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对某奶牛场30头奶牛子宫内膜炎致病菌的分离鉴定结果表明,主要致病菌是大肠杆菌、链球菌和葡萄球菌。采集经产健康奶牛阴道黏液,经细菌分离纯化以及形态和生化鉴定,结果表明,主要的细菌是嗜酸乳杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌、柠檬酸肠杆菌、大肠埃希氏杆菌、多粒芽孢杆菌、肠膜明串珠菌、短小芽胞杆菌、干燥奈瑟氏球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌。用经产健康奶牛阴道正常细菌培养的全菌液和过滤液,对三种致病菌进行拮抗试验,参照抗生素药敏试验标准判定结果。结果表明,在上述几种健康牛阴道细菌中,多粒芽孢杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌的细菌全菌液和过滤液对三种病原菌的拮抗作用最强,其中对链球菌和葡萄球菌呈高度敏感状态。 相似文献
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接种不同菌液的发酵液体饲料对断奶仔猪养分消化率和腹泻的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验研究接种不同菌液的发酵液体饲料（FLF）对断奶仔猪腹泻和养分利用率的影响。选择72头平均体重为（10.14±0.32）kg的杜长大三元杂种断奶仔猪,随机分成6个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复3头仔猪。6个处理断奶仔猪分别采食全价配合饲料（对照）、液体饲料（全价配合饲料加水）、玉米乳杆菌FLF、EM菌FLF、混合乳酸菌FLF和嗜酸乳杆菌FLF。预试期为7d,试验期为28d。试验结果显示：①接种玉米乳杆菌和混合乳酸菌的FLF较接种其它菌液的FLF对断奶仔猪腹泻指数和腹泻率的降低作用更为明显（P〈0.05）,EM菌FLF、嗜酸乳杆菌FLF和液体饲料对仔猪腹泻率和腹泻指数没有显著影响;②接种玉米乳杆菌FLF可显著提高断奶仔猪对饲料中总磷和粗灰分的表观消化率,对饲料中粗蛋白质和钙的表观消化率也有提高的趋势,但差异不显著;混合乳酸菌FLF组总磷的表观消化率较对照组显著提高,钙和粗灰分的表观消化率有提高的趋势,但效果不显著。接种EM菌和嗜酸乳杆菌发酵液体饲料未能改善断奶仔猪对钙、总磷、粗蛋白质和粗灰分的表观消化率（P〉0.05）。结果表明,接种乳酸菌可以改善断奶仔猪腹泻和提高营养成分表观消化率,且这些菌液中接种玉米乳杆菌的效果最为显著。 相似文献
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植酸酶和嗜酸乳杆菌是重要的饲料添加剂,为获得产植酸酶的嗜酸乳杆菌菌株,克隆了大肠杆菌植酸酶基因,构建表达载体并转化嗜酸乳杆菌,对重组嗜酸乳杆菌进行发酵产酶并测定所产酶液的酶学性质,进一步研究重组嗜酸乳杆菌的耐酸性及植酸酶液的抗蛋白酶活性。结果表明：重组嗜酸乳杆菌发酵24 h植酸酶活性为984 U/mL,植酸酶的最适催化pH为4.5,最适催化温度为60℃。重组嗜酸乳杆菌在pH 2.0～4.5有一定的耐酸性,在pH 2.0条件下2 h的存活率为76.4%。植酸酶液用胃蛋白酶处理160 min后植酸酶液剩余85%的相对酶活,用胰蛋白酶处理160 min后剩余29%的相对酶活。上述研究结果为重组嗜酸乳杆菌后续应用研究提供了重要依据。 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2019,(20):22-27
研究旨在探讨不同处理豆粕及嗜酸乳杆菌培养物对断奶仔猪肠道微生态系统的影响。试验选用遗传背景、胎次和体重相近的21日龄断奶仔猪240头,按随机区组设计分为5个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复12头。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮。试验Ⅰ组仔猪饲喂发酵豆粕代替10%普通豆粕的试验饲粮,试验Ⅱ组仔猪饲喂用膨化大豆代替对照组饲粮中豆粕的饲粮,试验Ⅲ组饲粮是在对照组基础上用嗜酸乳杆菌培养物代替3%原有原料,试验Ⅳ组饲粮是在对照组基础上用嗜酸乳杆菌培养物代替5%原有原料。试验期21 d。结果表明,嗜酸乳杆菌培养物可促进仔猪肠道厚壁菌门丰富度增加,变形菌门数量降低(P>0.05),广古菌门丰富度和乳杆菌属数量显著增加(P<0.05);发酵豆粕可使仔猪粪球菌属数量显著上升、弧形杆菌属显著降低(P<0.05);膨化大豆及3%嗜酸乳杆菌培养物组仔猪肠道菌群丰富度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其中膨化大豆组仔猪盲肠内乳酸杆菌数量显著升高,3%嗜酸乳杆菌组仔猪盲肠内乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌数量显著升高(P<0.05)。由此可知,饲粮添加发酵豆粕、膨化大豆及嗜酸乳杆菌培养物均能在一定程度上有效增加仔猪肠道有益菌数量,促使肠道微生态系统更加稳定,且3%嗜酸乳杆菌培养物的效果最佳。 相似文献
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嗜酸乳杆菌是一种具有重要商业价值的益生菌,嗜酸乳杆菌的高密度发酵技术对于该菌的工业化生产有重要应用价值。本文对嗜酸乳杆菌的营养需求、冷冻环境适应策略以及高密度发酵探索等方面的研究进行综述,旨在为嗜酸乳杆菌的生产提供理论参考。 相似文献
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选择长白二元杂交断奶仔猪90头进行试验,断奶日龄为35d。共分为五个组,每组设3个重复,每个重复随机选取健康仔猪6头。试验1组:饲喂基础日粮+0.1%复合制剂(纳豆杆菌、双歧杆菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌);试验2组:饲喂基础日粮+0.1%复合制剂(纳豆杆菌、双歧杆菌、干酪乳杆菌);试验3组:饲喂基础日粮+0.1%复合制剂(纳豆杆菌、双歧杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌);试验4组:饲喂基础日粮+0.1%复合制剂(纳豆杆菌、双歧杆菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌)。对照组饲喂基础日粮。其中复合制剂中益生菌活菌数为l09cfu/g。饲养30d后观察复合活菌制剂对断奶仔猪生长性能及血清溶菌酶含量的影响。结果:在日增重、饲料效率及血清溶菌酶方面,试验1组和2组显著高于对照组(P<0.05);在腹泻率方面,试验组均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究表明,在仔猪日粮中添加复合活菌制剂可提高每头断奶仔猪平均日增重及饲料效率,降低腹泻的发病率,且增高了仔猪血清溶菌酶含量,提高了仔猪的免疫机能,从而提高了经济效益。 相似文献
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选用30日龄杜×长·大三元杂交商品仔猪40头,研究了硫酸粘杆菌素、活菌制剂及酶制剂在基础日粮中单独使用与配合使用对促进仔猪生长及防治腹泻的效果。结果表明,各试验组仔猪平均日增重比对照组有显著提高。其中以在基础日粮中添加硫酸粘杆菌素20mg/kg与添加活菌制剂200mg/kg配合使用效果最明显,比对照组提高了16.7%(P<0.05)。在饲料转化率方面,添加硫酸粘杆菌素20mg/kg不明显,添加硫酸粘杆菌素20mg/kg 活菌制剂200mg/kg和硫酸粘杆菌素20mg/kg 酶制剂1g/kg两组均比对照组有显著提高(P<0.05),从防治腹泻情况看,对照组仔猪腹泻率28%,添加硫酸粘杆菌素20mg/kg腹泻率8.5%,添加硫酸粘杆菌素20mg/kg 活菌制剂200mg/kg和添加硫酸粘杆菌素20mg/kg 酶制剂1g/kg两组未见腹泻。利用硫酸粘杆菌素,特别是将其分别与活菌制剂和酶制剂配合使用,对提高仔猪日增重和饲料转化率以及防止仔猪腹泻发生都有较好效果。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究预防犊牛腹泻复合微生态制剂3株菌种的配比优化。通过研究嗜酸乳杆菌、布氏酵母菌、枯草芽孢杆菌不同浓度人工胃液、人工肠液、牛胆盐的耐受性及其对大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌性,确定其生物学特性;以大肠杆菌K99为指示菌,研究3种益生菌不同配比对大肠杆菌K99的抑菌效果,以确定其最佳组合。结果表明:(1)3种益生菌在不同pH人工胃培养条件下都具有较好的耐受性,其中嗜酸乳杆菌、芽孢杆菌在pH为5时,存活率达到了118.75%、142.24%,布氏酵母菌对不同pH均表现成活率达到了100%以上。(2)3种益生菌在人工胃液中9 h存活率较高,与0 h的OD600相比,布氏酵母菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌存活率分别为108.7%、129.73%、96.37%。(3)在含有不同浓度的牛胆盐培养基中,布氏酵母菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌存活率较对照组的存活率最高为60.49%、85.1%、47.42%。(4)3株益生菌按照不同配比在培养12 h后,试验组第2、4、8组较对照组相比差异显著(P<0.05);培养24 h后,试验组第3、4、5、6较对照组差异显著(P<0.05),组间差异不显著(P>0.05);第8个处理组在培养12 h后对大肠杆菌K99的抑菌效果较好。综合分析,3株益生菌对人工胃液、人工肠液、牛胆盐具有较好的耐受性,并具对大肠杆菌K99、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等致病菌均有一定的抑菌特性。嗜酸乳杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、布氏酵母菌最佳的优化配比为3:3:1。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究嗜酸乳杆菌发酵中药对产肠毒素大肠杆菌（enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli,ETEC）K88所致腹泻小鼠的影响。选取6~8周龄巴比西小鼠（BALB/c）100只,分为4组,分别为空白对照组（Ⅰ组）、大肠杆菌感染模型组（Ⅱ组）、中药发酵组（Ⅲ组）及中药水提组（Ⅳ组）,其中Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组小鼠均用"抗生素+大肠杆菌"模式造模。Ⅰ、Ⅱ组饲喂不含任何药物的基础日粮,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别在基础日粮中添加10%中药发酵液、10%中药水提液。统计分析各组小鼠腹泻率、腹泻指数、免疫器官指数、肠道菌群及细胞因子IFN-γ、IL-4的含量。结果显示,ETEC K88感染小鼠36 h后,与Ⅱ组相比,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组小鼠腹泻指数（P < 0.05）与腹泻率降低,且Ⅲ组腹泻指数显著低于Ⅳ组（P < 0.05）,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组盲肠内大肠杆菌数量较Ⅱ组降低,双歧杆菌及乳酸菌数量提高,且Ⅲ组效果更优;Ⅲ、Ⅳ组的免疫器官指数均高于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组,且与Ⅱ组相比,Ⅲ组的脾脏指数、胸腺指数及肝脏指数分别提高了48.37%、29.57%、36.88%,且差异均显著（P < 0.05）;Ⅲ、Ⅳ组IFN-γ/IL-4比值较Ⅱ组提高,且Ⅲ组高于Ⅳ组。综上所述,乳酸菌发酵中药液具有降低腹泻小鼠腹泻率及腹泻指数,提高免疫器官指数,维持肠道菌群平衡及快速消除体内炎症反应等作用,可为开发防制ETEC所致的仔猪腹泻产品提供参考。 相似文献
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果寡糖和枯草芽孢杆菌对肉鸡肠道菌群数量及生产性能的影响 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：8
本试验选用360只1日龄AA肉公鸡,通过在饲粮中添加果寡糖和枯草芽孢杆菌,考察其对肉鸡肠道菌群数量及生产性能的影响。结果表明:果寡糖和枯草芽孢杆菌具有选择性地增加肉鸡盲肠中的乳酸杆菌等有益菌群的数量,减少大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌等有害菌的数量,二者的配合使用可以更好地调节肉鸡肠道微生态系统。果寡糖和枯草芽孢杆菌能在一定程度上改善肉鸡的生产性能,取得与添加金霉素相似的效果;果寡糖和枯草芽孢杆菌的配合使用可以取得更好的抗腹泻和促生长效果。 相似文献
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猪源约氏乳酸杆菌JJB3和枯草芽孢杆菌JS01对仔猪肠道分泌型免疫球蛋白A和菌群的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文旨在研究不同来源的益生素对仔猪分泌型免疫球蛋白A(SIgA)和主要肠道菌群的影响.选取初生仔猪72头,分别饲喂猪源约氏乳酸杆菌JJB3和枯草芽孢杆菌JS01,检测粪样SIgA和主要肠道菌群.结果表明:采用双抗夹心ELISA方法检测粪样SIgA,不同处理组仔猪的SIgA水平没有显著差异,随日龄增加而降低,但是,益生素可以延缓仔猪断奶前抗体水平下降的速度,约氏乳酸杆菌的效果优于枯草芽孢杆菌.35日龄时,对照组大肠杆菌数量显著高于约氏乳酸杆菌组(P<0.05);在7、14和29日龄时,试验组梭菌的数量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);在7和21日龄时,约氏乳酸杆菌处理组消化球菌显著高于对照组(P<0.05);约氏乳酸杆菌组的肠球菌数量只是在29日龄显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组乳酸杆菌的数量只是在7日龄显著高于对照组(P<0.05);双歧杆菌在不同处理组之间都没有显著差异.添加这2种益生素均可以显著提高仔猪日增重和降低腹泻指数(P<0.05).该试验结果说明这2种益生素虽然对初生仔猪肠道SIgA没有显著影响,但是能增加肠道厌氧菌的数量,并有效控制仔猪腹泻和提高仔猪日增重. 相似文献
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Two experiments, each with a randomized complete block design, were conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding live cultures of Lactobacillus acidophilus plus Propionibacterium freudenreichii on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle. British and British x Continental steers (240 steers in each experiment; 12 pens/treatment in each study; average initial BW = 370 +/- 6 kg) were fed a 92% concentrate diet based primarily on steam-flaked corn. Four treatments were evaluated, which included a control diet (lactose carrier only) or diets containing 1 x 10(9) cfu/(steer x d) of P. freudenreichii (strain NP 24) with 1 x 10(7) (L), 1 x 10(8) (M), or 1 x 10(9) (H) cfu of L. acidophilus strain NP 51/(steer x d). Data were pooled for the 2 experiments. No differences (P > 0.10) were detected among treatments for final BW, final BW based on HCW, or DMI during various stages of the feeding period or overall. Likewise, no differences among treatments were observed for either ADG or carcass-adjusted ADG (P > 0.10), except for the tendency for a quadratic effect of NP 51 dose for the overall feeding period (P = 0.10), in which cattle fed M had a lower ADG than those fed L and H. Gain efficiency on a live BW basis was improved (P = 0.02) by NP 51 treatments compared with the control, with G:F responding quadratically to NP 51 dose for the overall feeding period (P = 0.05). In contrast to G:F based on live BW, carcass-adjusted G:F tended (P = 0.14) to decrease linearly with increasing NP 51 dose because the dressing percent tended (P = 0.12) to be less for steers fed direct-fed microbial compared with control cattle. Within the direct-fed microbial treatments, there also was a tendency (P = 0.13) for a linear decrease in the dressing percent as the NP 51 dose increased. No differences were observed in other carcass characteristics (P > 0.10), except tendencies for a quadratic increase in marbling score (P = 0.11) and percentage of USDA Choice cattle (P = 0.10). These data indicate that live cultures of L. acidophilus strain NP 51 plus P. freudenreichii strain NP 24 increased G:F of feedlot cattle fed steam-flaked corn-based diets by approximately 2%, but the effects depended on the dose of Lactobacillus. 相似文献
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Marshall-Jones ZV Baillon ML Croft JM Butterwick RF 《American journal of veterinary research》2006,67(6):1005-1012
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with the probiotic strain Lactobacillus acidophilus DSM13241 in healthy adult cats. ANIMALS: 15 adult cats. PROCEDURES: Cats were fed a nutritionally complete dry food for 5 weeks. Fecal character was assessed daily, and a single fecal sample and 3-mL blood sample were collected for bacterial enumeration and hematologic analysis, respectively. Cats were then fed the same diet supplemented with L acidophilus DSM13241 (2 x 10(8) CFU/d) for 4.5 weeks. Repeat fecal and hematologic measurements were taken prior to the return to control diet for a 4-week period. RESULTS: The probiotic species was recovered from feces, demonstrating survival through the feline gastrointestinal tract. Probiotic supplementation was associated with increased numbers of beneficial Lactobacillus and L acidophilus groups in feces and decreased numbers of Clostridium spp and Enterococcus faecalis, indicating an altered bacterial balance in the gastrointestinal tract microflora. Fecal pH was also decreased suggesting a colonic environment selective for the beneficial lactic acid bacterial population. Systemic and immunomodulatory effects were associated with administration of L acidophilus DSM13241 including altered cell numbers within WBC subsets and enhanced phagocytic capacity in the peripheral granulocyte population. In addition, plasma endotoxin concentrations were decreased during probiotic feeding, and RBCs had a decreased susceptibility to osmotic pressure. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Probiotic strain L acidophilus DSM13241 fed at 2 x 10(8) CFU/d can alter the balance of gastrointestinal microflora in healthy cats. Furthermore, administration of this probiotic results in beneficial systemic and immunomodulatory effects in cats. 相似文献
17.
[Objective] The paper was to isolate and identify probiotics in the intestine of laying hens. [Method] The intestinal probiotics in laying hens at peak period were isolated using conventional separation methods; the physical and chemical properties of target strains and in vitro antibacterial effects were measured. Moreover, the safety test of chicks was conducted. [Result] Four strains of lactobacillus were isolated from the jejunum of laying hens, including Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus acidophilus, L. delbrueckii subsp. Delbrueckii and L. delbrueckii subsp. Lactis, and their inhibition zone diameters were 18.30, 16.07, 11.45, 17.26 mm, respectively. One strain of Lactobacillus, L. brevis, was isolated from the cecum, with the inhibition zone diameter of 10.26 mm. Three strains of bacillus were isolated from the cecum, including Bacillus subtilis, B. cereus and B. licheniformis, and their inhibition zone diameters were 9.25, 8.46 and 8.37 mm, respectively. Daily drinking 2 billion units of viable bacteria was the safe dosage for chicks. [Conclusion] Eight strains of probiotics had certain inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli O_2, and had no toxic side effects to chicks. Lactobacillus had strong antibacterial effect on E. coli O_2, while the antibacterial effect of bacillus was relatively weak. 相似文献
18.
为了研究和比较几种不同微生态制剂对生长猪生产性能和血清生化指标的影响,试验选用60 kg左右的杜×长×大三元杂交生长猪150头,随机分为5组,每组设3个重复,每个重复10头,1组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,2～5组分别在基础日粮中添加75 mg/kg赐美健、0.2%的枯草芽孢杆菌、0.2%金倍素和0.2%嗜酸乳杆菌,进行为期35 d的饲养试验。结果表明:与对照组相比,2～5组平均日增重分别提高0、2.78%、11.11%、9.72%,其中4(0.2%金倍素)组和5(0.2%嗜酸乳杆菌)组显著高于其他试验组(P<0.05);2～5组均有提高总蛋白、白蛋白含量,降低尿素氮含量和提高碱性磷酸酶活性的趋势,其中4(0.2%金倍素)组的总蛋白含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。说明在日粮中添加微生态制剂可以提高生长猪生长性能,改善血清生化指标,且以添加0.2%金倍素的效果最佳。 相似文献
19.
本试验利用Blue Light Broth "Nissui"和MRS培养基对门源县饲喂羊的青贮饲料中的菌种进行了分离分纯和16S rRNA序列通用引物PCR扩增和测序鉴定,分离分纯得到12株菌,其中8株为地衣芽孢杆菌,1株为单纯芽孢杆菌,2株为干酪乳杆菌,1株为副乳杆菌。 相似文献