共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
2.
为了选育出泰乐菌素高产菌株,以弗氏链霉菌(Streptomyces fradiae)TL-15028菌株作为出发菌株,利用化学诱变、物理诱变以及复合诱变的方法对菌株进行诱变处理,比较不同诱变方法的诱变效果,通过诱变筛选出1株遗传稳定性好、且具有泰乐菌素和豆油抗性的菌株TLEU-1503,其发酵效价比出发菌株提高了36.5%,达到14124μg/m L,对泰乐菌素高效生产、品质提升具有重要意义。 相似文献
3.
4.
常压室温等离子体结合紫外诱变筛选红霉素高产菌株 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
利用常压室温等离子体射流诱变(ARTP)和紫外照射对红霉素产生菌进行复合诱变,得到4株产量明显提高的突变菌株,4株菌的平均发酵效价较出发菌株提高25.2%;其中一株(12#菌株)经发酵摇瓶验证,红霉素发酵单位可达10029单位/mL,比出发菌株提高了28.6%,且遗传稳定性良好。实验证明ARTP-UV复合诱变是一种简单高效的筛选方法。 相似文献
5.
为提高万古霉素(Vancomycin)发酵生产水平,选育出其发酵生产的优良菌株,以东方拟无枝酸菌(Amycolatopsis oriertalsis)菌株V1806作为原始菌株,利用EMS(甲基磺酸乙酯)、UV(紫外诱变)和ARTP(常压室温等离子体诱变)等单一诱变、复合诱变的方法,选育出1株遗传稳定性好、且对万古霉素耐受性强的菌株Vua-15,其中试发酵效价达到7863 mg/L,比原始菌株提高了74.3%。研究结果表明,复合诱变对东方拟无枝酸菌菌种选育的效果优于单一诱变,更易选育出符合预期的优良菌株。研究不仅对万古霉素工业化发酵生产具有重要意义,而且为其他产品发酵菌种的选育提供了一定借鉴。 相似文献
6.
研究旨在通过紫外诱变育种技术提高侧耳菌纤维降解能力,来提高其处理秸秆饲料的效率。试验以侧耳菌为出发菌株,进行紫外诱变,采用PDA培养基筛选生长速度较快的菌株,再经过含有87%秸秆的培养基进行复筛,选育高效纤维降解菌株。结果表明:以紫外线照射30 s为最佳诱变剂量,获得菌株P89,其木质素过氧化酶(Li P)和漆酶(Lac)活性分别为出发菌株的2.03倍和1.89倍,菌丝生长速度提高18.21%,木质素含量降低19.89%(P0.05),中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量分别降低5.28%(P0.01)和5.16%(P0.01)。菌株P89为本研究诱变筛选获得的开发秸秆资源优秀菌株。 相似文献
7.
《中国饲料》2016,(15)
以黑曲霉Aspergillus niger G27为初始菌株,制备原生质体。用亚硝基胍(NTG)对所制备的原生质体进行诱变,考察诱变效果。收集斜面菌丝体,经复合酶处理制备原生质体,分别于1×10-3mmol/m L NTG溶液中诱变处理0~60 min,考察菌株的死亡率、菌落变异率和产脂肪酶活性等。结果表明,原生质体再生率为7.5%。随着诱变时间增加,原生质体诱变死亡率、菌落变异率增加,并逐渐趋于稳定。初筛结果为随着诱变时间增加,脂肪酶活性标平均值降低,标准偏差值增加,变异系数值增加。NTG诱变时间为20~40 min时,出现比较多的正变菌株。经过复筛和验证试验,得到P316菌株脂肪酶活性为(394.3±12.9)U/m L,比出发菌株发酵酶活高22.9%;P388菌株为(385.1±11.4)U/m L,比出发菌株发酵酶活高20.1%。可见采用NTG诱变菌株的原生质体获得良好的诱变效果,结合筛选获得了2株遗传稳定的高产突变菌株。 相似文献
8.
测定了微波诱变(700 W)和紫外诱变(10 W)处理对木霉T-YS菌株菌落直径,菌丝干重及产孢量的影响。结果表明:2种诱变方式和诱变时间对木霉T-YS菌株生长具有明显的影响,并且其影响作用随着诱变方式和时间的不同而不同,尤其当微波诱变和紫外诱变时间分别为60 s和1 min时,培养后第2和3 d诱变的木霉T-YS菌株菌落直径、菌丝干重及产孢量显著高于对照。因此,微波和紫外诱变对木霉T-YS菌株生长具有显著的影响,且其最佳诱变时间分别为60 s和1 min。 相似文献
9.
《畜牧与兽医》2014,(6):12-15
以弗氏链霉菌CK6-6为出发菌株,分别采用紫外(UV)、甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)、紫外与氯化锂(LiCl)复合、甲基磺酸乙酯与紫外复合4种方法对其进行诱变。比较了4种方法的最大提高率、致死率、正变率及突变株的传代稳定性,结果发现诱变效果较好的为EMS与UV复合诱变,筛选出1株传代稳定菌株EU45-15,相对于出发菌株CK6-6,泰乐菌素产量的提高率为15.36%。经HPLC分析发现,它的最高活性组分A的含量高于对照,提高率为48.28%。同时利用豆油作为筛选物质对弗氏链霉菌进行定向筛选,筛选效果较好,筛出1株高产稳定菌株O3.6-8,效价提高率为12.15%。 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
Kidanemariam A Gouws J van Vuuren M Gummow B 《Journal of the South African Veterinary Association》2005,76(4):204-208
The in vitro activities of enrofloxacin, florfenicol, oxytetracycline and spiramycin were determined against field isolates of Mycoplasma mycoides mycoides large colony (MmmLC) by means of the broth microdilution technique. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of these antimicrobial drugs were determined for a representative number of 10 isolates and 1 type strain. The susceptibility of Arcanobacterium pyogenes to enrofloxacin, oxytetracycline and tilmicosin was determined by means of an agar disk diffusion test. The MICs of enrofloxacin, florfenicol, oxytetracycline and spiramycin were within the ranges of 0.125-0.5, 1.0-2.0, 2.0-4.0 and 4.0-8.0 microg/ml, respectively. This study has shown that resistance of MmmLC against enrofloxacin, florfenicol, oxytetracycline and spiramycin was negligible. All the field strains of A. pyogenes that were tested were susceptible to enrofloxacin, oxytetracycline and tilmicosin with mean inhibition zones of 30.6, 42.3 and 35.8 mm, respectively. Although there is lack of data on in vivo efficacy and in vitro MIC or inhibition zone diameter breakpoints of these antimicrobial drugs for MmmLC, the MIC results indicate that these 4 classes of antimicrobial drugs should be effective in the treatment of ulcerative balanitis and vulvitis in sheep in South Africa. 相似文献
13.
Spiramycin concentrations in plasma and genital-tract secretions after intravenous administration in the ewe 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
C C Cester M P Laurentie R García-Villar P L Toutain 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1990,13(1):7-14
Uterine infections are associated with reduced fertility in ruminant species. Spiramycin is a macrolide antibiotic potentially active against most of the microorganisms isolated from secretions of infected genital tracts. The present work investigated the ability of systemically administered spiramycin to enter genital secretions, by determining the disposition kinetics of the antibiotic in both plasma and uterine genital secretions. Five healthy ovariectomized ewes were given a single intravenous (i.v.) injection of spiramycin, at a dose of 20 mg/kg. Plasma and genital secretion samples were collected at predetermined intervals for 5 days post-injection. Blood was collected from the jugular vein while mucus was obtained by inserting polyurethane sponges into the vagina. The spiramycin concentration peak in genital-tract secretions was obtained 2.53 +/- 0.63 h after the i.v. administration. The mean residence time was significantly longer (P less than 0.01) in the mucus (18.31 +/- 3.24 h) than in plasma (6.99 +/- 2.53 h). An average mucus to plasma ratio of 7.87 +/- 3.00 was calculated from the area under concentration-time curves covering the period under study. These data indicate that after systemic administration to ewes, spiramycin is rapidly found in genital-tract secretions, at concentrations which are sufficiently high and persistent to suggest its use in the treatment of post-partum uterine infections. 相似文献
14.
C D K?nig 《The Veterinary quarterly》1983,5(3):122-127
In a comparative study the clinical efficacy of five different treatments of keratoconjunctivitis infectiosa ovis (KIO) were tested, namely an intramuscular injection of chloramphenicol base (dosage 15 mg/kg), spiramycin base (Suanovil dosages 10 to 25 mg/kg), oxytetracycline (Engemycine Forte, Terramycin LA, dosages respectively 5 and 10 mg/kg), tiamulin (Dynamutulin, dosage 10 mg/kg) and subcutaneous injection of procaine penicillin G, benzathine penicillin G. and dihydrostreptomycin in the lower eyelid. It appeared from these field trials that spiramycin base, oxytetracycline and tiamulin had a clearly positive effect on the clinical course of 'pink eye', although with tiamulin there was only a temporary effect (high percentage of relapses). In view of the field data the following dosage schemes are, for the time being, advised: spiramycin base (Suanovil), and oxytetracycline (formulation with a good biological availability) both 20 to 30 mg/kg and, if necessary, to be repeated on days 5 and 10 after the first intramuscular injection. The dosage scheme advised for tiamulin is 20-30 mg/kg to be repeated on day 3 and if necessary on days 6 and 9 after the intramuscular injection. In mild cases it is sufficient to rub the eyes with for example oxytetracycline eye-ointment, a few times a day. 相似文献
15.
H M Sutter J Engeli P Müller B Schneider J L Riond M Warner 《The Veterinary record》1992,130(23):510-513
The pharmacokinetics of spiramycin in pigs were investigated after intravenous and oral administration. The potential therapeutically effective blood level was established after a single administration and examined in a subsidiary five day study. The rapid intravenous injection of 25 mg spiramycin/kg bodyweight produced marked salivation in all the test animals. The elimination half-life (2.3 +/- 1.2 hours) was relatively short, in accordance with the total body clearance rate (27.3 +/- 10.1 ml/minute/kg). The high volume of distribution (5.2 +/- 2.2 litres/kg) was due to the accumulation of the drug in the body tissues. The maximum plasma concentration (4.1 +/- 1.7 micrograms/ml) after oral administration of 85 to 100 mg spiramycin/kg bodyweight was reached after 3.7 +/- 0.8 hours and the half-life of the elimination phase was 6.0 +/- 2.4 hours. The oral bioavailability was 45.4 +/- 23.4 per cent. Ad libitum feeding of a diet containing 2550 mg spiramycin/kg produced a steady state concentration of 0.96 +/- 0.27 micrograms/ml. This plasma concentration would provide a potentially therapeutically effective blood concentration against Mycoplasma species, Streptococcus species and Staphylococcus species. 相似文献
16.
C Friis E Erhardsen E B Madsen P Nielsen K Raun 《American journal of veterinary research》1991,52(8):1269-1273
Pharmacokinetic determinants of spiramycin and its distribution into the respiratory tract were studied in 2 groups of calves, 4 to 10 weeks old. Group-A calves (n = 4) were used to determine pharmacokinetic variables of spiramycin after IV (15 and 30 mg/kg of body weight) and oral administrations of the drug (30 mg/kg) and to measure distribution of spiramycin into nasal and bronchial secretions. Group-B calves (n = 4) were used to determine distribution of spiramycin into lung tissue and bronchial mucosa. Spiramycin disposition was best described by use of an open 3-compartment model. Mean (+/- SD) elimination half-life was 28.7 +/- 12.3 hours, and steady-state volume of distribution was 23.5 +/- 6.0 L/kg. Bio-availability after oral administration was 4 +/- 3%. High and persistent concentrations of spiramycin were achieved in the respiratory tract tissues and fluids. Tissue-to-plasma concentration ratio was 58 for lung tissue and 18 for bronchial mucosa at 3 hours after spiramycin administration and 137 and 49, respectively at 24 hours. Secretion-to-plasma concentration ratio was 4 for nasal secretions and 7 for bronchial secretions, and remained almost constant with time. Thus, spiramycin penetrates well into the respiratory tract, although the value in bronchial secretions is lower than that in lung tissues and bronchial mucosa. Calculations indicate that a loading dose of 45 mg/kg, administered IV, followed by a maintenance dose of 20 mg/kg, IV, once daily is required to maintain active concentrations of spiramycin against bovine pathogens in bronchial secretions. 相似文献
17.
C. D. W. König 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(3):122-127
In a comparative study the clinical efficacy of five different treatments of keratoconjunctivitis infectiosa ovis (KIO) were tested, namely an intramuscular injection of chloramphenicol base (dosage 15 mg/kg), spiramycin base (Suanovil® dosages 10 to 25 mg/kg), oxytetracycline (Engemycine® Forte, Terramycin® LA, dosages respectively 5 and 10 mg/kg), tiamulin (Dynamutulin®, dosage 10 mg/kg) and subcutaneous injection of procaine penicillin G, benzathine penicillin G, and dihydrostreptomycin in the lower eyelid. It appeared from these field trials that spiramycin base, oxytetracycline and tiamulin had a clearly positive effect on the clinical course of ‘pink eye’, although with tiamulin there was only a temporary effect (high percentage of relapses). In view of the field data the following dosage schemes are, for the time being, advised: spiramycin. base (Suanovil®), and oxytetracycline (formulation with a good biological availability) both 20 to 30 mg/kg and, if necessary, to be repeated on days 5 and 10 after the first intramuscular injection. The dosage scheme advised for tiamulin is 20–30 mg/kg to be repeated on day 3 and if necessary on days 6 and 9 after the intramuscular injection. In mild cases it is sufficient to rub the eyes with for example oxytetracycline eye‐ointment, a few times a day. 相似文献
18.
B. Bengtsson A. Franklin S. Jacobsson J. Luthman M. Horn af Rantzien 《Research in veterinary science》1991,50(3):301-307
Antibacterial drug concentrations in serum, tissue cage fluid (TCF) and subcutaneous tissue fluid (SF), sampled either by filter paper discs or by microcapillaries, were measured after single intramuscular injections of potassium penicillin-G (KPG), procaine penicillin-G (PPG) and spiramycin adipate in calves. Concentration-time curves had essentially similar profiles in serum and SF, but peak levels were lower and occurred later in SF. From approximately four hours after drug administration, penicillin-G levels in SF were similar to levels in serum after KPG as well as after PPG administration. Elimination half-life (t1/2) of penicillin-G in serum was similar to t1/2 in SF after PPG administration but was longer in SF than in serum after KPG administration. Spiramycin concentrations were higher in SF than in serum and the t1/2 of spiramycin in SF was longer than in serum. For all three drugs, the t1/2 was longer in TCF than in serum and concentration-time curves in TCF were characterised by a slow rise and decline. The two methods of sampling SF, by filter paper discs and by microcapillaries, gave similar but not identical results. Penetration into SF and TCF, measured as the total area under curve ratio, was better for spiramycin than for penicillin-G, but the latter drug had a higher penetration ratio to TCF in the first 12 hours. 相似文献
19.
Antibiotic concentrations were determined in the lacrimal fluid of sheep following subcutaneous application of penicillin/ dihydrostreptomycin into the lower eyelid, and intramuscular administration of spiramycin base, tiamulin, and oxytetracycline formulations. The penetration of penicillin and dihydrostreptomycin into the lacrimal fluid was poor. The spiramycin and tiamulin concentrations in the lacrimal fluid were 10‐ and 4‐fold higher than in the serum. The peak spiramycin concentration in the lacrimal fluid was 3.4 ±0.8 μg/ml at 8 h post injection (p.i.) and the drug could be detected at least 72 h p. i. For tiamulin and oxytetracycline (OTC) peak concentrations of 1.53 ±0.70 and 1.88 ±1.9 μg/ml, respectively, were achieved in the lacrimal fluid and these drugs could be detected 25 to 30 h p.i. The OTC and tiamulin concentration‐time curves for lacrimal fluid and serum were parallel, whereas for the spiramycin appearance in the lacrimal fluid was delayed. 相似文献
20.
Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) isolates were obtained from three multiple-age commercial layer farms on which live F strain vaccine had been administered to each replacement flock for at least 2 years. All such isolates had restriction endonuclease DNA and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis protein patterns characteristic of F strain. These cultures also hybridized in dot blot assays with both the MG strain-specific and species-specific DNA probes. In contrast, the original MG isolate that came from one of the farms before vaccination began clearly was not F strain. These results suggest that continuous use of live F strain vaccine in each replacement pullet flock on multiple-age commercial layer sites will result in displacement of the original field strain of MG with the vaccine strain. 相似文献