伴有As、Cd、Zn和Pb污染,其中Cd污染相对严重;但土壤中Sb与土壤As、Cd、Zn和Pb没有相关性,土壤As、Cd、Zn和Pb之间呈极显著的线性相关。矿区周边植物同样受到严重的Sb、As、Cd和Pb的污染,蔬菜可食部分Sb最高达2.05 mg/kg,存在较高的人体摄入风险,且蔬菜中As和Pb超标严重。所采集植物中水麻对Sb有较强的积累和转移能力,是修复Sb污染土壤的潜在植物资源。  相似文献   

5.
黄骅市土壤重金属空间变异特征及污染评价   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
为研究工业和经济高速发展对环渤海滨海生态脆弱区土壤质量的影响,以黄骅市为研究区,利用地统计学方法对黄骅市表层土壤中的Pb,Hg,Cd,Cr,As,Cu,Zn,Ni共8种重金属空间分布特点和污染状况进行了分析。结果表明:（1）Pb,Cd,Cu元素样点平均含量超过河北省土壤背景值,其他元素含量平均值均未超过,所有元素含量平均值都在国家土壤质量二级标准的范围内。（2）根据变异函数拟合发现,Pb,Hg,Cd,Cr,As,Cu共6种元素拟合于指数模型,Zn,Ni两种元素拟合于球状模型;Pb,Cd,Zn基底效应值为25%～75%,空间自相关程度一般,其空间分布格局受到一定外界干扰。其他元素基底效应值均在25%以下,空间自相关性比较强,空间分布格局受外部影响相对较小。（3）根据克里格内插预测发现,Pb,Cd,Cu整体含量高,区域离散分布;Cr,Zn,Ni整体含量低,连续集中分布;As元素成岛状分布,分布集中于几个区域;Hg成散点状分布于黄骅全县。（4）通过计算内梅罗污染指数可知,黄骅市土壤内梅罗污染指数大部分处于1.0～2.0,属于轻度污染状态;吕桥镇中部和齐家务乡西部污染指数最高,属于污染最严重的地区。工业生产和地质环境是影响土壤重金属元素空间分布的主要原因。  相似文献   

6.
上海市区街道灰尘重金属污染研究   总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10  
对上海市区街道灰尘重金属的分布特征、赋存形态及其生物有效性进行了研究,结果表明,市区街道灰尘中Pb、Cu、Ni和Zn的平均含量分别为264、182、86和673 mg kg-1,远高于上海市土壤环境背景值;重金属含量空间分布差异较大,Cu、Pb和Zn污染中心区主要位于商业区和内环线附近,Ni污染中心区主要位于外环线附近;市区街道灰尘中Pb主要以铁锰氧化物结合态存在,Cu主要以有机物结合态存在,Ni主要以残渣态和铁锰氧化物结合态存在,Zn主要以残渣态存在;其生物有效性表现为:Ni≈Pb>Zn>Cu。  相似文献   

7.
以江苏昆山市为典型区,对长三角地区土壤盐酸可提取态重金属含量的结构特征进行分析,得出该区盐酸可提取态重金属的空间分布格局并揭示了引起这种分布格局的成因和污染来源,结果表明：昆山市盐酸可提取态Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn、Hg属强变异,Ni和Co为中等变异。半方差函数模型拟合表明所有盐酸可提取态重金属元素均符合球状模型,8种重金属元素在一定范围内均存在空间相关性。采用Kriging最优内插法得到了盐酸可提取态重金属含量的空间分布格局,表明土壤盐酸可提取态重金属含量与工业活动、污水灌溉和大气降尘密切相关。通过主成分分析与地统计学相结合的方法,得出该区盐酸可提取态重金属由4个主成分构成,第一主成分为Cd、Cu、Pb、Cr和Zn,决定这一成分的主要因素为工业污水灌溉、大气降尘和元素地球化学特征;第二主成分为Ni,决定这一成分的主要因素为土壤内部因子;第三主成分为Hg,该成分主要受工业点源污染的影响;第四主成分为Co,该成分可能主要受地形影响。  相似文献   

8.
M. DAYANI  J. MOHAMMADI 《土壤圈》2010,20(5):568-577
Due to the lack of regulation and environmental education and awareness, Sepahanshahr located in vicinity of Isfahan City, central Iran, is now a rapid growing residential area suffering from the considerable consequences of poorly regulated mining activities operating in its vicinity. A survey was carried out on soil Pb, Zn and Cd concentrations around Sepahanshahr Town to explore the spatial structure of Pb, Zn and Cd distribution and to map their concentrations using geostatistical techniques. 100 near-surface soil samples were collected and analyzed for Pb, Zn and Cd and some related soil physical and chemical variables such as pH, organic matter content, electrical conductivity, and clay, silt and sand contents. The variography results showed a strong spatial dependency in heavy metals concentration due to the dilution effects of natural factors including atmospheric dispersion and precipitation. The almost same range values calculated for both ln-transformed Pb and sand data suggested presence of spatial co-regionalization. However, ln-transformed Zn data showed a shorter spatial dependency among the three tested heavy metals. Kriged maps of all three heavy metals showed a strong gradient of contamination around the three mining sites activating in the area. The results of this study provide insight into identification of the extent and spatial variability of Pb, Zn and Cd pollution in the mining sites and surrounding urban areas.  相似文献   

9.
The bottom sediments of Sörfjord, West Norway, contain unusually high concentrations of Ag, Ba, Bi, Cd, Cu, In, Pb, Sb, Sn, and Zn. The concentrations of Zn and Pb reach ～ 10% by weight in some sediments. The concentrations of most of the elements are positively correlated, those of Pb, Cd, and Cu with Zn being particularly well developed; correlations also exist between Sb and Zn, and Ag and Cu. The concentrations of the metals in the bottom sediments decrease southwards and northwards from a locality close to a source of industrial waste.  相似文献   

10.
Historical profiles of trace element concentrations were reconstructed from two mangrove sediment cores collected within the Ba Lat Estuary (BLE), Red River, Vietnam. Chronologies of sediment cores were determined by the 210Pb method, which showed that each respective sediment core from the south and north entrances of BLE provided a record of sediment accumulation spanning approximately 100 and 60 years. The profiles of Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, V, Co, Sb, and Sn concentrations markedly increased from the years of the 1920s–1950s, and leveled out from 1950s–1980s, and then gradually decreased from 1980s to present. The profiles of Cd and Ag concentrations increased from 1920s–1940s, and then decreased from 1940s to present. The profile of Mo concentrations progressively increased from 1920s–1980s, then decreased to present. The Mn concentrations failed to show a clear trend in both sediment cores. Results from contamination factors, Pearson’s correlation, and hierarchical cluster analysis suggest that the trace elements were likely attributed to discharge of untreated effluents from industry, domestic sewage, as well as non-point sources. Pollution Load Index (PLI) revealed levels higher than other mangrove sediment studies, and the long-term variations in PLI matched significant socioeconomic shifts and population growth in Vietnam. Geoaccumulation Index showed that mangrove sediments were moderately polluted by Pb and Ag, and from unpolluted to moderately polluted by Zn, Cu, and Sb. The concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, and Cd exceeded the threshold effect levels and effect range low concentrations of sediment quality guidelines, implying that the sediments may be occasionally associated with adverse biological effects to benthic organisms.  相似文献   

11.
As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb and Zn concentrations were determined in two earthworm species (Allolobophora rosea and Nicodrilus caliginosus) from a mining and industrial area in northern Kosovo and compared with their contents in the bulk soil and the main soil fractions. Earthworm specimens were collected at fifteen sites located at different distances from a Pb–Zn smelter along a gradient of decreasing contamination. Individuals of A. rosea and N. caliginosus showed similar tissue levels of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb and Zn, suggesting that earthworm species belonging to the same eco-physiological group have a similar propensity to uptake and bioaccumulate heavy elements. Cd, Pb, Sb and Zn concentrations in both earthworm species were positively correlated with the respective total soil contents and generally decreased with distance from the smelter. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF) revealed that Cd and Zn were the only elements bioaccumulated by earthworms. The rank order of BAF values for both species was as follows: Cd > > Zn > > Cu > As = Pb = Sb. The absorption of Cd, Pb, Sb and Zn by earthworms mostly depended on the extractable, reducible and oxidable soil fractions, suggesting that the intestine is likely the most important uptake route. The extractable soil fraction constantly influenced the uptake of these heavy elements, whereas the reducible fraction was important mainly for Pb and Zn. The water soluble fraction had an important role especially for the most mobile heavy elements such as Cd and Zn, suggesting that dermal uptake is not negligible. As a whole, the analytical data indicate that soil fractionation patterns influence the uptake of heavy elements by earthworms, and the extractable fraction is a good predictor of heavy element bioavailability to these invertebrates in soil.  相似文献   

12.
Sterckeman  T.  Douay  F.  Proix  N.  Fourrier  H.  Perdrix  E. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2002,135(1-4):173-194
Ag, As, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, In, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn,Tl, Th, U and Zn contamination of cultivated surfacehorizons has been assessed around two lead and zincsmelters in the North of France. The verticaldistribution of Ag, As, Bi, Cu, Hg, Se, Sb and Tl inthe soils has also been examined. The soils around thelead and zinc smelter at Noyelles-Godault arecontaminated by Ag, As, Bi, Cd, Cu, Hg, In, Ni, Pb, Sb,Se, Sn, Tl and Zn. The original concentration in themost contaminated soils may be multiplied by a factorof around 2 to 100, according to the element. Cadmium,Pb and Zn are the most abundant contaminants. The Pband Zn concentrations are correlated to those of theother contaminants, with the exception of Se. Aroundthe Auby zinc smelter, there is a contamination by thesame elements, but in different proportions, inaddition to Cr contamination. Contamination by Se canreach a depth of around 1 m, whereas contamination byAg, As, Bi, Cu, Hg, Sb and Tl is confined to the top 30cm. Although the contaminant content in most soilsdepends on the distance from the plant, Secontamination would appear to vary to a greater extentaccording to the physico-chemical soil conditions.  相似文献   

13.
Phosphorus （P） is necessary for growth and nitrogen fixation, and thus its deficiency is a major factor limiting legume production in most agricultural soils. The effect of phosphorus supply on nodule development and its role in soybeans （Glycine max L.） was studied in a nutrient solution. Plants were inoculated with Bradyrhizobium japonicum and grown for 35 days in a glasshouse at a day and night temperature of 25℃ and 15℃, respectively. Although increasing P supply increased the concentrations of P and N in the shoots and roots, the external P supply did not significantly affect the P concentration in the nodules, and the N fixed per unit nodule biomass decreased with increasing P supply. The nitrogen content in the shoots correlated well with the P content （r=0.92＊＊）. At an inoculation level of 10^2 cells mL^-1, the P supply did not affect the number of nodules; however, at inoculation levels of 10^3.5 and 10^5 cells mL^-1, increasing P supply increased both the number and size of nodules. Irrespective of the inoculation level, increasing P supply increased the nodule biomass relative to the biomass of the host plant. It is suggested that the P deficiency specifically inhibited the nodule development and thereby the total N2 fixation.  相似文献   

14.
Health implications of inhaling and/or ingesting dust particles with high concentrations of heavy metals from urbansoils are a subject of intense concern. Understanding the geochemistry of these metals is key to their effective management. Total concentrations of heavy metals, phosphorus (P) and 8 other elements from topsoil samples collected at 82locations in Hangzhou City were measured to:a) assess their distribution in urban environments;and b) understand theirdifferentiation as related to land use. Metal mobility was also studied using a three-step sequential chemical fractionationprocedure. About 8.5%, 1.2%, 3.6%, 11.0% and 30.3% of the soil samples had Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations,respectively, above their allowable limits for public and private green areas and residential use. However, in commercialand industrial areas, most samples had metal concentrations below their allowable limits. Statistical analyses revealedthat the 16 measured elements in urban soils could be divided into four groups based on natural or anthropic sourcesusing a hierarchical cluster analysis. Additionally, Cu, Pb, and P showed similar spatial distributions with significantpollution in commercial zones, suggesting vehicle traffic or commercial activities as dominant pollutant sources. Also, Cd,Co, Cr, Ni, Zn, Mn and Fe had the highest concentrations in industrial locations, signifying that industrial activities werethe main sources of these seven metals. Moreover, the data highlighted land-use as a major influence on heavy metalconcentrations and forms found in topsoils with large proportions of soil Cd, Co, Cr, and Ni found in residual fractionsand soil Cu, Pb and Zn mainly as extractable fractions.  相似文献   

15.
Zhang  Zhaoxue  Zhang  Nan  Li  Haipu  Lu  Yi  Wang  Qiang  Yang  Zhaoguang 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2019,19(12):4042-4051
Purpose

This study aimed to reveal spatial distribution of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, V, and Zn in paddy soils in the Zijiang River basin and to evaluate its pollution status and potential ecological risks, and thus to provide basic information for rational utilization of paddy soils in the study area.

Materials and methods

The heavy metal(loid) concentrations in one hundred and thirty-five paddy soil samples (these samples were collected from the top 0–20 cm layer) were measured by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry. The spatial distribution characteristics of the heavy metal(loid)s were depicted by the Ordinary Kriging interpolation analysis. The contamination degree and potential ecological risks of the heavy metal(loid)s in paddy soils were assessed by Nemerow’s comprehensive index, geoaccumulation index, potential ecological risk factor, and potential ecological risk index. The potential sources of the heavy metal(loid)s were deduced by Pearson’s correlation analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, and principal component analysis.

Results and discussion

The mean concentrations of the heavy metal(loid)s decreased in the order of Mn?>?V?≈?Zn?>?Cr?>?Ni?≈?Pb?>?Cu?≈?Sb?>?As?>?Cd. Except for Cd and Sb, the mean concentrations of As, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn were close to the background reference values. The concentration of Cd in 94.8% of samples exceeded the soil quality standard value (grade II, 5.5?<?pH?<?6.5, GB 15618–1995). According to the assessments of pollution and potential ecological risks for the heavy metal(loid)s, 45.2% and 46.7% of samples were severely polluted and moderately polluted, respectively. The potential sources analysis indicated that Cd, Sb, and Zn mainly originated from agricultural, mining, and smelting activities; As, Cu, and Pb mainly originated from agricultural activities, while coal combustion by-products was another major source of these heavy metal(loid)s in paddy soils near the thermal power plant in the southwest corner of the study area; Cr, V, Mn, and Ni mainly originated from natural source.

Conclusions

Cadmium and Sb are the main contaminants in paddy soils in the study area, and there are hot-spot pollution areas.

  相似文献   

16.
贵阳市城区土壤重金属分布特征及污染评价   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  
王济  张浩  曾希柏  白玲玉 《土壤》2010,42(6):928-934
调查了贵阳市不同功能区表层土壤中重金属含量及其分布特征,以基线为参比值,采用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法对重金属的潜在生态风险进行了评价。结果表明,贵阳市城区土壤重金属(Hg、Cd、As、Pb、Cr、Cu、Ni、Zn)主要来源于工业、交通以及燃煤等活动,其平均含量分别为0.108、0.320、20.53、22.17、35.71、64.87、48.65、217.90mg/kg,除Cr外,均显著高于相应基线。工矿区土壤中Pb、Zn含量显著高于其他功能区(p0.05)。Hg和Cd是主要的生态危害因子,其污染已达强生态危害水平,其余均显示为轻微生态危害水平;不同功能区土壤重金属污染均已达强生态危害水平,且污染程度依次是:商务区工矿区文教区居民区城市绿地交通区。  相似文献   

17.
天津市不同土地利用方式下土壤重金属污染特征及评价   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
[目的]查明天津市土壤重金属污染的现状及污染源,为防治土壤重金属污染提供理论依据。[方法]选择天津市工业用地、一般农田、水源地、养殖场及蔬菜基地土壤为研究对象,共采集146个样品。通过分析不同土地利用方式下的土壤重金属含量,采用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法评价重金属污染程度,并对重金属的来源进行解析。[结果]天津市土壤整体污染水平相对较轻,但土壤中均存在不同程度的重金属积累。Pb,Ag和Cd重金属污染面积较大,超标率分别为84.25%,76.71%和68.49%。不同土地利用类型影响到重金属的积累程度和积累类型。在研究区的5种土地利用方式中,蔬菜基地土壤中总重金属的累积程度最高,主要重金属包括Cd,Hg,As,Cr,Cu,Ni,V,Mn,Co和Ag等。工业用地土壤中的Zn污染显著高于其他土地利用方式,而农田土壤和畜禽养殖场土壤中的Pb污染较显著。[结论]天津市土壤污染水平相对较轻。但从土地利用方式来看,工业用地、农田和畜禽养殖场土壤Pb及Zn等污染较重,在土地利用和管理中应该予以关注。  相似文献   

18.
污灌区土壤重金属空间结构与分布特征   总被引：7，自引：6，他引：7  
该文探讨了地统计学插值模型应用于土壤重金属污染评价的适用条件,分析了北野场污灌区土壤重金属的正态分布特征和主导分布趋势,提出了不同重金属因子适宜的地统计插值模型。结果表明:土壤重金属空间变异系数处于12%～37%之间,整体变异性不大;Pb、Cd等因子的块金效应分别为0.90、0.87,空间相关性较弱,受人为随机因素的影响较大,As、Cr、Zn、Cu值等因子的块金效应分别为0.52、0.51、0.51和0.46,空间相关性中等,受人为随机因素和空间结构因素的共同作用,Hg和Ni的块金效应分别为0.253和0.06,空间相关性较强,受空间结构性因素的影响较大,可能受原生地质的影响较大。污灌区重金属含量存在增加趋势,灌区土壤重金属含量自北向南总体呈现较少趋势,这与灌区上下游灌溉保证率不同有关,表明长期污水灌溉可导致土壤重金属富集,但与全国其他污灌区相比,北野场污灌区土壤重金属污染相对较轻,应加强污水处理利用避免土壤重金属污染。  相似文献   

19.
This paper reports the results of a study focused on the metal (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sb, U and Zn) distribution in soils and uptake and accumulation by earthworms Nicodrilus caliginosus (Savigny) from urban, peri-urban, green-urban and non-urban zones of Siena municipality (central Italy). The main goal was to define the influence of soil properties and metal soil contents on the uptake of these contaminants by earthworms. Data indicated that Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb and Zn soil contents increased in the following order: non-urban < green-urban < peri-urban < urban soils, suggesting that vehicular traffic affects the distribution of these metals. Pb and Sb were the main soil contaminants and their highest enrichments were found in urban sites where stop-and-go traffic occurs. Concentrations of these traffic-related metals in earthworms showed a distribution pattern similar to that in soil, suggesting that soil contamination influenced the uptake of Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb and Zn by N. caliginosus. There were significant positive correlations between Cd, Pb and Sb earthworm concentrations and their soil contents. The lack of correlation for Cu and Zn could be due to the physiological regulation of these elements by earthworms. Statistical analysis pointed out that the uptake and accumulation of Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb and Zn by earthworms were affected by some soil physicochemical properties such as the organic carbon and carbonate contents that are able to rule the bioavailability of metals in soils.  相似文献   

20.
贵阳市城区土壤重金属累积现状研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
由于快速的城市化、工业化,城市土壤质量不断下降。越来越多的重金属在土壤中积累,会给城市居民的身体健康带来威胁。以贵阳市城区为研究区域,在三个城区采集50个土样,调查城区土壤重金属的累积状况并探究其来源。结果表明:城区土壤As、Cd、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn的含量分别为16.8 mg kg-1、0.984 mg kg-1、66.1 mg kg-1、38.9 mg kg-1、79.5 mg kg-1、243 mg kg-1;三城区6种重金属分布特征总体上存在南明区>云岩区>小河区的趋势;南明区土壤重金属达到轻度污染,云岩和小河两区处于尚清洁状态,Pb和Zn为南明区土壤的主要污染元素,Cd是三城区土壤的主要污染元素;主成分分析和聚类分析显示Cd、Zn、Pb的可能主要来源是人为活动,As和Ni的来源是自然因素-成土母质,Cu的来源可能以人为活动为主。  相似文献   

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