共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
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通过79个辽宁松球壳孢菌菌株与4个A型和B型标准菌株、5个美国菌株在菌落和分生孢子形态方面的对比研究，发现辽宁的菌株在形态上基本一致。辽宁菌株与美国的类型A相近，主要表现在孢子表面平滑，通常无隔或有1个隔，在成品PDA培养基上产生绒毛状、白色至灰色菌落。不同之处在于，辽宁菌株在自制PDA培养基上形成贴在培养基表面的菌落——与类型B相似，分生孢子长度介于A型和B型之间或与后者相近。5个美国菌株与类型A一致。同时发现，培养基的来源对菌落形态研究非常重要；光照使菌落气生菌丝有所减少且出现绿色；培养基和寄主种类对孢子大小有影响。 相似文献
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不同地区来源的12个青枯病菌株菌落生长特征及桉树幼枝水培接种致病力差异显著,菌落形态存在一定的差异,但是菌株菌落生长与致病值之间没有明显的关联。菌株菌液浓度对致病值影响显著,随浓度提高而加强;用于试验的4个桉树无性系感病性统计上没有显著性差别。菌落生长主要集中在平板划线培养后的4天内;第4天时,平均大小从3.53～27.68 mm。虽然菌株间致病值差异显著,如剔除表现最强及最弱的2个菌株,其余菌株间致病值则没有差别,说明不同地区幼林林木在等同气候环境条件下,受青枯病危害的机率类似,但是,个别立地林分可能因特定病原菌株而受害严重。 相似文献
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研究淡紫拟青霉T-DNA插入突变体,鉴定突变体的表型特征,为淡紫拟青霉致病机制分析及致病相关的基因克隆奠定基础。PCR检测筛选的14株T-DNA插入突变体,观察和测定菌落形态,菌落生长速率,产孢量,孢子萌发率和菌丝干质量等生物学性状,并比较突变体致病力。结果表明突变体均含有beta-tubulin基因序列,T-DNA已整合进入野生型菌株20-7的基因组中。通过与野生型菌株对比,发现突变体菌落形态发生了不同程度的改变。菌落生长速率明显增大的菌株占全部菌株的85.71%,只有BN-11菌株的菌落生长速率降低。产孢量显著变大的菌株有BN-11和BN-12,为菌株总数的14.29%。孢子萌发率发生改变的菌株占78.57%。菌丝干质量发生明显增大和减少的菌株都占全部突变体的21.43%。筛选获得了1株致病力增强的突变体BN-11和11株致病力显著降低的突变体。 相似文献
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《福建林业科技》2020,(1)
油桐鹰尺蠖是危害速生桉树的重要食叶害虫之一,在我国南方大面积发生。为筛选出对该虫高效的生物防治资源,采用室内测定的方法测定6个不同来源的球孢白僵菌菌株(BbAX-07、BbFZ-51、BbFZ-58、BbMQ-08、BbMQ-02、BbQZ-05)生物学特性及其对油桐鹰尺蠖幼虫的致病力。结果表明:不同白僵菌菌株的菌落生长速度和产孢量间存在显著差异,菌落大小与产孢量呈正相关。BbFZ-58、BbAX-07菌株菌落直径和产孢量较其它菌株高,SDAY培养基上生长15d的菌落直径分别为6. 0、6. 3 cm,产孢量为1. 41×10~8、1. 35×10~8孢子·cm~(-2);接种这2个菌株15 d后,油桐鹰尺蠖幼虫校正死亡率分别达到96. 4%、90. 9%,僵虫率分别为73. 3%、71. 7%,致死中时(LT_(50))分别为4. 45、4. 72 d,均比其他菌株高。说明球孢白僵菌BbFZ-58、BbAX-07菌株对油桐鹰尺蠖的致病力强,可作为优良菌株进一步开发应用。 相似文献
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为获得对八角叶甲（Oides duporti）具有高致病力的白僵菌（Beauveria spp.）菌株，为利用白僵菌防治八角叶甲提供理论依据，采用组织分离法从感病的八角叶甲幼虫体内分离获得5株白僵菌菌株，测定其菌落直径、产孢量和孢子萌发率，采用浸虫法测定5个菌株对八角叶甲的毒力，并结合形态学与分子生物学，对菌株进行鉴定。结果表明，菌落直径最大的为菌株YJ-43；菌株YJ-22的产孢量和孢子萌发率均最高，毒力最强。形态学及rDNA-ITS序列分析结果显示，5个菌株均为球孢白僵菌（B. bassiana）。 相似文献
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板栗疫病菌营养体亲和性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对湖南、重庆两省11个区县市的栗疫病病原菌菌株进行了营养亲和性(VC)研究。结果表明，菌株间营养体的亲合性可分为菌株间亲合与菌株间不亲合两种类型，亲合性菌株表现为菌丝相互融合，菌落间抗衡区不明显；而不亲和的菌株可分为三种反应类型：I型为强不亲和，抗衡区两侧形成明显的分生孢子器带；Ⅱ型为弱不亲和，抗衡区无分生孢子器产生；Ⅲ型为中等不亲和，分生孢子器带只在抗衡区一侧形成，56个菌株被划分为30个VCC，只含单个菌株的VCG占大多数，并探讨了生物防治栗疫病的可能性， 相似文献
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A case of variability in Sphaero sis sapinea . Two isolates (type I and type II) of Sphaeropsis sqinea were isolated from the co lar of a declining Cedrus deo daa in the South of France. Cultural characteristics on PDA and MEA as well as conidial dimensions were compared with those of types A and B of S. sapinea described to occur in North America. Type II was similar to type A in respect to cultural aspects and growth but distinctly different in conidial dimensions. Slower growing type I was similar to type B. However, type I grew faster on PDA, had smaller conidia and lacked microconidia. Single-conidia isolates obtained from the four types showed stability of these characteristics. 相似文献
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松球壳孢菌的致病性研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
实验证明 ,国内供试松球壳孢菌 (Sphaeropsissapinea)的致病力明显高于美国的B型菌株 ,与A型相似 ,致病性较强。B型也能无伤侵入 ,只是发病率明显低于A型。伤口并不是病菌侵入的唯一途径 ,自新梢伸长至针叶发育完全期间 ,病菌可直接侵入树木当年嫩梢并使之枯萎 ;此后 ,随着梢部组织的不断成熟与老化 ,伤口对病菌侵入与危害的作用才得以显现出来 ,无伤接种时不发病或只产生部分枯叶。气孔也是病菌侵入的途径之一。病菌不但可侵入当年新稍 ,而且还可于枝梢的 2a和 3a生处有伤侵入 ,使之染病甚至死亡。油松(Pinustabulaeformis)、赤松 (P .densiflora)、彰武松 (P .densifloravar .zhangwuensis)较樟子松 (Pinussylvestrisvar.mongolica)抗病 ,且彰武松主要表现为“耐病”。幼龄的樟子松较大龄的抗病。树势削弱的枝梢抗病性能降低 ,发病快而重。潜育期和繁殖期的长短与寄主、树势、组织的成熟程度和气温等有关 相似文献
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Forty wildtype isolates of Sphaeropsis sapinea were grouped into the morphotypes A and B based on previously defined differences in cultural and morphological criteria as well as restriction sites for Dde I and Bst UI endonucleases in nuclear ribosomal DNA amplicons. Thirteen of 20 type A isolates and nine of 20 type B isolates contained detectable dsRNA (55%) of different molecular weight and size. dsRNA was transmitted into conidia at a frequency of 71–100%. By selecting single conidia, dsRNA‐free subcultures were obtained from six of 22 isolates containing dsRNA. Pathogenicity tests on expanding buds of landscape trees of three species of Pinus showed highly significant statistical interactions between isolate virulence, Pinus species, and year. Pine species‐year had a profound impact on virulence. The pattern in the interactions was revealed by principal component analysis of the interaction sums of squares of the anova (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction; AMMI). Pinus sylvestris was highly interactive in its susceptibility to S. sapinea with seasonal effects. P. nigra and P. resinosa were more stable. The interactivity analysis was used to apportion interaction to specific isolates to improve the accuracy of the estimates of virulence. Estimates of the relative virulence of isolates were predicted over five different Pinus species‐years. Isolates were ranked in virulence and interactivity using the AMMI model. This model permitted mean separation tests of the relative virulence among isolates over the combined Pinus species‐years. One isolate was identified as potentially having dsRNA‐mediated hypovirulence based on the significantly greater virulence of its isogenic, dsRNA‐free subculture, as expressed over the three Pinus species and 2 years. Type A isolates containing dsRNA ranged from stable to highly interactive and from low to high in virulence. Type B isolates containing dsRNA were similar in interactivity but virulence ranged from avirulent to moderate, seldom exceeding the mean for S. sapinea. dsRNA‐free isogenic subcultures tended not to express higher virulence than their dsRNA‐containing parent strains but often changed in interactivity. Therefore, in one year a dsRNA‐free subculture might be more virulent than its dsRNA‐containing parent. In another year the dsRNA‐free subculture might be less virulent. 相似文献
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Fungi identified as Sphaeropsis sapinea (or synonyms) have been reported from Larix. Lack of pathogenicity tests, confusion about the identity of isolates mentioned in previous literature, and existence of distinct populations (A and B morphotypes) of the pathogen indicated the need to evaluate the ability of S. sapinea to cause disease of larch. Elongating snoot tips of Larix decidua, Larix laricina, and known hosts of the pathogen, Pinus banksiana and Pinus resinosa, were inoculated with water-agar plugs colonized with an A or a B isolate, or sterile plugs (controls). Each of five replications included five seedlings for each treatment-species combination. After 6 weeks, no symptoms had developed on control seedlings, but two-way analyses of variance revealed significant effects of isolate morpnotype and host on both incidence and severity of disease (values of p ≤ 0.01). The A isolate killed almost all shoot tips, but the B isolate killed from no P. resinosa shoots to 56% of L. laricina shoots. The average length of shoot killed by the A isolate was also greater than that killed by the B isolate. Response to the B isolate again varied among species, with greater average lengths of shoot killed on the larches (compared with the pines). Both A and B morphotypes of 5. sapinea should be considered among the fungi encountered on L. decidua and L. laricina. 相似文献
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从北美东部引进红花七叶树、光叶七叶树、黄花七叶树、欧洲七叶树等在浙江桐庐开展引种栽培试验.连续4 a的引种试验表明,较之于浙江七叶树,北美产七叶树早期生长较慢,树高生长期较短.在引种的4种北美产七叶树中,黄花七叶树、红花七叶树和光叶七叶树生长表现较好,虽然在苗期和1 ～2年生时的叶和芽在夏季比渐江七叶树更易受高温灼伤,但随着树龄的增大,抗灼伤等适应能力增强,年生长量不断增加;而欧洲七叶树易受冻害,生长不良,不宜引种.观察发现,红花七叶树和光叶七叶树分别在1年生和3年生时就始花始果,黄花七叶树营养生长最旺,生长速度不亚于浙江七叶树.七叶树种子适时采收,并利用具有自动喷雾设施的温室大棚沙藏,可使七叶树失活和腐烂种子的比率低于10%.在气温较低的冬季采用小包装方式进行长途运输可保证七叶树种子的质量.通过种子沙藏催芽和切根移床可促进根系发达和苗木生长.在苗期,夏季高温期间宜用50%透光度遮阳网遮阳.圃地培育大苗要求控制定植密度,施足基肥,加强水肥管理,以利苗木生长. 相似文献
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Genetic relationships were studied among 23 isolates of Sphaeropsis sapinea collected from China, the United States, England, South Africa and Chile by using a random amplification of a polymorphic
DNA (RAPD) analytical method. One hundred and 35 DNA fragments were amplified with 12 random primers by a polymerase chain
reaction PCR technique and 96.3% were polymorphic. The genetic dendrogram based on RAPD analysis showed that the S. sapinea isolates could be divided into three types. Isolate CWS41 from Chile was separated genetically as the first type that was
different from other isolates and isolates F2 and J2 from China comprised the second group. The third RAPD group accommodated
other isolates including the B morphotype isolate CWS43 from the United States.
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Translated from Journal of Nanjing Forestry University, 2006, 30(1): 13–16 [译自: 南京林业大学学报] 相似文献
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北半球高卢蜜环菌的遗传多样性与分子鉴定 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
从北美、欧洲和中国收集２３个高卢密环菌菌株，ＰＣＲ扩增其rDNA的ＩＧＳ和ＩＴＳ区域，用ＡluI,HaeIII,HinfI和ＴagI四种限制性内切酶进行酶切，同时结合随机扩增微卫生（ＲＡＭＳ）多态性，对北半球的高卢蜜环菌的遗传多样性进行了分析，结果发现了高卢蜜环菌的６种ＩＧＳ－ＲＦＬＰ图谱类型，其中gal(B)和gal(D)是国内外无报道的新的ＩＧＳ－ＲＦＬＰ型，ＲＦＬＰ系统树发现该种有明显的大陆之间的遗传分化，存在中国，欧洲，北美和亚洲４个亚群体，ＲＡＭＳ分析表明北半球高卢蜜环菌存在亚洲，欧洲，北美－中国和北美－欧洲和北美－欧洲等４个高卢蜜环菌发育系，而且不同大陆的高卢蜜环菌具有较近的亲缘关系，而相同大陆的却具有不同的起源，特别是北美的高卢蜜环菌两个发育系异源性很高，北美东部的发育系同欧洲的关系比较近，而北西部的同亚洲关系比较近，同时表明ＲＡＭＳ技术是分析菌物种内遗传多样性的优越方法。 相似文献
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The aggressiveness of the A and B isolate groups (morphotypes) of Sphaeropsis sapinea on shoot tips and lower stems of Austrian pine (Pinus nigra) was compared. The distinct differences in aggressiveness between the two S. sapinea groups, previously reported for other conifers, are confirmed for Austrian pine. However, the relative aggressiveness of the B group isolate varied by site of infection. Although the B group isolate of S. sapinea was not aggressive on shoot tips of Austrian pine, it was aggressive on stems of this host. 相似文献