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中棉所12的黄萎病抗性遗传与育种应用研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以2个海岛棉品种和5个陆地棉品种为材料与中棉所12进行正反交,配制14个杂交组合的F1和F2 。采用纸钵育苗,撕底伤根接种方法对14个组合的F1和F2群体进行黄萎病抗性鉴定。结果表明,以中棉所12作父本与海岛棉抗黄萎病品种或陆地棉抗黄萎病品种进行杂交,F2抗（耐）病株与感病株的分离符合3：1的分离规律,说明海岛棉的抗黄萎病性对于中棉所12的耐黄萎病性为显性,中棉所12的耐黄萎病性对于陆地棉的感黄萎病性为显性,控制黄萎病抗性的基因为一个显性主基因。然而,以中棉所12为母本与海岛棉品种、抗病陆地棉品种和感病陆地棉品种进行杂交,F2群体中90%以上的个体为抗病类型,说明中棉所12的细胞质中存在着抗黄萎病的遗传成分,具有细胞质母体遗传的特点,在棉花抗黄萎病育种中具有重要的利用价值。 相似文献
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抗黄萎病新品系中植棉KV-3抗性遗传特性研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
利用自育高抗黄萎病陆地棉新品系中植棉KV-3作亲本,高感黄萎病品系KV9-1作母本,配制杂交组合,通过对6个世代群体(P1、P2、F1、BC1、BC2和F2)在北京田间人工病圃进行抗性分离鉴定,研究其抗黄萎病的遗传特性。结果表明,高抗黄萎病品种中植棉KV-3对黄萎病菌的抗性受1对显性基因和2对加性基因控制,且加性基因起主要作用。当2个加性基因都存在时,植株表现出抗病,当只有1个加性基因存在时,植株表现出耐病,当不存在加性基因时,植株表现出感病。 相似文献
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棉花对黄萎病的抗性遗传模式及抗(耐)病品种的选育技术 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
本文系统总结了本研究室从1982年起开展棉花黄萎病抗性遗传育种所取得的一些研究结果。 18年4个轮次的研究证明, 棉花黄萎病抗性表现为多个显性单基因的遗传模式, 从而基本 上澄清了国际上长期争论的难题。 通过我国黄萎病病原菌的遗传变异和致病力分化分析, 提出了棉花抗黄萎病育种中鉴别菌株的选择, 抗源的合理利用, 相似文献
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陆地棉和海岛棉的黄萎病抗性遗传研究 总被引：14，自引：5，他引：14
以3个海岛棉品种和5个陆地棉品种配制的23个正反交组合的四个分离群体(F1、F2、BC1和BC2)为材料,以中等致病力的安阳菌系接种,研究陆地棉和海岛棉黄萎病抗性的遗传规律。结果表明,海岛棉品种间杂交,F2和BC2抗病和感病单株的分离比例均符合3∶1和1∶1,其黄萎病抗性是由一个显性基因控制;陆地棉品种间F2和BC2的抗病和感病单株的分离比例也均符合3∶1和1∶1,其黄萎病抗性也是由一个显性基因控制。用海岛棉抗病品种与陆地棉抗病品种进行种间杂交,其F2和BC2的抗病株均在95%以上,而用海岛棉抗病品种与陆地棉感病品种进行杂交,其F2和BC2抗病株和感病株的分离比例符合3∶1和1∶1,表明海岛棉和陆地棉的黄萎病抗病基因可能位于同一基因位点。 相似文献
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在乌兹别克斯坦,棉黄萎病对棉花造成严重损失。为了选育能抗强致病力菌系的棉花品种,需确定棉花对不同地域的强致病力菌系的基因型抗性和F1代的抗性遗传度。研究发现,品种Omad和品系L-44,L-408,L-155,L-1708对所选菌系的抗性最好。当受到侵染时,它们表现出超敏感性,但不表现黄萎病症状。F1代的黄萎病抗性为超显性和显性遗传,且与鉴定方法无关。同时,存在中间性遗传。遗传优势度取决于其亲本的配合力、F1代受侵染时的基因反应型和不同地域菌系的致病力。其中,Omad,С-5621,L-44,L-1708的表型抗性高;在F1代中,组合L-155×С-5621和L1708×С-5621的表型抗性较高,在50％～80％。黄萎病抗性遗传控制的特点是趋向于最好或最差亲本的负或正的超显性、显性遗传以及中间型遗传。对所选菌系,杂交组合L-155×С-5621 和 L-155×L-44的综合抗性最好。 相似文献
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与茄子青枯病抗性相关基因连锁的AFLP标记研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文以茄子高感青枯病亲本自交系5810、高抗亲本自交系5556单1、两自交系杂交得到F1,F1单株自交得到F2群体为试材,采用苗期接种鉴定及BSA法结合AFLP技术,探讨了茄子青枯病抗性的遗传规律,获得与茄子青枯病抗性相关基因连锁的AFLP分子标记。结果表明：抗病亲本5556单1青枯病抗性受一对单隐性基因控制,感病亲本控制的感病基因是不完全显性的。在抗、感池中未发现标记,而通过抗、感池单株分析得到了相引相AFLP分子标记E13M10,如及相斥相AFLP标记E16M5240,估算它们与目标基因间的遗传距离分别为10．14cM和7．56cM。 相似文献
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优良的种质资源是品种选育的重要基础。本研究的目的是明确茄子创新资源的抗性水平,培育适应华南地区高温和青枯病易发特点的新品种。本研究利用茄子苗期耐热快速鉴定和浸根接种青枯菌鉴定方法,对12份茄子创新自交系开展耐热性和抗青枯病鉴定。获得处理4天的细胞膜相对电导率和热害指数。发现8份紫红长茄中有3份为耐热(13009-4-4-3、3309-5-4-1-2和5-1-1-2-1)和2份中等耐热(3-1-2和10009-3-2-1);3份白茄中有1份耐热(10009-5-3-1-1)和1份中等耐热(10015-5-3-4-1);苗期接种6周鉴定筛选获得1份高抗(3309-5-4-1-2)、2份抗病(10009-3-2-1和3410-14-1-4-2)和1份中抗(3-1-2)青枯病材料。根据耐热和抗病鉴定结果共获得1份(3309-5-4-1-2)耐热高抗青枯病自交系,1份(10009-3-2-1)中等耐热抗青枯病,1份(3-1-2)耐热和抗青枯病均表现为中等水平。 相似文献
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茄科作物青枯病原菌的脂肪酸鉴定 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
【研究目的】采用脂肪酸鉴定技术对茄科作物青枯病原菌进行鉴定,以期为青枯病的预防与防治提供技术支持。【方法】采用选择性培养技术对茄子、番茄和辣椒病株进行青枯病原菌的分离和纯化,而后对青枯病原菌进行脂肪酸鉴定。【结果】经选择性培养分离得到的36株青枯病原菌中,有33株鉴定为典型的青枯雷尔氏菌（Ralstonia solanacearum）,占91.67%;茄子、番茄和辣椒上的青枯病原菌被鉴定为青枯雷尔氏菌的比例分别为100%、90%和89.47%。【结论】脂肪酸鉴定技术具有快速性、准确性,并可通过计算机的运用使分类达到数据化、自动化,可在茄科作物青枯病的检测中得到广泛的应用。 相似文献
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Summary Verticillium wilt (V. albo-atrum Reinke & Berthold or V. dahliae Kleb) threatens potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production in most growing areas of the world. Genetic resistance offers the most cost-effective and environmentally-sound control measure. However, there is a dearth of genetic and breeding information on resistance to verticillium wilt in potato, because of obscure parentage of some standard cultivars and the complex segregation at the tetraploid level. The wide range of genetic variability in wild relatives of potatoes can be potentially useful as a source of disease resistance, such as verticillium wilt resistance. Six diploid, wild, interspecific Solanum hybrids involving resistant x resistant and susceptible x resistant crosses, were assayed for verticillium wilt resistance under greenhouse conditions to evaluate their potential as sources of verticillium wilt resistance. The cross between S. gourlayi Oka. and S. chacoense Bitt. and its reciprocal had the most resistant progenies based on mean colony counts. No simple mode of inheritance can be proposed based on the observed segregation ratios. However, the continuous distributions observed on verticillium wilt disease response among hybrid families indicate that inheritance of resistance may be polygenic and complex. In addition, skewness of colony count distributions toward the resistance parents were characteristic of all resistant x susceptible crosses suggesting that resistance may be dominant. By contrast, the susceptible x susceptible cross showed a more normal distribution. Overall, the cross between S. gourlayi and S. chacoense showed the most potential as a source of verticillium wilt resistance. 相似文献
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Summary Verticillium wilt is a serious disease of potato and is caused by the soil-borne fungi Verticillium dahliae and V. albo-atrum. No major cultivar is resistant to this disease. Two diploid interspecific potato clones, C287 and C545, were previously identified with consistently high levels of Verticillium wilt resistance and are thought to have the same genotype for the loci that confer resistance to V. dahliae stem colonization. The purpose of this study was to determine whether resistance to V. dahliae stem colonization could be transferred to the tetraploid level in potato via unilateral sexual polyploidization (USP). Progenies in eight families obtained by crossing C287 and C545 to two tetraploid breeding clones, S438 and S440, and the cultivar ‘Atlantic’ were planted in a V. dahliae-infested field and a field without a significant V. dahliae infestation. Resistance was evaluated relative to C545 and C287. There were differences among families for stem colonization and yield. No differences between the mean stem colonization of C545 and C287 progeny were detected. Family differences due to the tetraploid parents indicate that they contributed resistance to the progeny. Stem colonization data from this experiment were consistent with the proposed complementary two-gene model for Verticillium wilt resistance in the diploid parents. Unilateral sexual polyploidization is an effective method for transferring V. dahliae stem colonization resistance to the tetraploid level. 相似文献
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Summary The most economical means to control Verticillium wilt in lucerne, caused by Verticillium albo-atrum, is through resistant cultivars. Most Verticillium wilt resistance evaluations use some form of root-cut-soak inoculation procedure. In Trial 1, three lucerne cultivars were inoculated at eight plant ages and plant symptoms were scored at ten successive weekly intervals. Trial 2 consisted of two cultivars inoculated at ten plant ages and symptoms were evaluated at eight weekly intervals. In an experiment to study the genetics of resistance to this pathogen, four plants showing no visual symptoms were selected from each of four germplasms. The selected populations were crossed in diallel fashion. The population crosses plus the parents were evaluated for resistance to V. albo-atrum. Results from Trial 1 and Trial 2 showed disease severity increased with increasing inoculation age and with increasing scoring age. Cultivar symptom expression interacted with inoculation age, but not with scoring age. The diallel analysis supported resistance to Verticillium wilt being conferred by additive gene action, as heterosis was not detected and general combining ability mean square was 3.75 times larger than the specific combining ability mean square. 相似文献
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The plant pathogen Verticilliurn dahliae causes severe cotton losses in Uzbekistan.To create cotton varieties that are resistant to the more virulent races of V.dahliae we wanted to determine genotypic resistance of varieties and lines of cotton to more virulent isolates of different geographic populations of the fungus V.dahliae isolated from different cotton varieties in Uzbekistan and determine the inheritance of wilt resistance with hybrids of the first generation to various isolates of V.dahliae. 相似文献