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低有效磷饲粮添加植酸酶对肉仔鸡生产性能的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以艾维因肉仔鸡为试验动物，研究了低有效磷饲粮中添加植酸酶对生产性能的影响。１００只艾维因肉仔鸡随机分为５组，每个组设４个重复。第１组喂标准饲粮，第２、３、４、５组为低有效磷（０．２０％）饲粮，分别加植酸酶ＯＦＴＵ／ｋｇ、３５０ＦＴＵ／ｋｇ、５００ＦＴＵ／ｋｇ、６５０ＦＴＵ／ｋｇ，饲养试验分０￣３周、４￣６周两个阶段，试验期为５周。试验结果表明，在低有效磷饲粮中添加植酸酶可提高肉仔鸡生产性能，降低鸡后期单位增重饲料成本，以植酸酶最大添加量６５０ＦＴＵ／ｋｇ组的效果为最佳，但生产性能未达到标准饲粮组水平。 相似文献
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用法国＊本地二元杂交鸭为研究对象,分析其宰前血浆ＧＯＴ、ＧＰＴ、Ａｋｐ、ｒ－ＧＴ、Ａｍｙ活性与７个产肉性状的表型相关,结果表明ＧＯＴ活性与屠宰率,胸肌率,腿肌率,观众 率,ＧＰＴ活性与胸肌率,瘦肉率、ｒ－ＧＴ活性与胸肌率,腹脂率均呈显著正相关; 相似文献
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本研究旨在探讨铜和维生素 Ａ及其互作效应对肉仔鸡生长性能及抗氧化功能的影响。试验选用 １日龄艾维茵肉仔鸡 ４４８只，随机分为 ８组，每组 ４个重复，每个重复 １４只鸡。采用４×２（铜 ×维生素 Ａ）完全随机设计，饲粮铜的添加量分别为 ０、８、１５０、２２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ，维生素 Ａ的添加量分别为 １５００、５０００ＩＵ／ｋｇ，分为 ２个生长阶段，前期为 １～４周龄，后期为 ５～７周龄。结果表明：１）高铜（１５０、２２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ）抑制了全期肉仔鸡生长性能，提高了全期血清铜蓝蛋白（Ｃｐ）和后期血清总超氧化物歧化酶（Ｔ ＳＯＤ）活性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。２）５０００ＩＵ／ｋｇ维生素 Ａ组获得较好的生长性能，提高了全期血清 Ｔ ＳＯＤ活性，降低了前期血清 Ｃｐ活性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。３）铜和维生素 Ａ互作效应对前期体增重、血清 Ｃｐ和 Ｔ ＳＯＤ活性及全期料重比有显著影响（Ｐ＜０．０５），且二者间存在互补作用。铜（８ｍｇ／ｋｇ）×维生素 Ａ（５０００ＩＵ／ｋｇ）组与铜（０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）×维生素 Ａ（５０００ＩＵ／ｋｇ）组对前期肉仔鸡获得良好生长性能和提高血清 Ｔ ＳＯＤ活性均有促进作用，但对血清 Ｃｐ活性有显著降低作用（Ｐ＜０．０５）。由此可见，在基础饲粮铜水平为 １６～２３ｍｇ／ｋｇ时，铜的适 宜 添 加 量 为 前 期 ８ｍｇ／ｋｇ，后 期 ０～８ｍｇ／ｋｇ；全 期 维 生 素 Ａ 的 适 宜 添 加 量 为５０００ＩＵ／ｋｇ。 相似文献
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利用恒量释放的瘤胃内Ｃｒ２Ｏ３丸测定了放牧母牛夏季（第一阶段）第晚夏（第二阶段）两个时期的排粪量，并籍以分析牧草及投丸前母牛粪样中的Ｃｒ２Ｏ３含量，来确定Ｃｒ２Ｏ３的污染程度。研究发现在第一阶段，排粪量的全群最小平方均值比期望值低４８％，牧草中Ｃｒ２Ｏ３的平均值为５５．７μｇ／ｇ，或约为铬丸每日济量的４５％，第二阶段，牧草中Ｃｒ２Ｏ３的平均值为３８．３μｇ／ｇ，或约为铬丸每日剂量的２９％。这表明年 相似文献
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为了研究不同妊娠期牦牛子宫阜组织结构的特征，本实验采用HE染色分别对15 d、30 d、35 d、45 d、60 d、75 d、90 d、100 d、105 d和120 d的妊娠牦牛子宫阜进行切片染色并在显微镜下观察。研究发现牦牛不同妊娠阶段的子宫阜横切和纵切均主要见胎儿—母体连接组织，由呈索状排列的母体纤维构成结构支架，为组织提供支撑作用，其内可见毛细血管分布。随着妊娠时间的延长，子宫阜腔隙内间叶细胞、滋养外胚层和双核巨细胞增多，子宫阜纤维组织间腔隙逐渐扩大，纤维索也逐渐变粗。 相似文献
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异源抗原在建立ELISA检测传染性法氏囊病毒抗体中的应用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文报告采用ｖｅｒｏ细胞增殖的ＩＢＤＶ抗原建立了间接酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ），用于定量检测鸡传染性法氏囊病毒（ＩＢＤＶ）抗体。该法快速、敏感性高、特异性强、重复性好。同时，通过３０份血清样品ＥＬＩＳＡ效价（ＥＴ）的对数值（ｌｏｇＥＴ）与血清Ｐ／Ｎ值（待检血清ＯＤ值与阴性血清ＯＤ值之比）的线性回归分析，得直线方程ｙ＝３．０５８９＋０．０７３９ｘ（ｒ＝０．９１７４），从而血清样品的ＥＴ可通过血清单一稀释度的Ｐ／Ｎ值来计算。用不同来源抗原作ＥＬＩＳＡ表明，从ｖｅｒｏ细胞增殖的抗原比从鸡胚成纤维（ＣＥＦ）细胞增殖的抗原可提高检测血清ＯＤ值近２０％，表现出异源抗原具有更高的特异性 相似文献
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TM Tamminen L Sahlin B Masironi J Taponen O Laitinen‐Vapaavuori T Katila 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2017,52(1):153-159
The aim of the study was to localize oxytocin receptors (OTR) and measure mRNA expression of OTR in the canine uterus with and without the influence of progesterone. Uterine samples were taken from nine anoestrous and eight dioestrous bitches during ovariohysterectomy. Histological changes were evaluated in haematoxylin and eosin (HE)‐stained samples. Purified polyclonal antibody for OTR was used in immunohistochemistry to localize receptors in uterine layers. Relative mRNA concentration of OTR was evaluated with real‐time PCR from full‐thickness uterine samples taken from the middle horn and the body. Myometrial smooth muscle cells, endometrial luminal epithelium (LE) and deep and superficial glandular epithelium were positively stained for oxytocin receptors in non‐pregnant animals. No significant difference in staining intensity was detected between uterine middle horn and body. However, the staining intensity of LE was significantly higher in dioestrous than in anoestrous uteri (p < .05). Leucocytes and endothelium of blood vessels were also positively stained for OTR. Real‐time PCR showed no significant differences in OTR mRNA expression between the middle horn and the body of the uterus, or between anoestrous and dioestrous uterus. No correlation was noted between OTR mRNA expression and blood progesterone concentration. In conclusion, despite the apparent inactivity, the uterus of the non‐pregnant bitch expresses OTR. The distribution or relative expression of OTR does not differ between uterine horn and body in dioestrus or anoestrus except in LE. LE may have more oxytocin‐dependent activity during dioestrus than anoestrus. 相似文献
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Dirk K. Vanderwall Desirée M. RasmussenKevin G. Carnahan PhD Tracy L. Davis PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2012
The objectives of this study were to (1) compare the effect of twice versus once daily administration of oxytocin on days 7-14 after ovulation on the duration of corpus luteum (CL) function and (2) determine the effect of oxytocin treatment on endometrial oxytocin receptor concentration in mares. In experiment 1, mares were randomly assigned to three groups on day 7: (1) untreated control group (n = 7), (2) twice daily oxytocin treatment group (n = 7), and (3) once daily oxytocin treatment group (n = 8). Oxytocin-treated mares received 60 U of oxytocin intramuscularly (IM) the respective number of times each day on days 7 through 14. One of seven control mares (14%), five of seven (71%) twice daily oxytocin-treated mares, and five of eight (63%) once daily oxytocin-treated mares had prolonged CL function. There was no significant difference in the proportion of mares with prolonged CL function between the two oxytocin-treated groups, and collectively, oxytocin treatment increased (P < .05) the proportion of mares with prolonged CL function compared with no treatment. In experiment 2, mares were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 5/group): (1) saline-treated control mares, and (2) oxytocin-treated mares. Beginning on day 7, control mares received 3 mL of sterile saline IM twice daily, and oxytocin-treated mares received 60 U of oxytocin IM twice daily through day 14. On day 15, endometrial oxytocin-binding capacity was determined (as a measure of oxytocin receptor concentration), and there was no difference (P > .1) between control and oxytocin-treated mares (1,465.7 ± 108 and 1,382.8 ± 108 fmol/mg protein [mean ± standard error of mean], respectively). 相似文献
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Xiaoyu Lu Yiyong Liu Jing Zhang Xinglong Wu Xiangyun Li 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2021,56(6):942-947
It is probable that reduced pregnancy rates in ewes after fixed time artificial insemination (FTAI) is attributable, in part, to the reduced number of normal spermatozoa that colonize the oviduct. Administration of oxytocin stimulates both cervical dilation and uterine/oviductal contractility. The hypothesis that oxytocin can enhance sperm transport into the uteri and the oviducts, and thereby increase pregnancy rates, was tested in the present study. Oestrus was synchronized in 199 multiparous Kazak ewes using intravaginal flurogestone-impregnated sponge. The sponge was left in the vagina for 12 days followed with an injection of 330 IU of eCG at sponge removal. Each ewe was intracervically inseminated twice at 50 hr and 62 hr after the removal of sponges using an insemination catheter containing 0.25 ml of diluted semen. Semen was collected from seven Texel rams and all the ejaculates were pooled and diluted in ultra-high temperature-treated commercial skimmed milk without (Control group, 0.05 ml of saline per mL milk, n = 144) or with oxytocin supplement (Oxytocin group, 0.5 U of oxytocin per ml milk, n = 55). Pregnancy status was determined by transabdominal ultrasound examination 45 days after insemination. Lambing performance was recorded at delivery. Significant differences were observed between the Oxytocin group and the Control group in terms of the pregnancy rate and the fecundity rate (85.5% and 92.7% versus 68.8% and 72.9%, respectively). In conclusion, low dose oxytocin supplementation of semen extender significantly increased pregnancy and fecundity rates in oestrus-synchronized Kazak ewes after FTAI. 相似文献
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Non-genomic actions of progesterone and estrogens in regulating reproductive events in domestic animals 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
It has been established that nuclear receptors mediate the action of estrogens and progestins in regulating gene expression in the hypothalamic-hypophyseal-gonadal axis of domestic animals during various reproductive states. Results of recent in vitro studies suggest that estradiol-17beta and progesterone can act non-genomically to affect signal transduction responses in target cells by binding to receptors in the plasma membrane. The genomic action of steroids is generally detectable in hours to days whereas non-genomic responses of cells occur in seconds to minutes. The nature of the plasma membrane receptors for estrogens and progesterone has been explored but has not been conclusively established for all cell types studied. In the ewe, estradiol-17beta or estradiol-bovine serum albumin conjugate has been shown by in vitro and in vivo approaches to act non-genomically to suppress luteinizing hormone secretion by gonadotropes and stimulate production of nitric oxide by uterine arterial endothelial cells. Progesterone has been shown to inhibit oxytocin (OT) binding to its receptor in isolated ovine endometrial plasma membranes. This non-genomic action of progesterone blocks OT activation of the phosphoinositide cascade and production of prostaglandin F(2alpha) by ovine and bovine endometrium. The acrosome reaction of caprine and porcine spermatozoa is activated by the non-genomic action of progesterone. Further research is required to define the biological significances of the non-genomic actions of estrogens and progestins. 相似文献
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Progesterone and estrogens play key roles in regulating various physiological phenomena related to normal growth, development, and reproduction of domestic animals. This review focuses on the mechanisms by which progesterone and estrogens regulate the reproductive processes in these animals. The majority of research on the actions of progesterone and estrogens on the reproductive systems of cattle, sheep, and pigs has been genomic in nature and represents attempts to better understand how these steroids regulate gene expression. Results of recent research suggest that progesterone and estrogens can alter target cell responses nongenomically via membrane receptors. The characteristics of membrane receptors for progesterone and estrogen in various cell types are described and the intracellular signal pathways defined. Estrogens acting via membrane receptors can suppress LH secretion by gonadotropes and stimulate rapid increases in uterine blood flow. Progesterone acting via a membrane receptor has been shown to inhibit binding of oxytocin to oxytocin receptors in isolated endometrial plasma membranes and stimulate capacitation of spermatozoa. Results of research suggest that progesterone and estrogens can act nongenomically to alter target cell responses in domestic animals. The biological implications of this mode of action in these animals are discussed. 相似文献
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Nongonadal LH receptors, their involvement in female reproductive function and a new applicable approach 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Ziecik AJ Bodek G Blitek A Kaczmarek M Waclawik A 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2005,169(1):75-84
Luteinising hormone (LH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) share a common receptor in gonadal cells. The receptors have also been detected in several nongonadal but reproduction-associated tissues of pigs, cattle, and other species including the uterus (myometrium, endometrium), oviduct, cervix, blood vessels, mammary gland and other tissues. The main role of LH/hCG receptors in the myometrium is stimulation of growth and hyperplasia, and relaxation of uterine motility; hCG also boosts blood flow in the uterine artery. LH and hCG can increase production of prostaglandins in the endometrium, oviduct, and blood vessels. We suggest that the preovulatory surge of LH plays an important role in controlling oviductal contractions. Awareness of LH binding to many tissues of the female reproductive tract and integration with embryonic factors may lead to the elaboration of new strategies for improved reproductive efficiency in domestic species. Mammary glands also possess LH/hCG receptors through which gonadotropins can affect the metabolism of steroid hormones and could play an inhibitory role in mammary carcinogenesis and in the growth of breast tumours. A novel approach to target and ablate carcinoma cells through LH receptors is described. 相似文献
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Walter I Klein M Handler J Aurich JE Reifinger M Aurich C 《American journal of veterinary research》2001,62(6):840-845
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate changes of glycoconjugate in uterine glands of endometrial tissues obtained from mares. ANIMALS: adult mares. PROCEDURE: Uterine biopsy samples were collected during the breeding season and analyzed histologically for signs of chronic endometrial degeneration. Stage of the estrous cycle was established, using clinical examination and determination of hormonal status. Uterine tissue samples were analyzed, using lectin histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques (estrogen and progesterone receptors). Connective tissues were stained to determine alterations of ground substance in periglandular fibrosis. RESULTS: Of 50 mares, 30 (60%) were classified as normal or having modest alterations, and 20 (40%) were classified as having moderate or severe endometrial degeneration. In normal equine endometrium, several lectins (Helix pomatia agglutinin, Lotus tetragonolobus agglutinin, Ricinus communis I agglutinin, Ulex europaeus agglutinin, and wheat germ agglutinin) bound to glycoconjugates of the luminal epithelium and openings of uterine glands. Lectin binding patterns of cystic dilated glands or fibrotic glands in endometrial samples were remarkably strong, whereas normal surrounding cells remained unstained. Lotus tetragonolobus lectin was not suitable for detecting endometrial alterations. Connective tissues stained with Alcian blue and results of Hale colloidal-iron binding revealed acidic ground substance in periglandular fibrosis. Estrogen and progesterone receptors were evenly distributed in healthy and affected endometrial samples. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Glycoconjugate patterns of uterine glands were altered in mares with chronic endometrial degeneration. Therefore, uterine secretions are likely to be altered. These changes are not induced by changes in content of estrogen and progesterone receptors in endometrial tissues. 相似文献
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G. Maffeo D. Vigo R. Ballabio O. Olivia F. Cairoli W. Jöchle 《Reproduction in domestic animals》1990,25(1):36-43
Contents: Uterine activity, i.e. myometrial contractions, were recorded in 11 sows prior to and during parturition by using strain gauges placed onto uterine horns about 15 to 20 cm cranial of the bifurcation. Tocographic patterns observed prior to and during spontaneous and alfaprostol induced parturitions were normal. Administration of 20, 10 or 5 I.U. oxytocin 22 hours after alfaprostol quickly initiated abnormal periparturient contraction patterns with 20 and 10 I.U. oxytocin and in one of two animals receiving 5 I. U. These were characterized initially by prolonged tetanic contractions resulting in delayed deliveries, and later by the premature occurrence of patterns seen normally only during the phase of placental expulsions, although not all piglets had been delivered. The importance to use myornetrial activity profiles to evaluate parturition induction methods was stressed . 相似文献
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Kaori MURATA Miho NAGASAWA Tatsushi ONAKA Ken-ichi TAKEYAMA Takefumi KIKUSUI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(3):478
The biological and psychological significance of oxytocin is increasingly recognized; however, reliable assays of oxytocin in biological samples have not been developed. We raised a new oxytocin polyclonal rabbit antibody against synthetic oxytocin. The affinity of antibodies to oxytocin was examined by a radio-immunoassay and compared with that of a previously validated antibody. One antibody showed affinity for oxytocin in the radio-immunoassay. We developed a solid-phase ELISA for oxytocin using this antibody and compared it with existing methods. The newly developed ELISA showed comparable results using urine samples but not using serum samples. These results indicate that the new ELISA is useful for urinary oxytocin; further modifications, such as different extraction methods, are needed for its application to serum oxytocin. 相似文献
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MAM Taverne NCM de Schwartz M Kankofer MM Bevers HA van Oord D Schams St Gutjahr & GC van der Weijden 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2001,36(5):267-272
The aim of this study was to test the functional status of uterine oxytocin receptors in cows in vivo around parturition. The animals received consecutive, intra‐arterial injections of 800, 1600 and 3200 mU of oxytocin at three different stages: during late gestation (days 260–274), at 12 h and at 24 h after intramuscular injection of a prostaglandin F2α analogue at day 275 to induce parturition. Cows (n=6) had been provided with myometrial electrodes and a catheter had been installed in the aorta and in a branch of the uterine vein (UV). Regular blood samples were obtained from the UV from 5 min before until 45 min after each oxytocin injection to measure plasma levels of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and oxytocin. Uterine electromyographic (EMG) activity was registered continuously during each experiment. The increase of oxytocin levels in UV plasma after intra‐arterial injections was dose dependent (p < 0.02). Pre‐ and post treatment oxytocin levels at 24 h after induction of parturition were significantly increased (p=0.0313). Both during late pregnancy and at 12 h after induction of parturition, oxytocin caused a significant increase in EMG activity (p=0.022). After the 3200 mU dose the increase was significantly higher than with the other 2 doses (p=0.004). After each dose, EMG activity returned to baseline levels within some 15 min. At 24 h after induction of parturition, the pre‐treatment level of EMG activity had increased. Doses of 800 mU and 1600 mU of oxytocin produced a significant (p=0.022) increment of EMG activity, which was of the same magnitude as during the preceding stages; after 3200 mU of oxytocin the response was significantly higher than before (p=0.008). No significant increases of PGF2α levels in UV plasma could be measured after oxytocin injections at any of the three stages. It is concluded that the myometrium of the pregnant cow responds in vivo to physiological doses of oxytocin. At 24 h after induction of parturition, when luteolysis has occurred and a parturient pattern of parturient myometrial activity has already started to develop, the response is enhanced. Physiological doses of oxytocin did not evoke a spurt release of PGF2α in uterine venous blood during the peripartal period. 相似文献