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1.
俞伟辉 《中国草食动物科学》2019,(2):28-32
为研究不同能量和蛋白质水平日粮对妊娠期湘东黑山羊血液生化指标的影响,选取中等体况(30 kg±4 kg)的湘东黑山羊120只进行同期配种,再从怀孕母羊中挑选100只分为10组,每组10只,根据母羊妊娠生理阶段,将其分为妊娠前期(前90 d)和妊娠后期(后60 d)两个阶段进行饲喂试验,以能量和蛋白质作为因子,蛋白水平设A、B、C、D、E五个组,梯度为10 g;能量水平设V、W、X、Y、Z五个组,梯度为0.5 MJ。结果表明:日粮不同能量水平对妊娠母羊血糖、胰岛素和甘油三酯含量均有明显影响;日粮不同蛋白质水平对妊娠母羊血清尿素氮和总蛋白均有明显影响。 相似文献
2.
用87只2～3岁的河北细毛羊母羊,对日粮不同代谢能(ME)、降解蛋白(RDP)和非降解蛋白(UDP)水平对妊娠后期母羊体重及羔羊初生重影响进行了研究。试验结果表明,河北细毛羊妊娠后期(100～150天)能量和蛋白质的适宜供给量分别是0.79MJME/kgW~(0.75)/d、7.02gRDP/kgW~(0.75)/d和2.32gUDP/kgW~(0.75)/d。这一营养水平可保证母羊体重适度增加。同时还发现母羊日粮能量及蛋白质水平对羔羊初生重无显著影响。 相似文献
3.
《饲料工业》2017,(13):35-38
试验通过为内蒙古白绒山羊妊娠后期母羊提供不同代谢能水平的日粮,研究母羊妊娠后期日粮能量水平对初生羔羊发育状况的影响,以及日粮不同能量水平条件下妊娠母羊对养分的表观消化率。结果表明:母羊妊娠后期高能日粮和低能日粮对羔羊初生重影响显著,母羊妊娠后期高代谢能(14.3 MJ/kg)可以有效增加羔羊体尺;日粮代谢能水平会显著影响母羊妊娠后期的体增重。本试验中,日粮代谢能水平为14.3 MJ/kg时,内蒙古白绒山羊母羊妊娠后期体增重最大;高的日粮代谢能水平(14.3 MJ/kg)会增加内蒙古白绒山羊妊娠后期母羊日粮营养物质的表观消化率,尤其是粗蛋白表观消化率。 相似文献
4.
俞伟辉 《中国草食动物科学》2018,(1)
通过饲养试验,研究不同能量和蛋白质水平日粮对妊娠期湘东黑山羊生产性能的影响。选取中等体况(30 kg±4 kg)的湘东黑山羊120只进行同期配种,再从怀孕母羊中挑选100只分为10组,每组10只,根据母羊妊娠生理阶段,将其分为妊娠前期(前90 d)和妊娠后期(后60 d)两个阶段,以能量和蛋白质作为因子,蛋白水平设A、B、C、D、E五个组,梯度为10 g;能量水平设V、W、X、Y、Z五个组,梯度为0.5 MJ。结果表明:日粮不同能量水平对妊娠母羊体增重的影响,V、W、X组之间差异均不显著(P0.05),W、X、Y、Z组之间差异也均不显著(P0.05),而Y组和Z组显著高于V组(P0.05),以Y组母羊总增重最大;不同蛋白质水平对妊娠母羊体重的影响,C、D、E组之间差异均不显著(P0.05),A组与B组之间差异也不显著(P0.05),C、D、E组均显著高于A组和B组(P0.05),以D组母羊总增重最大;日粮不同能量水平和蛋白质水平对羔羊初生重的影响均差异不显著(P0.05),但随着能量水平的升高羔羊初生重呈上升趋势,并以Y组羔羊初生重最大。 相似文献
5.
《饲料工业》2019,(23):61-64
试验旨在研究藏母羊妊娠后期日粮蛋白水平对初生羔羊GH基因表达的影响,为妊娠后期及胎儿发育合理的日粮营养提供依据。选择年龄、胎次、体况相近的藏母羊60只,随机分为2组,每组30只羊;2组母羊妊娠前期(0～85 d)放牧饲养;妊娠后期(86～150 d)舍饲饲养,分别饲喂能量相同而蛋白水平为7.5%和13.5%的日粮。测定初生羔羊内脏器官、肌肉组织和胃肠道中GH基因表达量。结果表明,13.5%蛋白组羔羊心、肝、肺、瓣胃、皱胃、空肠中GH基因的表达量显著高于7.5%蛋白组(P<0.05)。妊娠后期提高藏母羊日粮蛋白水平能显著提高胎儿内脏器官、肌肉组织和胃肠道的生长发育。 相似文献
6.
该文旨在研究日粮能量和蛋白质水平对燕山绒山羊育成母羊生长、生殖激素分泌及诱导发情效果的影响。(1)日粮能量水平试验:42只6月龄左右的母羊随机均分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(DCP 9.5%,ME分别为9、10、11 MJ/kg);(2)日粮蛋白质水平试验:42只6月龄左右的母羊随机均分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(ME 10 MJ/kg,DCP分别为8.5%、9.5%、10.5%)。上述能量和蛋白质水平对母羊生长、生殖激素分泌影响试验均为40 d。试验期间每天记录采食量,20 d称重一次,分别于试验第0、20、30和40天采集血样检测相关生殖激素,40 d后采用CRID+FSH法对试验羊进行诱导发情处理。结果表明:(1)随日粮能量水平增加,母羊体增重、采食量提高,料重比降低(P0.05);各组E2、FSH、LH及发情率无差异;第30天Ⅱ组P_4高于Ⅰ组(P0.05),第40天Ⅲ组低于Ⅰ组(P0.05);(2)日粮蛋白质水平对母羊体增重,P_4、E_2、FSH、LH及发情无影响;各组采食量、料重比差异显著(P0.05)。研究表明,日粮能量和蛋白水平对母羊生殖激素分泌和诱导发情效果无影响,日粮DCP、ME为9.5%、11 MJ/kg时生长性能最佳。 相似文献
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8.
试验旨在研究日粮蛋白水平对藏母羊妊娠期乳腺发育相关生殖激素及初生羔羊肌肉组织形态的影响,为藏母羊妊娠期日粮合理配制提供依据。4组母羊妊娠前期(0～85 d)放牧饲养;妊娠后期(86～150 d)舍饲饲养,分别饲喂能量相同而蛋白水平依次为7.5%、9.5%、11.5%和13.5%的日粮。结果表明,试验条件下,藏母羊血清中黄体酮、催乳素、生长激素、促黄体素、促卵泡激素含量均11.5%蛋白组最高;初生羔羊肌纤维的直径和面积随着母羊妊娠后期日粮蛋白水平的增高而增加,肌纤维密度随蛋白水平的增高而减小。 相似文献
9.
试验旨在研究妊娠母羊日粮中添加维生素E(VE)对羔羊成活率的影响.选择42只妊娠45d的成年经产小尾寒羊,随机分为2组,每组21只.对照组小尾寒羊饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮基础上补饲维生素预混料VE粉,对比两组母羊的产羔率和羔羊成活率.预试期1w,正式试验期4 w.结果表明,试验组母羊产羔23只,繁殖率为109.5... 相似文献
10.
试验通过在妊娠母羊日粮中添加不同水平的亚硒酸钠,研究硒对绵羊胎盘SelP和ApoER-2的蛋白表达的影响,为进一步揭示硒的胎盘转运及硒对胎儿发育的调控机制提供实验依据。选取体重、体型、年龄、胎次相近的湖羊妊娠母羊80只,随机分为两组,分别饲喂基础日粮和添加0.5 mg/(kg DM·d)亚硒酸钠的日粮。预试期7 d,正试期150 d。结果表明:SelP和ApoER-2主要在妊娠母羊胎盘滋养层细胞中表达。日粮中亚硒酸钠的添加,极显著提高了妊娠母羊胎盘滋养层细胞中SelP的表达量(P<0.01),却极显著降低了ApoER-2蛋白的表达量(P<0.01)。 相似文献
11.
The late pregnancy is a critical period of fetal growth and development. As approximately 80% of fetal body weight is obtained during late gestation, so that the amount of energy needed for the ewes at this period is much greater than the other periods. Now ewes with multiple fetuses are mutton sheep breeding cultivation objectives, however,under the grazing or confined feeding conditions where nutrient requirement can't satisfy the nutrient requirement of sheep, especially for pregnant ewes with twins or more lambs.The body glycogen and protein as well as body fat will be mobilized for energy needed for the fetal growth and reproduction, which would lead to bad influence on ewes (metabolic disorders, liver function damage, pregnancy toxemia, embryonic development and health) and also on lamb (weak lamb, dead lamb and health). Therefore, investigating the effects of dietary energy levels during late gestation on the ewe's health and growth performance of lambs are essential for the sustainability of livestock production systems. This review summarized the effect of different energy levels on the ewes' health, reproductive performance of the ewes, lactation performance, embryo development and the growth of lambs, then expounded the roles of energy in later gestation. When the dietary energy of ewes in late gestation are restricted, the weight, breast development, lactation capacity, pregnancy rate will all be decreased, and the growth rate and organ development of embryos and lamb will also be restricted. 相似文献
12.
能量对妊娠后期母羊健康及其羔羊的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
妊娠后期是胎儿生长发育的关键时期,胎儿体重增长的80%在此阶段完成,因此该阶段母羊的能量需要量大于其他生理阶段。高产多胎是肉用种母羊的重要培育目标,当母羊处于营养水平较低的草场或舍饲条件下,怀双羔或多羔母羊的日粮能量水平不能满足其营养需要时,母羊会动用体内的糖原、体蛋白和体脂以弥补能量不足,致使母羊的代谢紊乱,肝机能受损,产生羊妊娠毒血症,影响母羊的健康和胚胎的健康生长,产出弱羔、病羔,并可能影响产后羔羊的健康生长。因此,研究妊娠后期能量水平对母羊健康、胚胎发育、羔羊生长及肉羊养殖业的发展都有重要的指导意义。作者对不同能量水平对妊娠母羊的健康、繁殖性能、泌乳性能、胚胎与羔羊生长的影响展开讨论,阐明妊娠后期能量的作用。当母羊妊娠后期能量受到限制时,母羊的体重降低,乳腺发育受阻,泌乳能力下降,受胎率下降;同时胚胎的生长速度降低,影响胚胎与产后羔羊组织器官发育和正常生长。 相似文献
13.
本试验旨在探讨瘤胃保护型亮氨酸(RP-Leu)对滩羊母羊繁殖性能、消化性能及初乳品质的影响。选取体重为(42.18±2.62)kg的经产滩羊母羊48只,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复4只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在对照组基础上分别添加0.10%、0.20%和0.30%的RP-Leu。试验期为妊娠后第35天始至分娩后第60天(断奶)结束。结果表明:与对照组相比,妊娠期母羊饲粮添加0.20%RP-Leu显著提高了羔羊初生重和断奶重(P0.05),显著提高了妊娠期母羊粗蛋白质的表观消化率(P0.05),显著提高了初乳中乳脂、乳蛋白和乳糖含量(P0.05),同时显著降低了母羊分娩后第15天血清尿素氮含量(P0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加0.20%RP-Leu能够改善妊娠滩羊氮沉积和初乳品质,同时实现促进羔羊生长发育的目的。 相似文献
14.
Manganese status of pasturing ewes, of pregnant ewes and doe rabbits on low manganese diets and of dairy cows with cystic ovaries. 
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下载免费PDF全文 Four experiments were conducted to obtain information on the manganese (Mn) status of ewes, doe rabbits and dairy cows with cystic ovaries. Manganese was not concentrated specifically in any one tissue or organ but the use of 54Mn has indicated that the isotope was retained by the liver for a longer time. Significantly lower (P less than 0.01) levels of Mn were observed in the liver, kidney and blood of pregnant ewes fed a synthetic diet containing low levels (5 ppm) of Mn than those that were supplemented with 60 ppm Mn. It would appear that the determination of blood Mn concentration would provide a valuable diagnostic tool for the assessment of the Mn status of the pregnant ewe and could be more reliable than data based on tissue (liver, kidney, ovary) levels of Mn. The cortical stroma of dairy cows with cystic ovaries had lower Mn contents than those cows that were without cystic ovaries. The data on blood suggests that cystic ovaries cannot be diagnosed by blood Mn levels if Mn was indeed a contributing factor of the development of this condition. The doe rabbit responded to supplemental dietary Mn in a manner analogous to the ewes. 相似文献
15.
McGuire WJ Imakawa K Tamura K Meka CS Christenson RK 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2002,23(3):383-396
Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) increases ovine interferon-tau (oIFNtau) secretion by ovine conceptuses, but endometrial production of GM-CSF has not been characterized. Endometrial GM-CSF expression was evaluated in ovariectomized ewes implanted with estradiol-17beta (E(2)) and/or progesterone (P(4)) for 14 days, in day 14 cyclic and day 14 pregnant ewes. Relative levels of endometrial GM-CSF mRNA were 3-fold higher in E(2)- and E(2)/P(4)-treated ewes than that of control or P(4)-treated ovariectomized ewes. Levels of endometrial GM-CSF mRNA for cyclic ewes were similar to E(2)- and E(2)/P(4)-treated ewes, but amounts of GM-CSF mRNA in pregnant ewes were 2-fold higher. GM-CSF concentrations in endometrial culture media, determined by GM-CSF bioassay, for cyclic and E(2)/P(4)-treated ovariectomized ewes were 3-fold higher than those of control, E(2)- and P(4)-treated ovariectomized ewes; however, amounts of GM-CSF in pregnant ewes were 2-fold higher. Immunoreactive GM-CSF, examined by western blot, was detected in the culture medium from E(2)/P(4)-treated ovariectomized, cyclic and pregnant ewes. Luminal and glandular epithelia and stromal regions were determined to be sites of GM-CSF expression by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques. Data indicate that combined E(2) and P(4) treatment of ovariectomized ewes is sufficient to restore GM-CSF expression to the level found in cyclic ewes; however, GM-CSF mRNA and protein in pregnant ewes is 2-fold greater than in ovariectomized or cyclic ewes. These data suggest that the conceptus, in addition to steroids, may play a role in the regulation of endometrial production of GM-CSF. 相似文献
16.
Hepatic monoxygenases metabolize steroids that in turn influence reproduction. Experiments were conducted to establish the effect of dose of phenobarbital and level of dietary protein on hepatic monoxygenase. In Exp. 1, ewes were given either 0, .5, 1, 2 or 3 g phenobarbital (PB) daily for 4 to 8 d. After 48 h after last dose of PB, cytochrome P-450 was higher (P less than .01) in all ewes given PB than in controls and was higher (P less than .01) in ewes given PB for 8 d than in ewes treated for 4 d. In Exp. 2, either 0 or 1 g of PB was given orally for 8 d. Liver samples were collected 1, 4, 7 or 10 d after last treatment. Both cytochrome P-450 (P less than .01) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) cytochrome c reductase (P less than .06) were higher in ewes receiving PB than in controls. Cytochrome P-450 was twice as high in treated ewes as in control ewes on the 8th d of treatment, but concentrations returned to control levels 10 d after last treatment. Microsomal protein and cytochrome b5 were not affected by PB (P greater than .10). Ewes in Exp. 3 receiving a diet containing 14.8% crude protein for 10 d had higher levels of cytochrome P-450 (P less than .01) than ewes fed 4.7% crude protein. Protein did not affect microsomal protein or NADPH cytochrome c reductase. These data suggest that a relationship among PB, dietary protein and monoxygenases exists and provide information that will lead to a better understanding of the relationship between diet and reproduction. 相似文献
17.
S Gür G Türk E Demirci A Yüce M Sönmez Ş Özer EH Aksu 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2011,46(2):289-295
The aim of this study was to determine the changes in diameter of corpus luteum (CL), maternal progesterone (P) concentration, lipid peroxidation and non‐enzymatic antioxidant levels along with enzymatic antioxidant activities in pregnant ewes bearing single and twin foetuses. The ewes were selected from healthy animals that were brought to the abattoir for slaughtering. The ewes were divided into three groups: Group 1 (non‐pregnant, non‐oestrous, n = 30), Group 2 (pregnant bearing a single foetus, n = 30) and Group 3 (pregnant bearing twin foetuses, n = 12) after they were slaughtered. Pregnant ewes were in the first half of the pregnancy. The diameter of CL and P concentration of pregnant ewes bearing a single foetus or twin foetuses were found higher than that found in non‐pregnant ewes. Similarly, the P concentration of pregnant ewes bearing twin foetuses was higher than that found in pregnant ewes bearing a single foetus. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level in pregnant ewes bearing twin foetuses was higher than that found in both non‐pregnant and pregnant ewes bearing a single foetus. The serum glutathione (GSH) level and glutathione‐peroxidase (GSH‐Px) activity of pregnant ewes bearing twin foetuses were found lower than that found in non‐pregnant ewes. Additionally, the GSH‐Px activity of pregnant ewes bearing twin foetuses was found lower than that found in pregnant ewes bearing a single foetus. No significant difference was found between pregnant ewes bearing female and male foetus with respect to diameter of CL, P concentration and oxidative stress parameters. There were significant positive correlations between foetal number (0, 1, 2) and diameter of CL, P concentration, MDA level, and between P concentration and diameter of CL, MDA level. However, significant negative correlations were found between foetal number (0, 1, 2) and GSH level, GSH‐Px activity, and between P concentration and GSH‐Px activity. In conclusion, the diameter of CL enlarges, P production increases and oxidant/antioxidant balance impairs because of the gestation stress in ewes during pregnancy. 相似文献
18.
From autumn (April) to spring (November), groups of pregnant and dry Merino ewes grazed pasture contaminated with infective larvae of Haemonchus contortus, Ostertagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus colubriformis. A periparturient rise in faecal egg counts occurred in the pregnant ewes, following the maturation in early spring of arrested fourth-stage larvae of H. contortus and failure of pregnant ewes to expel the resulting adult worms. Peak egg counts were seen in September, just before lambing. In dry ewes, egg counts were slightly elevated at the time of the rise in the pregnant ewes, but fell to very low levels as adult worms developing from previously arrested larvae were expelled. Lactating ewes acquired greater burdens of O. circumcincta and T. colubriformis than did dry ewes, but were equally refractory to new infections with H. contortus. It is therefore suggested that the impairment of immunity to helminth infection seen in reproductive ewes may be more specific than was previously envisaged. 相似文献
19.
Reed JJ Ward MA Vonnahme KA Neville TL Julius SL Borowicz PP Taylor JB Redmer DA Grazul-Bilska AT Reynolds LP Caton JS 《Journal of animal science》2007,85(10):2721-2733
To examine effects of nutrient restriction and dietary Se on maternal and fetal visceral tissues, 36 pregnant Targhee-cross ewe lambs were allotted randomly to 1 of 4 treatments in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. Treatments were plane of nutrition [control, 100% of requirements vs. restricted, 60% of controls] and dietary Se [adequate Se, ASe (6 microg/kg of BW) vs. high Se, HSe (80 microg/kg of BW)] from Se-enriched yeast. Selenium treatments were initiated 21 d before breeding and dietary restriction began on d 64 of gestation. Diets contained 16% CP and 2.12 Mcal/kg of ME (DM basis) and differing amounts were fed to control and restricted groups. On d 135 +/- 5 (mean +/- range) of gestation, ewes were slaughtered and visceral tissues were harvested. There was a nutrition x Se interaction (P = 0.02) for maternal jejunal RNA:DNA; no other interactions were detected for maternal measurements. Maternal BW, stomach complex, small intestine, large intestine, liver, and kidney mass were less (P < or = 0.01) in restricted than control ewes. Lung mass (g/kg of empty BW) was greater (P = 0.09) in restricted than control ewes and for HSe compared with ASe ewes. Maternal jejunal protein content and protein:DNA were less (P < or = 0.002) in restricted than control ewes. Maternal jejunal DNA and RNA concentrations and total proliferating jejunal cells were not affected (P > or = 0.11) by treatment. Total jejunal and mucosal vascularity (mL) were less (P < or = 0.01) in restricted than control ewes. Fetuses from restricted ewes had less BW (P = 0.06), empty carcass weight (P = 0.06), crown-rump length (P = 0.03), liver (P = 0.01), pancreas (P = 0.07), perirenal fat (P = 0.02), small intestine (P = 0.007), and spleen weights (P = 0.03) compared with controls. Fetuses from HSe ewes had heavier (P < or = 0.09) BW, and empty carcass, heart, lung, spleen, total viscera, and large intestine weights compared with ASe ewes. Nutrient restriction resulted in less protein content (mg, P = 0.01) and protein:DNA (P = 0.06) in fetal jejunum. Fetal muscle DNA (nutrition by Se interaction, P = 0.04) concentration was greater (P < 0.05) in restricted ewes fed HSe compared with other treatments. Fetal muscle RNA concentration (P = 0.01) and heart RNA content (P = 0.04) were greater in HSe vs. ASe ewes. These data indicate that maternal dietary Se may alter fetal responses, as noted by greater fetal heart, lung, spleen, and BW. 相似文献
20.
试验旨在研究妊娠母羊饲粮添加叶酸对不同出生类型新生羔羊脐带血管生成相关基因表达的影响。选用体重相近、年龄一致的经产湖羊母羊120只,人工授精后随机分为3组,分别单栏饲喂补充0、16和32 mg/kg DM叶酸的全混合日粮。母羊分娩时,每组随机采集出生类型为双羔和三羔的胎盘与脐带样品各3个,共18个样品用于测定胎盘相关指标,胎儿脐带样品利用实时荧光定量PCR法检测血管生成相关基因——血管内皮生长因子A(VEGFA)、转换生长因子-β3(TGF-β3)、血管生成素-1(ANGPT-1)、血管内皮生长因子受体-1(FLT-1)和血管内皮生长因子受体-2(KDR)基因的相对表达水平。结果表明:妊娠母羊饲粮添加叶酸对胎盘重、子叶数、胎盘效率无显著影响(P>0.05),对新生羔羊脐带TGF-β3、ANGPT-1、FLT-1、KDR基因的相对表达水平无显著影响(P>0.05),但能显著提高VEGFA基因的相对表达水平(P<0.05)。而出生类型对胎盘重、子叶数、胎盘效率和新生羔羊脐带VEGFA、TGF-β3、FLT-1、KDR基因的相对表达水平无显著影响(P>0.05),但是三羔脐带ANGPT-1基因的相对表达水平显著高于双羔(P<0.05)。由此可见,妊娠母羊饲粮添加叶酸对胎盘发育没有显著影响,但是显著提高了新生羔羊脐带VEGFA基因的相对表达水平,有利于新生羔羊脐带血管生成。同时,新生羔羊三羔脐带ANGPT-1基因的相对表达水平显著高于双羔,有利于多羔脐带血管生成。 相似文献