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1.
The prevalence of hoof lesions and lameness in 4899 heifers and cows was determined at claw trimming one time in a cross-sectional study on 101 Swedish dairy farms, 1996-1998. The percentage of affected animals was 41% for heel-horn erosion, 30% for sole haemorrhages, 27% for erosive dermatitis, 21% for abnormal claw shape, 14% for white-line haemorrhages, 8.8% for white-line fissures, 8.6% for sole ulcers, 3.3% for double soles, 2.3% for verrucose dermatitis, and 1.8% for interdigital hyperplasia (IH). Seventy-two percent of all animals had at least one hoof lesion. The prevalence of lameness was 5.1%; most hoof lesions did not cause lameness. Differences between herds were substantial; the herd-specific, animal-level prevalence of lesions ranged from 25 to 98% and of lameness from 0 to 33%. Sole haemorrhages were found in all herds. The proportion of variance at the between-herd level was particularly high for heel-horn erosion (62%) and abnormal claw shape (54%). Strong correlations between lesions were found within hooves (and animals), e.g. for heel-horn erosion and dermatitis (Spearman's rank correlation, r(s)=0.36 and 0.37, respectively) and for sole and white-line haemorrhages (r(s)=0.25 and 0.28). Most hoof lesions affected hind and front hooves bilaterally, whereas the correlation between hind and front hooves generally was lower. Herds that ranked high for prevalence of sole ulcer also ranked high for sole haemorrhages and for abnormal claw shape and herds that ranked high for dermatitis also ranked high for heel-horn erosion, verrucose dermatitis and IH. Abnormal claw shape was strongly associated with sole ulcer (r(s)=0.41 at cow level)-suggesting the importance of maintaining a correct claw shape for the prevention of hoof-horn lesions. 相似文献
2.
M Holzhauer B Brummelman K Frankena TJ Lam 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,193(3):633-638
To estimate the prevalence of claw disorders in youngstock and first parity heifers and to evaluate the effect of grazing on claw disorders, 10 Dutch dairy herds participated in a 2-year longitudinal study. Five herds were zero-grazed, while in the other five herds cows and youngstock had access to pasture during the summer. Twenty female calves <1year of age and 20 females between 1 and 2years of age were randomly selected on each farm, and were individually monitored at 3 monthly intervals for 2years. Data from 366 animals with at least five observations were analysed using linear mixed models with a binomial error distribution. Independent variables were grazing, age, month of observation and previous occurrence of the disorder, while herd and animal were included as random effects. Of these 366 animals, 287 had calved once and 76 twice at the end of the study. Analytic results were obtained for digital dermatitis (DD), interdigital dermatitis/heel horn erosion (IDHE) and sole haemorrhages (SH), all of which had a prevalence of >15%. The prevalence of DD increased considerably around first calving on both the grazing and the zero-grazing farms. The prevalence of IDHE increased with age while SH prevalence showed a more fluctuating pattern. Digital dermatitis was less frequently observed in pastured animals than in permanently housed animals (OR=0.12-0.64 depending on month of observation; P<0.05), with the strongest effect being seen during the period when the herds which grazed cattle actually had animals at pasture (May to August). Grazing was also associated with lower levels of IDHE and SH, again particularly during the grazing season. 相似文献
3.
Holzhauer M Bartels CJ van den Borne BH van Schaik G 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2006,75(1-2):47-55
Data of a cross-sectional study on prevalence of seven common bovine-claw disorders were used to calculate the intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) for claw trimmers. Fifteen professional claw trimmers were trained in diagnosing claw disorders uniformly. During regular trimming of all dairy cows in a herd, they recorded the presence (yes/no) of hind-claw disorders for digital dermatitis (DD), chronic laminitis (CL), sole ulcer (SU), white-line disease (WLD) and interdigital hyperplasia (HYP). For the claw disorders interdigital dermatitis/heel-horn erosion (IDHE) and sole haemorrhage (SH), claw trimmers also recorded (using graduated scores 1-3) the extent of the lesion. Complete information of 21,153 animals from 361 herds in The Netherlands was recorded between July 2002 and December 2003. To assure objective recording of claw disorders, ideally there would not be any correlation between observations. However, quantified ICCs from claw-trimmers observations ranged from 4.9% for DD to 38.0% for CL, while ICCs for herd ranged from 7.9% for SU to 26.7% for DD. Changes in the cut-off values for the diagnosis of IDHE and SH did not result in any relevant changes of the ICCs from claw-trimmers observations and these remained larger than the ICC explained by the herd. Based on these results, we conclude that for estimating measures of frequencies for different claw disorders, uniformity in recording certain diagnoses becomes an issue to consider when involving more than one observer. 相似文献
4.
Effects on animal cleanliness and foot health of a new rubber-slat system for tied dairy cows, with the ability to drain faeces and urine, were studied in a 2-year controlled quasi-randomised trial in a Swedish university herd. Swedish Red and White cows were kept tied in 42 traditional long-stalls with rubber mats. In total, 82 cows were observed. In 21 stalls, the rearmost 0.74m of the solid stall floor was replaced with nine rubber-coated 53mm wide slats, divided by 29mm slots. The cleanliness was assessed subjectively weekly (year 1) or bi-weekly (year 2) by observations of the hind part of the body. Claw measurements and foot health in hind feet were assessed in connection with hoof trimmings at the beginning, middle and end of the housing period. The foot-health recordings were blinded to flooring. For the analysis of both cleanliness (1781 records, 73 cows) and foot health (240 records, 79 cows), logistic regression was applied, using marginal models and cow observations as repeated measures within each year. The risk of getting dirty on the rubber-slatted floor was significantly lower (odds ratio 0.12 for hind feet when short stall dividers were used, 0.39 for hind legs and 0.38 for thighs and udder), comparing with the solid stall floor. The prevalence of foot diseases in hind feet at trimming was significantly lower on the rubber slats (odds ratio 0.23 for dermatitis, 0.09 for heel horn erosion, and 0.34 for sole ulcer or sole or white line haemorrhage). 相似文献
5.
MW McLENNAN 《Australian veterinary journal》1988,65(5):144-147
A survey of the incidence of lesions causing lameness in dairy cattle was conducted by veterinarians in 9 practices in Queensland between November 1984 and July 1985. One hundred and eighty five cases were treated in 83 dairy herds. The average incidence of lameness which required treatment by veterinarians was 2.7 cases per 100 cows per 9 months, with a range of 1.4 to 5.5% in the 9 practices. Foot lesions constituted 83.2% of all lesions; the most common being interdigital necrobacillosis (15%), deep sepsis (8.9%), white line disease (8.4 per cent), axial groove fissure (8.4%), bruised sole (5.6%) and foreign body in the sole/heel (5.6%). Sixty-five per cent of foot lesions occurred in the hind feet and 63% of these lesions occurred in the lateral claw, while 37% of foot lesions occurred in abnormally shaped claws. Limb lesions accounted for the remaining 16.8% of lesions, and 50% of these lesions occurred in the hip and stifle, while trauma was the main cause of limb lesions. 相似文献
6.
Associations between types of lameness and fertility 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Four hundred and twenty-seven cases of first-reported foot lameness were recorded in 17 dairy herds in Somerset during the winter housing period. Lameness was classified into three categories: sole ulceration, digital disease (white line abscess, foreign bodies in the sole and pricked or punctured sole), and interdigital disease (lesions of the skin between claws and heel including foul in the foot, interdigital fibroma and dermatitis). In addition, a 'clinical effect score' was calculated to take account of the severity of lameness, the structures involved and the time for which the cows were clinically affected. The fertility records of lame cows were compared with those of the healthy cows nearest in parity and stage of lactation. In the lame cows the interval from calving to first service was four days longer, and the interval from calving to conception was 14 days longer than in the control cows, the pregnancy rate to first service was 46 per cent (controls 56 per cent), 2.14 services were required per conception (controls 1.72) and 16 per cent of lame cows were culled (controls 5 per cent). Lameness, first reported in the period 36 to 70 days after calving, was associated with a significant (P less than 0.01) increase in the interval from calving to first service of eight days; and sole ulceration, in the period 71 to 120 days after calving, was associated with an increase of 11 days (P less than 0.05). Lameness in all periods up to 120 days after calving was associated with significantly increased intervals from calving to conception (P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
7.
Tiago Facury Moreira Rafael Romero Nicolino Leandro Silva de Andrade Elias Jorge Facury Filho Antônio Ultimo de Carvalho 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(8):1829-1834
Lameness is a growing concern to the dairy industry worldwide. However, little is known about lameness and its causes in grazing cattle, especially in tropical climates. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of hoof lesions and lameness in dairy herds of all year-round grazing cattle under tropical condition, and to identify the main lesions associated with lameness. We visited 48 farms located in the Minas Gerais state, Brazil, equally divided into four groups based on daily milk production. All lactating cows in the visited farms were locomotion scored, and a representative sample was randomly chosen for hoof inspection. Among the 2267 lactating cows evaluated, 16% were scored as lame and 7% as severely lame. Nearly all cows presented at least one type of hoof lesion, of which heel horn erosion (90%), white line fissure (50%), and digital dermatitis (33%) were the most prevalent. Heel horn erosion was present in all farms and digital dermatitis was present in 96% of the farms. Sole ulcer was observed in a single animal. Additionally, digital dermatitis and white line fissure were correlated to a 2.5 times increase in the odds of a poor mobility score. Collectively, our results demonstrate that digital dermatitis and white line fissure are the main concern and the biggest cause of lameness in grazing cattle under tropical conditions. 相似文献
8.
An epidemiological study was conducted in 18 dairy herds with the objective to characterize those groups of cows where skin injuries to the body and thighs occurred most frequently. Data were analyzed with multivariable logistic regression. The epidemiologic patterns were different in first and later lactations. In first lactation some degree of injury occurred among 7.7% of 1793 cows. For most cows occurrence of sole ulcer was positively associated with injury while occurrence of heel horn erosion was negatively associated with injury. The association between injury and body weight differed depending on month of calving (significant interaction). Injuries occurred most frequently among high yielding cows. Severe reproductive, metabolic, and/or infectious diseases were associated with injuries. In later lactations some degree of injury occurred among 13.4% of 832 cows in lactations 2 to 9 where severity of injury increased with lactation number. Injuries occurred least frequently at examinations made in the January to March. They occurred most frequently among cows with sole ulcers. Calving in March through October was associated with injuries especially if the cows were treated for limb disorders. Most cases of injuries occurred early or late in lactation or among high or very low yielding cows in lactations 2 to 9. 相似文献
9.
J. Häggman J. Juga M.J. Sillanpää R. Thompson 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2013,130(2):89-97
Genetic parameters for different claw disorders, overall claw health and feet and leg conformation traits were estimated for Finnish Ayrshire cows. The merged data set with records of claw health and feet and leg conformation traits consisted of 105 000 observations from 52 598 Finnish Ayrshire cows between 2000 and 2010. The binary claw health data and the linearly scored conformation data were analysed using an animal model and restricted maximum likelihood method by applying the statistical package ASReml. Binomial logistic models with mixed effects were used to estimate genetic parameters for sole haemorrhages, chronic laminitis, white‐line separation, sole ulcer, interdigital dermatitis, heel horn erosion, digital dermatitis, corkscrew claw and overall claw health. Estimated heritabilities for different claw disorders using a binomial logistic model ranged from 0.01 to 0.20. Estimated heritability for overall claw health using a binomial logistic model was 0.08. Estimated heritabilities for feet and leg conformation traits ranged from 0.07 to 0.39. The genetic correlations between claw health and feet and leg conformation traits ranged from ?0.40 to 0.42. All phenotypic correlations were close to zero. The moderate genetic correlation, together with higher heritability of feet and leg conformation traits, showed that RLSV (rear leg side view) is a useful indicator trait to be used together with claw trimming information to increase the accuracy of breeding values for claw health in genetic evaluation. 相似文献
10.
Laminitis is one of the most important claw disorders in dairy herds. Nutrition, calving, burdening of the lateral claw of the rear feet, and hereditary susceptibility are all contributing factors. Interdigital dermatitis in cattle may be a result of infection by Bacteroides nodosus and Fusobacterium necrophorum. If this infection becomes chronic, heel horn erosion is its consequence. 相似文献
11.
Christel Nielsen Lena Steng?rde Christer Bergsten Ulf Emanuelson 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2013,55(1):55
Background
Laminitis and energy-related postpartum diseases share several risk factors, indicating a common etiology. Thus, a herd’s incidence rate of energy-related postpartum diseases, such as displaced abomasum and clinical ketosis, might reflect the likelihood of cows to suffer from laminitis-related claw lesions. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between herd-level incidence rate of displaced abomasum and clinical ketosis, general risk factors, and claw lesions in individual cows recorded at maintenance claw trimming.Methods
The dataset consisted of 6773 trimmings, performed between 2004 and 2006 by professional trimmers, from 3607 Swedish Red and Swedish Holstein cows in 26 herds. The herds were classified as having a high, inconsistent-high or low incidence rate of energy-related postpartum diseases, based on the number of recorded cases of veterinary-diagnosed displaced abomasum and clinical ketosis in the Swedish national animal disease recording system during 2002 to 2006, and observations and interviews in connections with herd visits. Generalized linear mixed models were used to investigate the association between herd-level incidence rate of energy-related postpartum diseases and laminitis-related lesions including sole ulcer and sole hemorrhage; and hygiene-related lesions including interdigital dermatitis, digital dermatitis, heel-horn erosion, verrucose dermatitis, and interdigital hyperplasia; and absence of any claw lesion. Systematic effects, including first-order interactions, with P < 0.05 were included in the models. Herd classification was forced into the models, and a random effect of herd was included.Results
In comparison to herds with a high incidence rate of energy-related postpartum diseases, low-incidence herds showed a lower odds ratio (OR; 0.2) for laminitis-related lesions in cows trimmed during the summer months. Low-incidence herds also showed numerically lower OR estimates for laminitis-related lesions in all parity classes and a numerically lower OR for hygiene-related lesions. In addition, low-incidence herds showed tendencies towards a numerically higher OR for absence of any lesion, irrespective of trimming season or parity.Conclusions
Only a few statistically significant associations were found, but several tendencies pointed towards better claw health in herds with low as compared with high incidence rate of energy-related postpartum diseases. 相似文献12.
Smilie RH Hoblet KH Eastridge ML Weiss WP Schnitkey GL Moeschberger ML 《The Veterinary record》1999,144(1):17-21
Thirteen high-yielding Holstein herds in Ohio were ranked according to the prevalence and severity of lesions associated with subclinical laminitis (pododermatitis aseptica diffusa). One hundred and seventy-three first lactation cows, most of them in their first 100 days of lactation, and 30 pregnant heifers were assessed. The lesions evaluated were yellow waxy discoloration of the sole, haemorrhage of the sole, separation of the white line, and erosion of the heel. Each herd consisted of more than 100 lactating cows and all the herds were producing over 8500 kg of milk per cow on a rolling herd average basis. The lactating cows were housed in cubicles and maintained in concrete yards. The lesions associated with subclinical laminitis were prevalent among the 13 herds, but when each category of lesion was considered independently, significant differences in prevalence and severity were detected among the herds. These differences suggest that it may be possible to make changes in herd management which may influence the prevalence of lesions. 相似文献
13.
Several studies have shown that foot lesions and clinical lameness occur before first calving and develop further during the lactation period. Lameness may cause production losses, but the relationship between foot lesions, particularly in the claw horn, and lameness in heifers is unclear. The objectives of this study were to describe the development of and evaluate the relationship between lameness and foot lesions in Danish Holsteins before and after first calving. In a longitudinal study, 147 heifers were examined for lameness and foot lesions 2–5 times over an 18-month period. Lameness was assessed by means of a visual locomotion score and foot lesion severity was recorded.The prevalence of a locomotion score 3 was 25% before calving, and 90% at approximately 250 days in milk (DIM). Prevalence of moderate to severe sole haemorrhage (SH) was 27% before calving and 56% at 250 DIM, and that of moderate to severe white line lesion (WLL) 44% before calving with a peak of 70% at 200 DIM. There was one case of white line abscess but SH was seen throughout the entire study period. Digital dermatitis (DD) was prevalent prior to first calving (15%) and peaked at 39% at 0–100 DIM. Heel horn erosion (HHE) occurred in almost all cows (93–100%) and was strongly correlated with DD (r = 0.51). The correlation coefficient between SH and WLL was also high (0.42). The relatively high correlations between WLL and both DD and HHE were more surprising (0.38 and 0.35, respectively), those between SH and both DD and HHE were moderate (around 0.18). Interdigital dermatitis was significantly correlated with both HHE and DD, but completely unrelated to SH and WLL.The overall average locomotion score increased by about one-half of a score unit from 1 month prior to calving until 250 DIM, with a large difference between herds, although this was unsurprising as cows may alter their locomotion pattern with management factors (e.g. floor properties). DD and WLL were both associated with a locomotion score 3 but of the cows with severe WLL there was no clear association between a locomotion score 3 and DD. The highest locomotion scores occurred among cows with DD but without WLL. 相似文献
14.
C.E. Gillman A.L. KilBride P. Ossent L.E. Green 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2009,91(2-4):146-152
We carried out a cross-sectional study during 2003 and 2004 to establish the prevalence and risk factors associated with floor type for commonly observed foot lesions in pigs aged 6, 8 and 14 weeks. The overall prevalence of foot lesions was 39.6% in 2283 pigs from 90 representative pig farms in England. The most prevalent lesions were heel/sole bruising (7.1%), heel/sole erosion (10.8%), heel flaps (8.4%) and toe erosion (11.6%). Pigs were kept on either solid (41%), partly slatted (28%) or fully slatted (31%) floors. Of the 104 pens with a solid floor, 26% of pens were outside with straw bedding on a soil base, 33% were indoors with deep bedding on solid concrete, 25% were partly deeply bedded on solid concrete and 16% were sparsely bedded on solid concrete. Only six of the pens with partly slatted floors were bedded.Multilevel logistic-regression models were built using data from 100 farms to examine the risks for individual foot lesions with prevalences >5%. The prevalence of toe erosions was positively associated with deep bedding, whereas deep bedding and soil floors were negatively associated with the prevalence of heel/sole erosions. Heel flaps and heel/sole bruising were both associated with slatted floors, possibly indicating a common aetiology. The greatest reduction in prevalence of all these lesions, from AFp calculations, would be achieved by moving pigs from slatted floors onto solid floors. 相似文献
15.
The incidence of foot disorders such as pododermatitis and dermatitis interdigitalis in the progeny of 10 AI sires was studied. Fifty heifers from each sire's progeny were inspected once between 60–100 days post partum. At that examination of the hooves, symptoms of pododermatitis (haemorrhages in the sole, and sole ulcers) and dermatitis interdigitalis (eczema of the interdigital skin, and bulbhorn erosion) were classified.The statistical analysis included sire, housing system, pododermatitis symptoms and dermatitis interdigitalis symptoms. It showed significant differences in the incidence and seriousness of pododermatitis between the progeny groups. These differences were partly influenced by the distribution of heifers over the housing systems and an interaction between housing system and sire. The incidence of dermatitis interdigitalis in the progeny groups was not influenced by the sire. 相似文献
16.
Dorothee Boelling Per Madsen Just Jensen 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(2):114-121
Information on foot and leg traits was collected on 8494 young potential future AI bulls of the three populations Danish Red, Danish Friesian and Danish Jersey by two classifiers between 1985 and 1996. Each animal was assessed at 5 and 10 months of age. The data set was used to examine the influence of age and classifier on genetic parameters of foot and leg traits by treating traits recorded at two different times or by two different people as a different characteristic in a bivariate analysis. The general incidence of foot and leg diseases was very low in young animals: only interdigital dermatitis, heel necrosis and solar bruising showed a frequency higher than 2% in 10-month-old bulls. The same traits measured on different claws yielded very high genetic correlations (rg 0.77-0.98), suggesting that the number of measurements could be reduced. Hooves increased in size with age, and the genetic correlation between the two age classes was high (rg 0.60-0.77). The agreement between classifiers was very high for objectively measured traits, especially for the younger age class, and interdigital dermatitis and heel necrosis, but inconclusive for the subjectively scored characteristics. 相似文献
17.
Two experiments on the effect of routine footbathing in 5 per cent formalin in preventing foot diseases and improving claw horn quality of dairy cows are described. Treatment four times a week significantly (P less than 0.05) reduced the incidence of interdigital lesions but had no significant effect on the incidence of the individual interdigital lesions or on the incidence of individual or overall diseases of the claw horn. A two year study using a divided footbath demonstrated significant improvements in some aspects of claw quality in digits footbathed in formalin. Formalin treated digits had a lower incidence and severity of erosio ungulae (P less than 0.001) a lower moisture content (P less than 0.001) and a reduced severity of haemorrhage of the sole at some sites in the claw compared with untreated digits. Formalin treatment, however, had no significant effect on the incidence of either clinical or subclinical lesions of the claw horn. The improvement in the horn quality of claws treated with formalin for six months did not increase with a further year of treatment. 相似文献
18.
Christodoulopoulos G 《Research in veterinary science》2009,86(2):281-780
An outbreak of foot lameness in a dairy herd of 170 goats is described. The herd, that was kept mostly indoors, was attended between December 2006 and November 2007. During this period, 15% of the goats showed lameness with foot lesions and 24% of the goats showed lameness without foot lesions. The foot lesions consisted of cracks and erosions on the horn of the bulbs of the heel that in most cases extended along the internal side of the axial hoof wall. The clinical diagnosis was interdigital dermatitis. Annual milk production was lower in lame goats compared to those that were not lame (P < 0.05). Furthermore, annual milk yield was significantly affected by the type of foot disease present and was significantly lower in cases with foot lesions than in the animals that were not lame (P < 0.05) and also in the lame goats without foot lesions (P < 0.05). 相似文献
19.
Minna Kujala Ian R. Dohoo Minna Laakso Christian Schnier Timo Soveri 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2009,89(3-4):227-236
The Finnish Healthy Hooves project was set up to determine the frequency of, and risk factors for various hoof lesions in Finnish dairy herds. Data were collected in the years 2003 and 2004. A large dataset of over 74,000 cow-level observations recorded by hoof trimmers was merged with production data from the Finnish Agricultural Data Processing Centre Ltd. Ultimately, data from a single lactation from each of 16,792 cows in 703 herds were used for the analyses in this paper. Three-level hierarchical logistic models with hoof trimmer and farms (within hoof trimmer) as random effects were fit to data sets of tie stall (TS) and loose housing (LH) herds separately. The outcome of interest was the presence or absence of a sole ulcer in one or more legs of a cow during the lactation of interest.Cows examined once had a risk of sole ulcer 5.23% in tie stall herds and 7.58% in LH herds. As the number of examinations increased the odds of a diagnosis of sole ulcer increased substantially (2 and 3+ examinations had odds ratios (ORs) of 1.42 and 3.42 in TS herds and 2.77 and 6.89 in LH herds). Breed had a large effect on the risk of sole ulcer with Holsteins 2.89 times more likely to be affected than Ayrshires in TS herds and 2.94 times in LH herds. In TS herds, the presence of other hoof lesions such as haemorrhages (OR = 2.97), heel-horn erosions (OR = 2.10) and corkscrew claw (OR = 2.83) increased the risk of a sole ulcer developing. In LH herds, only haemorrhages (OR = 1.80) were a significant risk factor when parity was ≥2. In TS herds, use of mats (compared to hard flooring) significantly reduced the risk of sole ulcers (OR = 0.49). The effect of parity on the risk of sole ulcer was greatest when parity ≥4 but this effect was only significant in tie stalls (OR = 1.86).When analyses were restricted to cows with parity ≥2, similar results were obtained for the risk factors identified above. In addition, parity became highly significant in TS and LH (OR 2.31 and 2.23, respectively when parity was 4+). In TS herds, herd average milk production was significantly associated with a decrease risk of sole ulcer (OR = 1.28 per 1000 kg decrease) but there was no effect of production at the cow level (measured as deviation from the herd mean). No significant effects of production were observed in LH herds. 相似文献
20.
E. Gernand D.A. Döhne S. König 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2013,130(6):435-444
Random regression threshold animal models were applied to binary longitudinal claw disorder data for studying genetic parameters of all claw disorders (ACD), as well as to claw disorders divided into different categories: non‐purulent claw disorders (NPCD), purulent claw disorders (PCD), dermatitis digitalis (DD), sole ulcer (SU), phlegmona (PH), laminitis (LAM) and interdigital hyperplasia (IH) in the course of lactation. Claw disorder data were obtained from 26 651 Holstein cows kept in 15 large‐scale contract herds in the region of Thuringia over a period of 5 years from 2007 to 2012. If a cow had one or more entries of the same disorder, for example, sole ulcer, within an interval of 30 days, she was scored with a ‘1’, and otherwise, she received a score of ‘0’ for healthy. Heritabilities for the same disorder were relatively stable between DIM 50 and DIM 300, but they tended to increase in early and late lactation. Highest heritabilities in the range from 0.20 to 0.34 were estimated for IH, and lowest heritabilities were realized for LAM (~ 0.05). Genetic correlations for same traits between different DIMs were high for adjacent test days, but close to zero for distant test days. The relationship between the sire EBVs for claw disorders and official sire EBVs for the type traits ‘foot angle’ was slightly antagonistic with correlation coefficients in the range from 0.05 (DD) to 0.33 (PH). Correlations between lactation EBVs for hock quality, rear leg rear view and the feet and leg index with EBVs for claw disorders were slightly favourable and ranged between ?0.01 (rear leg rear view correlated with SU) and ?0.43 (hock quality correlated with PH). Regarding daily EBVs for claw disorders, the strongest correlation coefficient was of value ?0.46 (LAM early in lactation correlated with the feet and leg index). Genetic parameters from the random regression model were verified by applying a single‐trait repeatability model. Correlation coefficients between lactation EBVs from the random regression model and lactation EBVs from the repeatability model for the same claw disorder were close to 1. Correlations were lower between EBVs from single test days and lactation EBVs from the repeatability models, with a minimal value of 0.58 for PCD measured at day 20. 相似文献