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1.
为检测鸡组织中多西环素残留,保障禽产品的质量安全,建立了鸡肌肉、肝脏、肾脏和皮+脂4种组织中多西环素残留量的高效液相色谱法。肌肉、肝脏、肾脏样品经Na_2EDTA-Mcllvaine缓冲液提取,硫酸和钨酸钠沉淀蛋白;皮+脂样品经二氯甲烷溶解后,Na_2EDTA-Mcllvaine缓冲液萃取,HLB固相萃取柱净化,高效液相色谱法测定,以0.01 mol/L三氟乙酸-乙腈为流动相,梯度洗脱,检测波长为350 nm。结果表明:多西环素在0.05～5μg/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,R~2大于0.999。本方法在肌肉组织中的检测限为25μg/kg,定量限为50μg/kg;在肝脏、肾脏和皮+脂组织中的检测限为50μg/kg,定量限为100μg/kg。在各空白组织中添加50～1200μg/kg浓度范围内,多西环素的平均回收率在61.05%～90.90%之间,批内、批间相对标准偏差均在0.7%～14.1%范围之内。本方法适用于鸡组织中多西环素残留量的测定。  相似文献   

2.
将鸡组织样品经酸性乙腈溶液提取,正己烷去脂后C18固相萃取柱净化,样品浓缩后在XevoTM TQ-S串联四极杆质谱仪多反映监测(MRM)下测定.黏杆菌素标准曲线在10 μg/kg到1000 μg/kg浓度范围内线性良好(r＞0.997).在0.02μg/g、0.10 μg/g、1.00 μg/g添加水平下,黏杆菌素在鸡组织(肾脏、肝脏、肌肉和脑)中添加回收率在83.43％～98.15％之间,日内和日间变异系数(RSD)均小于10％;黏杆菌素在鸡组织中的定量限为20 μg/kg,最低检测限为10 μg/kg.结果表明,建立了一种灵敏、可靠的检查鸡组织中黏杆菌素药物残留的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法.  相似文献   

3.
建立了鸡肌肉和鸡肝脏组织中氯霉素残留的气相色谱-微电子捕获检测方法。用乙酸乙酯提取样品中的药物，正己烷脱脂，乙酸乙酯液-液分配，氮气吹干后，用Sylon BFT衍生化，进配有微电子捕获检测器（μECD）的气相色谱仪测定，外标法定量。鸡肌肉组织在0．1、0．5、1．0μg／kg三个添加水平，平均回收率为90．2％～94．3％，日内变异系数在4．5％-11．6％之间，日间变异系数在7．8％～14．3％之间，检测限0．05μg/kg，定量限0．10μg/kg。鸡肝脏组织在0．2、0．5、1．0μg/kg三个添加水平，平均回收率为82．9％～90．8％，日内变异系数在7．0％～11．2％之间。日间变异系数在7．9％～14．5％之间，检测限0．10μg/kg，定量限0．20μg/kg。  相似文献   

4.
抗莫能菌素多克隆抗体检测鸡组织中莫能菌素残留的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
瞿永前  袁忠 《中国家禽》2003,25(20):12-13
本文用自制的抗莫能菌素多克隆抗体检测肉鸡肌肉、肝脏、肾脏和脂肪组织中莫能菌素的残留。将莫能菌素以30．0、60．0、120．0μg／kg分别添加到经处理的各空白组织中，用竞争ELISA法测得莫能菌素在肌肉、肝脏、肾脏和脂肪组织中的回收率为78．7％～104．3％，变异系数为4．2％～18．0％，检测极限为5．0～8．51μg／kg。  相似文献   

5.
氧氟沙星在乌骨鸡体内残留消除规律研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
采用高效液相色谱法分析氧氟沙星在乌骨鸡体内各组织中的残留消除规律。荧光检测器的激发波长为280nm,发射波长为450Dill。色谱柱为ttypersilODS—C18,柱温40~C,以磷酸（以三乙胺调pH至2．5）-乙腈（82：18）为流动相,流速1．0mL／min,进样量为20肛L。氧氟沙星在乌骨鸡肌肉、肝脏、。肾脏中的平均回收率分别为86．3％、83．2％、82．5％。检测限为10ng／g。当组织中氧氟沙星浓度在10～2000ug／kg范围时,线性关系良好。利用该方法对氧氟沙星在乌骨鸡体内的残留消除规律进行了研究,结果表明,氧氟沙星在鸟骨鸡体内的残留消除速度极为缓慢。40天休药期后,2日龄使用组可在肌肉、肝脏和肾脏中分别检出氧氟沙星146．8“g／kg、20．6“g／kg和437．4μg／kg;28日龄使用组分别检测出193．5ug／kg、45．0μg／kg和425．5μg／kg。2日龄使用组休药78天时（即停药71天）,肌肉和肝脏中还能分别检出氧氟沙星11．2μg／kg和12．0μg／kg。实验表明乌骨鸡使用氧氟沙星仅适用于10日龄以下给药并休药70天以上,或不给予该类药物。  相似文献   

6.
猪组织中替米考星残留的高效液相色谱检测方法研究   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  
用乙腈和磷酸二氢钾缓冲液提取猪组织中替米考星，固相萃取柱净化，甲醇-乙腈-乙酸铵洗脱，紫外检测器290nm处检测，建立了猪组织中替米考星残留的高效液相色谱检测方法。该方法检测肌肉、肝脏中替米考星的检测限分别为0．01和0．025μg／g；定量限分别为0．02和0．05μg／g。肌肉在0．02～2．0μg／g添加范围内，平均回收率在84．2％～96．6％之间，变异系数在5．0％～8．2％之间；肝脏在0．05～5．0μg／g添加范围内，平均回收率在82．0％～92．8％之间，变异系数在5．8％～11．3％之间。本方法检测限低，分析简便、准确，符合残留分析的要求。  相似文献   

7.
为建立一种高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测鸡蛋和鸡组织(肝脏、肾脏、肌肉、脂肪)中恩诺沙星、环丙沙星的残留,鸡蛋和鸡组织(肝脏、肾脏、肌肉、脂肪)经酸化乙腈提取,正己烷除脂净化,以0.1%甲酸水溶液和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,同位素内标法定量。结果显示:恩诺沙星、环丙沙星均在线性范围内呈现良好线性关系,相关系数(R2)均大于0.99;恩诺沙星、环丙沙星在组织中的检测限为1μg/kg,定量限为5μg/kg;两种药物的平均回收率范围为75.5%～106%,批内、批间变异系数均小于11.2%。研究表明,该方法样品前处理简单,灵敏度高,适用同时检测鸡组织(肝脏、肾脏、肌肉、脂肪)和鸡蛋中恩诺沙星、环丙沙星残留。  相似文献   

8.
鸡肌肉组织中盐霉素残留的微生物法检测研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
建立了鸡肌肉组织中盐霉素残留的微生物检测方法。采用枯草芽孢杆菌作为工作菌摸索条件,制备标准曲线,测定最低检测限以及回收率。结果表明:在磷酸盐缓冲液中制备五组工作曲线,其变异系数为5.1%,相关系数为0.9923,最低检测限为0.25μg/ml;在肌肉组织中制备五组工作曲线,其变异系数为6.0%,说明本方法重现性较好,相关系数为0.9981,说明本实验有良好的线形关系,最低检测限为0.4μg/g,低于国标规定的肌肉组织中盐霉素的最高残留限量0.6μg/g;方法平均回收率为75.9%。研究表明采用枯草芽孢杆菌检测肌肉组织中盐霉素残留,其灵敏度高、可靠、快速、简便、易推广。  相似文献   

9.
试验通过高效液相色谱-质谱联用法研究血根碱在鸡、鸭及猪肝脏、肾脏和肌肉中的残留状况,为血根碱预混剂作为植物源饲料添加剂使用的安全性提供依据与参考。采用单因素试验设计,试验一和试验二分别选取40日龄三黄鸡和60日龄攸县麻鸭各30只,分为对照组(基础饲粮)、高剂量组(基础饲粮+80 mg/kg血根碱预混剂)、低剂量组(基础饲粮+40 mg/kg血根碱预混剂),饲喂30 d后屠宰,取其肝脏、肾脏和肌肉样品,测定其中血根碱残留量;试验三选取20头80 kg左右健康杜×长×大三元杂交生长猪20头,分为对照组(基础饲粮)和试验组(基础饲粮+80 mg/kg血根碱预混剂),试验期为30 d,试验结束当天屠宰取其肝脏、肾脏和肌肉样品,测定其中血根碱残留量。试验一结果表明,高剂量组和低剂量组鸡的肝脏、肾脏和肌肉中血根碱残留量均低于定量限5 ng/g,对照组无血根碱残留;试验二结果显示,高剂量组和低剂量组的鸭肝脏、肾脏和肌肉中血根碱残留量均低于定量限5 ng/g,对照组无血根碱残留;试验三结果表明,试验组猪肝脏、肾脏及肌肉中血根碱残留量均小于定量限5 ng/g,对照组无血根碱残留。在本试验的血根碱添加量和测定方法条件下,鸡、鸭和猪脏器和肌肉中血根碱的残留量均低于5 ng/g。  相似文献   

10.
[目的]建立一种检测家兔组织中地克珠利含量的液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC—MS／MS）,研究地克珠利在家兔组织中的残留及消除规律。[方法]选择48只家兔（雌雄各半）,在饲料中加入10g／1000kg地克珠利混饲,连续饲喂30d。分别于休药后的第0、1、2、3、4、5、6天,每个时间点随机处死6只家兔（雌雄各半）,取肌肉、肝脏、肾脏组织,DMF,乙腈沉淀法提取并用LC—MS,MS法检测地克珠利残留量。[结果]地克珠利在肾脏中的残留量最高（休药0d为912．6μg／kg）,肝脏次之（休药0d为156．μg／kg）,肌肉最低（休药0d为43．1μg／kg）,在肾脏中的消除速度最快。[结论]该方法适于检测家免组织中的地克珠利含量。休药0d即可满足欧盟要求  相似文献   

11.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

12.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

13.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

14.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

15.
Comparison of different tests to diagnose feline infectious peritonitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
  相似文献   

16.
An experiment was conducted to study disappearance of C14 to C18 fatty acids, lag times and biohydrogenation (BH) rates of C18 fatty acids of ground soya bean and canola seeds in situ. Three ruminally fistulated Dallagh sheep were used to determine ruminal BH of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs). Differences in the disappearance of fatty acids through the bags and lag times were observed between the oilseeds. We saw that the longer the incubation time of the oilseeds in the rumen, the lower the content of C18:2 and C18:3. Significantly higher lag times for both C18:2 and C18:3 were observed in ground canola compared to ground soya bean. BH rates of C18:2 and C18:3 fatty acids in soya bean were three times higher than those of canola. These results suggest that the fatty acid profile of fat source can affect the BH of UFAs by rumen micro‐organisms. So that UFAs of canola had higher ability to escape from ruminal BH. It seems that fatty acid profile of ruminant products is more affected by canola seed compared to soya bean seed.  相似文献   

17.
Serum biochemical values and the wet weight to dry weight ratios of tissues were determined in yaks in Shandan county of Gansu province. The liver, kidney, heart and muscle contents of seven elements in yaks were also analysed. Most serum biochemical values were similar to those of cattle, camels and sheep, but the calcium concentration was considerably above the normal range for other ruminants. The liver contained the highest concentrations of copper, manganese and cobalt and the kidney of selenium, iron and calcium.Abbreviations Alb albumin - ALT alanine aminotransferase - AST aspartate aminotransferase - BUN blood urea nitrogen - Chol cholesterol - Glob globulin - -GT -glutamyl transpeptidase - IP inorganic phosphorus - TP total protein  相似文献   

18.
A knowledge of the microbiological status of milk and of the different structures in the mammary glands has great importance in elucidating the pathogenesis of mammary gland infections. The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological status of various structures in the mammary glands from naturally infected dairy cows following slaughter. A total of 94 samples of milk, 184 samples of mammary parenchyma, 168 samples of gland cisterns, and 168 samples of teat cisterns were collected for microbiological examination. Microorganisms were detected in 59.9% of all samples, 67.0% of the milk samples, 70.1% of the mammary parenchymas, 55.9% of the gland cisterns and 48.8% of the teat cistern samples. When all samples were considered, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were the most prevalent (35.7%) followed by coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (12.2%), Corynebacterium bovis (2.4%), Prototheca sp. (1.9%), and Streptococcus dysgalactiae (1.5%). There was a significantly higher occurrence of microorganisms in the milk and mammary parenchyma compared to the gland cisterns and teat cisterns. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

19.
Four grass plots were sequentially contaminated with goat faeces containing known numbers of unembryonated eggs of predominantly Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus spp. between October 1982 and April 1983. Four other plots were similarly contaminated with sheep faeces between February and May 1987. An additional plot was repeatedly contaminated with sheep faeces from February to April 1987. Populations of free-living stages in faeces and of infective larvae (L3) in the herbage were subsequently monitored until the end of April and June of 1983 and 1987 respectively. During February and May 1987 two control cultures of sheep faeces were incubated in the laboratory at 25°C–30°C and at a constant temperature of 50°C and the free-living development was also monitored. L3 developed very readily in the faeces cultured at 25°C–30°C and in those spread on a grass plot in October, at the end of the wet season, but developed less on the plot contaminated in May at the start of the wet season. Worm eggs in faeces deposited on plots during the hot dry season (December to April) or incubated at 50°C died and disintegrated after 24–48 h exposure to the high environmental temperatures. The results indicate that it is unlikely that gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats can develop or survive on open pasture during the dry season in the Nigerian derived savanna zone.  相似文献   

20.
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