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甘露子，学名ｓｔａｃｈｙｓｓｉｅｂｏｌｄｉｉＭｉｑ．唇形科多年生草本。植株矮生，喜潮湿，可在多雨潮湿果园中间作；地下具横走的根茎，其上密生须根，末端有串珠状肥大块茎，可食用，是盐渍酱制的珍品。１ 植物学、生物学特征甘露子植株矮生、半匍匐，茎长３０～１２０ｃｍ，中上部挺立。叶片卵形或椭圆状卵形，长３～１２ｃｍ，两面均有短硬毛，叶缘具钝圆齿或锯齿，叶色正面暗绿，背面淡绿色。轮伞花序，通常６朵花，紫红色，多轮排列成长５～１５ｃｍ顶生假穗状花序。花期７月中旬至９月上旬，长达５０天，有观赏价值。茎叶有薄荷… 相似文献
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“八里桥绿萝卜”是青海省乐都县传统的地方品种。以该县碾伯镇八里桥村水质、土质最为适宜，栽培历史悠久、品质好、产量高，因而得名“八里桥绿萝卜”。２００１年全县种植面积达６００ｈｍ２，产品不仅占领了本省主要蔬菜市场，而且还销往甘肃、新疆、陕西、四川等省区。 一、品种特征特性 植株长势中等，株高４０～５０ｃｍ，叶片数１５～１８，深绿色，每个叶片上有互生小叶１９～２１片。肉质根为圆筒形（似盐水瓶状），长１５～１８ｃｍ，横径８～ｇｃｍ，单根重１．５～２ｋｇ，肉质根１／４入土，入土部分皮均为白色，地上３／４皮… 相似文献
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利用气培技术对观赏百合鳞片进行培养。结果表明：气培１４～１６天，鳞片基部形成愈伤组织，１６～１８天小鳞茎开始分化形成，２０～２７天，鳞茎分化率在９０％以上，７０天时，每片鳞片上小鳞茎数目为２～４个，最多的达７个，鳞茎直径０．２～１．２ｃｍ；小鳞茎分化一周后，鳞茎基部工始生根，以后出现根毛，根分化率在９０％以上；气培４０天时，小鳞茎顶部开始抽生叶片，叶片分化率为３０～６０％。母体鳞片总重量从气培开始 相似文献
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本校教学基地连续３ａ（年）采用冬前沟栽大苗越冬的方法繁殖生产用大白菜杂交种，平均每６６７ｍ２产量达８７．７ｋｇ，比春季小株繁种增产４０％以上，而且管理方便、成本较低。现将其主要配套技术总结如下。１ 播种与定植黄淮地区适宜的播种期为９月底至１０月初。苗龄２５ｄ（天）左右，当幼苗有４～５片真叶时即可定植。定植前按６０ｃｍ的行距开沟，沟深２０ｃｍ，上口宽３０ｃｍ，底宽１０ｃｍ。沟内撒施基肥，一般每６６７ｍ２施入硫酸钾复合肥５０ｋｇ、钙镁磷肥２５ｋｇ、尿素２５ｋｇ，撒入沟底并拌匀。然后开穴定植，株距３５… 相似文献
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以山东莲藕地方品种"齐头"为试材,采用田间池栽试验,在莲藕不同生育期动态取样,测定各器官的干物质量和氮、磷、钾养分含量,计算各生育时期养分积累量,明确莲藕干物质积累及氮、磷、钾的吸收规律,以期为黄河中下游地区莲藕合理施肥提供参考依据。结果表明:莲藕干物质积累呈"慢-快-慢"的变化趋势。膨大茎形成期是莲藕干物质积累最快的时期,积累速率为每株29.27 g·d^-1。根状茎膨大之前,干物质主要集中在叶片和叶柄中,膨大之后,叶片和叶柄中的营养物质逐渐向膨大茎中转移,膨大茎中干物质最终积累量占全株的66.68%。不同时期莲藕氮、磷、钾的吸收积累量不同。膨大茎形成期莲藕对氮、磷、钾的积累速率最大,分别为每株0.46、0.18、0.56 g·d^-1,积累量分别占全生育期的49.50%、31.49%、39.56%。整个生育期莲藕氮、磷、钾吸收积累量的比例为1∶0.62∶1.53。根状茎膨大之前,莲藕氮和磷主要集中在叶片中,钾主要集中在叶柄中,之后随着地下根状茎的膨大,叶片和叶柄中的养分逐渐向地下部分转移,成熟期地下膨大茎中氮、磷和钾积累量分别占全株积累总量的71.97%、69.54%和87.89%。综上所述,莲藕前期以营养生长为主,根状茎膨大之后,以贮藏生长为主,膨大茎形成期为莲藕生长的关键时期。 相似文献
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L. Abbey R. Kanton H. Braimah 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(6):803-805
SummaryThe study investigated the response of shallots to different levels of defoliation at different growth stages. The effect of cutting off 50%, 75%, and 100% of leaves of four, six, and eight week old shallot plants was assessed. Defoliation at an early stage of growth, i.e. three-leaf stage imposed stressful conditions, and initially reduced growth rate. Whilst lateral bud numbers increased with the severity of defoliation in four week old shallots, lateral shoots and bulb number decreased. There was significant delay in maturity and a reduction in bulb size and weight in shallots defoliated at six weeks. Six weeks old shallots defoliated at 100% recorded the lowest sucrose content of 6%. Numbers of fresh bulb scales was significantly decreased with increasing defoliation and growth. The effect of defoliation on growth, yield and quality depended on the growth stage of the crop. However, 50% defoliation at all growth stages gave appreciable yield and bulb quality compared with the undefoliated control in this trial. 相似文献
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BTH和水杨酸(SA)对甜瓜抗白粉病的诱导作用 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
研究了BTH和水杨酸(SA)作为诱导剂在不同浓度,不同时期对甜瓜抗白粉病的诱导作用。采用盆栽甜瓜植株,喷施诱导剂,然后接种甜瓜白粉菌的方法测定这2种诱导剂对甜瓜的诱导效果。结果表明2种诱导剂均对甜瓜有明显的诱导作用。BTH最佳诱导浓度为50μg／mL,SA为25μg/mL,平均诱导效果分别为86,6％和83．7％。在最佳诱导浓度下,2种诱导剂诱抗的持效期至少可达17 d。在2—8叶期,BTH和SA处理均有良好的诱导效果,且差异不显著。诱导剂本身对甜瓜白粉病菌分生孢子萌发及菌丝生长无明显影响。 相似文献
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对黄瓜不同节位叶片的叶脉进行观察,并对叶片脉序的分化进行定量分析。结果表明:黄瓜主脉与二级脉结成网状掌状脉,二级脉与主脉夹角50°～80°,二级脉与三级脉夹角80°～100°,叶缘末级脉为不完全型,边缘末级脉形成极细的边脉;黄瓜各类型微脉岛面积及微脉岛内细胞个数不随节位变化而变化;各类型微脉岛面积大小变化与叶面积大小变化趋势一致,且各类型微脉岛内细胞数之间存在线性关系。 相似文献
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遮荫对匙叶天南星生长及光合特性的影响 总被引：49，自引：3，他引：46
研究了不同遮荫程度对观叶植物匙叶天南星生长的影响及其生理作用机制。结果表明：在７５％和５０％的遮荫条件下,匙叶天南星幼苗叶片叶绿素含量上升,叶片浓绿,植株生长快,叶片较大,叶片数增多;叶片叶绿体结构完整,有较完整的片层结构;植株净光合速率较大,呼吸速率减弱。在广州夏季气候条件下,适度遮荫有利于促进匙叶天南星的生长,提高其观赏品质。 相似文献
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无花类型藕莲品种产量形成与需肥特性的初步研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文研究了花藕的产量形成过程及需肥特性。结果表明,藕莲植株前期进行营养生长,后期转入贮藏生长,以其后栋叶的出现为标志。新藕的形成、膨大过程在7月16日至8月20日,历时约35天,其中包含一个快速增长期。结藕以前,体内同化产物主要分配给茎叶,用于开源;结藕后,主要分配到藕中,用于扩库,其间发生了生长中心的转移。并初步探明藕莲生育期中对N、 P、K吸收量的变化趋势,其吸收比约为2.73:1:5.2。 相似文献
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以‘黄荷兰’试管苗为试材,采用组织培养快速繁殖方法,研究了影响有性三倍体杂交兰‘黄荷兰’根状茎诱导、增殖、分化、生根壮苗和试管苗移栽的因素,以期建立‘黄荷兰’种苗工厂化生产技术体系。结果表明:横切茎尖的起始脱分化时间早于纵切,诱导率高于纵切。切割长度、外源激素、光照强度和有机附加物对根状茎的增殖影响显著,将根状茎切割成长0.50 cm接种到MS+6-BA 1.00 mg·L-1+NAA 0.20 mg·L-1+土豆80.00 g·L-1+蔗糖30.00 g·L-1+卡拉粉7.00 g·L-1+AC 0.30 g·L-1培养基中培养40 d,根状茎增殖系数为3.18。外源激素对根状茎的分化影响显著,将根状茎掰成长1.00 cm接入MS+6-BA 1.00 mg·L-1+NAA 0.20 mg·L-1+蔗糖20.00 g·L-1+卡拉粉7.00 g·L-1+AC 0.02 g·L-1培养基中培养40 d,芽分化率和苗分化率分别为60.00%和57.50%。将4 cm高的苗转入1/2MS+6-BA 0.10 mg·L-1+NAA 0.50 mg·L-1+蔗糖20.00 g·L-1+卡拉粉7.00 g·L-1+AC 0.50 g·L-1中培养50 d,平均株高和根数分别为7.32 cm和3.56条。4月和10月用水草移栽,试管苗成活率分别为98.67%和99.67%。上述研究结果说明,利用组织培养快速繁殖技术工厂化生产‘黄荷兰’种苗是可行的。 相似文献
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J. Chambers 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(1):48-54
SummaryStubbed rhizomes of Curcuma alismatifolia Gagnep. were kept at room temperature with good ventilation during their dormant period and then were randomly sampled at different stages of dormancy, i.e. stage 1 (beginning of dormancy), stage 2 (middle of dormancy) and stage 3 (late in dormancy with the buds sprouting). Fresh and dry weights, water content, nitrogencontent and starch and total soluble sugar content decreased in the stubbed rhizome and storage roots during dormancy. Therhizome was the principal organ for N storage and the storage roots were the major organ for carbohydrate storage. Argin ne and glutamic acid were the predominant free amino acids in the rhizome and storage roots, respectively. Free abscisic acid in the rhizome increased from stage 1 to 2 and then decreased by stage 3, while the concentration in storage roots decreased continuously until buds sprouted. 相似文献
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The rhizome, stem and leaf aqueous extracts of ginger were assayed at 10, 20, 40, and 80 g l−1 for their effects on seed germination and early seedling growth of soybean and chive. All aqueous extracts at all concentrations inhibited seed germination, seedling growth, water uptake and lipase activity of soybean and chive compared with the control, and the degree of inhibition increased with the incremental extracts concentration. The degree of toxicity of different ginger plant parts can be classified in order of decreasing inhibition as stem > leaf > rhizome. The results of this study suggest that rhizome, stem and leaf of ginger contain water-soluble allelochemicals which could inhibit seed germination and seedling growth of soybean and chive. The rhizome is the main harvested part of ginger. The residue (mainly stems and leaves) of the ginger plant should be removed from the field so as to diminish its inhibitory effect. Further work is needed to specify and verify the allelochemicals produced by this plant. The results of this study suggest that ginger allelochemicals are heterotoxic, and thus intercropping should not be practiced using ginger. 相似文献