共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 343 毫秒
1.
树木年轮学综论 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2017,(3)
树木年轮学是一门研究年轮特性,并利用年轮来定年和分析过去环境变化的科学,其学科内涵却不仅限于对活树或原木或木制品精确定年,还可利用年轮固有的信息追索或重建自然环境演变的历史过程,利用年轮鉴定古建筑、古文物、古艺术品的年代。本综论包括4部分:(1)树木年轮学概述:对树木年轮学的概念、研究对象、形成简史进行扼要的论述。(2)对学科的基本原理和研究方法进行了要述,其中,交叉定年、年轮匹配、年轮衔接或年轮桥接法是关键技术,它是核实树木年轮的真实年龄和建立树木年表史重要的手段。其次,生态幅度(敏感性原理)对研究对象树木取样是非常重要的原理和方法。(3)本学科在应用和发展中已分化为下列主要学科:树轮年表学;树轮生物学;树轮气候学;树轮火灾学;树轮地貌学;树轮化学、树轮考古学。其中以树轮年表学、树轮气候学和树轮考古学取得更多的成果,甚至是惊人的,如欧洲取得了数千年以至万年的树轮年表史。树木年轮学产生和发迹于树轮气候学,它主要成果体现于建立有关地区古气候的复原史。(4)展望了树木年轮学今后本学科发展的新阶段,本学科将进入年轮木材细胞学水平,不再局限于以年轮的宽度为主要研究对象;图像识别技术将取代肉眼观测。 相似文献
2.
随着我国树木年轮学的发展,针叶乔木、阔叶乔木和灌木越来越多树种被应用于树轮-气候响应研究,使得研究区也延伸到了森林以外的区域。本文收集和梳理了我国学者发表的关于树木径向生长对气候响应的研究,从不同角度论述了树木径向生长对气候响应的复杂性,并对未来树轮-气候响应研究进行展望。在气候变暖的背景下,环境的强烈变化让树木生长对气候的响应变得更加复杂,为了更准确地评估未来气候变化情景下外界环境对树木生长的影响及不断拓展我国树木年轮学的研究范围,我国的树木年轮学应继续探索更多的适宜树种,不断完善我国树木年轮资料库,充分发挥树木年轮学在应对未来气候变化和森林生态保护的应用潜力和科研价值。 相似文献
3.
三峡库区秭归县不同海拔马尾松径向生长对气候的响应 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
利用采自三峡库区秭归县不同海拔高度的马尾松树轮样芯,分别建立树木年轮宽度年表.包括标准年表和差值年表,并对2种年表进行比较.运用相关函数及单年分析等树木年轮学方法,研究秭归县马尾松在不同海拔高度处的径向生长与气候变化的关系.最后通过多元回归得出不同海拔高度处马尾松年轮指数与气候因子的关系模型.结果表明:在正常的气候条件下,海拔300 m处马尾松生长受上年6和10月份降雨量和湿润指数的影响,与当年气候因子的关系不显著;海拔600 m处马尾松生长与上年6月份温度呈显著相关,还受当年7月份的月平均降雨量和湿润指数的影响;海拔900 m处马尾松生长不仅与当年2月份温度呈显著相关,还受当年12月份月平均降雨量和湿润指数的影响,单年分析进一步印证了这种关系. 相似文献
4.
树木年轮与气候变化关系研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
综述树木年轮分析在温度、降水序列和大气CO2浓度变化研究中的应用概况,着重探讨气候变化对树轮宽度、密度和稳定同位素组成的影响,如温度、降水对树木生长的"滞后效应"、"幼龄效应",并就树轮年代学在气候变化研究中存在的问题和研究前景作简要探讨,提出今后年轮气候学的研究应结合中、小时间尺度的树木生理生态学特性进行,需阐明树木和环境各因子之间的相互作用机理及量化关系,应加强各类代用资料与仪器观测记录结果的对比分析,并加强对年轮气候模型的验证,研究方法应由经验性分析转向机理性研究,并注重多学科知识的综合运用. 相似文献
5.
以大兴安岭根河地区兴安落叶松为研究对象,论述了合理建立标准化年轮年表的方法.根据兴安落叶松生长时受多种因素影响的特点,采用线性回归和负指数函数回归结合法拟合生长趋势曲线,利用比值法去除与树龄相关的生长趋势、保留气候信息,用加权平均法最终建立标准年轮年表.而且对年表特征及年表与气候要素的相关性进行了分析,年表的平均敏感度为0.213,信噪比为12.542,标准差为0.645.年轮年表与年平均温度、年平均最高温度和最低温度的相关性均达到0.01水平上显著相关,与年降水量呈负相关.相关分析表明,本文所建立的年轮年表科学、合理,可以进行重建过去气候变化的研究. 相似文献
6.
[目的]利用天山北坡中段的雪岭云杉(Picea schrenkiana)资料,建立上、下林线的树轮宽度年表,并进行树木径向生长特征分析。[方法]将下线雪岭云杉按树龄划分为幼龄组、中龄组与老龄组,计算不同树龄雪岭云杉树木胸高断面积增长量(BAI),以此建立ARIMA模型,模拟分析雪岭云杉径向生长过程。[结果]与上树线相比,下树线的树轮宽度年表中蕴含着更多的气候信息。ARIMA模型模拟的3个树龄组雪岭云杉BAI变化中,中龄组观测值与模拟值拟合效果最优(R2=0.832)。因ARIMA模型基于单变量自身变化趋势进行建模,故结合现有气象数据进行气候突变前后生长趋势变化分析,发现幼龄雪岭云杉实测BAI总体上增长显著,但增速逐渐减缓。[结论]中、老龄雪岭云杉BAI在气温突变前呈减小趋势,在气温突变后,中龄云杉BAI趋于平稳,老龄云杉BAI由减小趋势转变为增加趋势。 相似文献
7.
树木生长和立地环境密切相关并受气候变化的影响,树木年轮宽度、密度及稳定同位素等作为反应气候与环境变化的重要参数指标,已被广大生态学家所重视并应用。文章总结了几种主要的树木年轮分析方法及在气候变化中的应用,着重探讨了气候变化对树木年轮结构的影响,以及树木年轮分析森林干扰研究中的应用,并对未来全球变化中的树木年轮研究的前景做了简要的分析。 相似文献
8.
应用树木年轮生态学方法研究三峡库区云阳县柏木生长动态,通过交叉定年并滤除遗传因子对生长的影响,建立柏木标准年表和残差年表,并进行年表与气候因子相关性分析。结果表明:云阳县柏木年轮生长与当年春季平均温度之间存在极显著负相关关系,与1,2月的月平均温度之间存在显著负相关关系;月降雨量和湿度指数对柏木生长没有显著影响。柏木鞭角华扁叶蜂的发生与标准年表的相关分析表明柏木叶蜂的发生总面积、柏木感虫率与柏木生长存在显著相关关系。通过多元回归得出云阳柏木年轮指数与气候因子的关系模型,用于柏木生长的预测模拟。 相似文献
9.
基于树木年轮学方法,在哈巴雪山海拔上、下限采集高山松年轮样本,建立差值年表并分析其与气候因子关系,以揭示影响该区域高山松(Pinus densata)径向生长的主要气候因子。结果表明:海拔上限高山松径向生长主要受上年8月水热状况影响,还与当年3月平均最高温呈显著正相关、与5月平均温和6月降水均呈显著负相关;海拔下限高山松径向生长主要受当年5月水热状况影响,还与上年12月降水呈显著正相关;哈巴雪山高山松径向生长与气候因子关系较为稳定。通过对横断山区树轮研究的补充,可为未来气候变化下森林保护提供理论依据。 相似文献
10.
川西亚高山森林岷江冷杉树轮碳稳定同位素对气候要素的响应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用四川卧龙亚高山暗针叶林岷江冷杉树木年轮样本资料,建立树轮宽度年表,对比宽度年表,提取树木年轮(简称树轮)碳稳定同位素(δ13C)序列和去趋势序列(DS),研究岷江冷杉树轮碳稳定同位素序列对气候要素的响应关系.结果表明:岷江冷杉(1904-2009年)树轮碳稳定同位素变化范围为-23.33‰～-26.31％‰,平均值为-24.91‰,变异系数为-0.025;相关分析表明,岷江冷杉δ13C序列(DS)与前一年11月和当年1月的月平均气温显著正相关(P≤0.05),与前一年1月和当年2,11月的月平均气温极显著正相关(P≤0.01),冬季平均气温对岷江冷杉树轮碳稳定同位素的响应最为敏感,是研究过去环境变化的良好载体,与当年1月降水量显著正相关(P≤0.05),与全年的月平均相对湿度相关性不显著(P≥0.05). 相似文献
11.
Larix olgensis is a dominant tree species in the forest ecosystems of the Changbai Mountains of northeast China.To assess the growth response of this species to global climate change,we developed three tree-ring width and biomass chronologies across a range of elevations in the subalpine forests on the eastern slope of the Changbai Mountains.We used dendroclimatic analyses to study key factors limiting radial growth in L.olgensis and its variation with elevation.The statistical characteristics of chronologies suggested that elevation is a determinant of tree growth patterns in the study area.Response function analysis of chronologies with climate factors indicated that climate–growth relationships changed with increasing elevation:tree growth at high elevation was strongly limited by June temperatures of the previous year,and as elevation decreases,the importance of temperature decreased;tree radial growth at mid-elevation was mainly controlled by precipitation towards the end of the growing season of the current year.Biomass chronologies reflected a stronger climatic signal than tree-ring width chronologies.Spatial correlation with gridded climate data revealed that our chronologies contained a strong regional temperature signal for northeast China.Trees growing below timberline appeared to be more sensitive to climate,thus optimal sites for examining growth trends as a function of climate variation are considered to be just below timberline.Our study objective was to provide information for more accurate prediction of the growth response of L.olgensis to future climate change on the eastern slope of the Changbai Mountains,and to provide information for future climate reconstructions using this tree species in humid and semi humid regions. 相似文献
12.
We analyzed tree rings over the past 100 years to understand the response of Quercus ilex L. to climate change at four different sites along a temperature gradient in a highly anthropogenically transformed ecosystem. To test the hypothesis of a climate change related decrease in productivity at warmer sites, we discuss the effect of historical management on the growth of forest stands and the spatio-temporal variability of growth in response to climate, analyzing departures from linearity in that relationship. We reconstructed stand history and investigated past growth trends using tree-rings. Then we used a dendroecological approach to study the regional, local and age-dependent response to climate, analyzing the relationship between precipitation and tree growth using non-linear mixed models. Tree rings reflected the origin of the studied landscape, mainly a simplification of an original closed forest and progressive canopy opening for agrosilvopastoral purposes after the mid 1800s. As expected, trees were principally responding to water availability, and regional growth (as expressed by the first principal component from the matrix of chronologies) was highly responsive to hydrological year precipitation (r = 0.7). In this water limited ecosystem, the response of growth to precipitation was asymptotic and independent of age, but variable in time. Maximum growth was variable at the different sites and the non-linear function of growth saturated (i.e. reached an asymptote) at temperature dependent site specific precipitation levels within the range considered in the region to lead a shift towards deciduous species dominated woodlands (around 600 mm, variable with mean temperature). Only trees at warmer sites showed symptoms of growth decline, most likely explained by water stress increase in the last decades affecting the highly transformed open (i.e. low competition) tree structure. Stands at colder locations did not show any negative growth trend and may benefit from the current increase in winter temperatures. Coinciding with the decrease in productivity, trees at warmer sites responded more to moisture availability, exhibited a slower response to precipitation and reached maximum growth at higher precipitation levels than trees at colder sites. This suggests that warmer stands are threatened by climate change. The non-linear response of growth to precipitation described is meaningful for different ecological applications and provides new insights in the way trees respond to climate. 相似文献
13.
异常气候环境变化与树木年轮 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
介绍了国外应用统计学方法分析树木年轮,获得精度高、稳定性强的气候环境变化信息的方法;概述了环境污染、大气CO2浓度增加与树木年轮关系的研究现状,以及异常气候环境变化对树木年轮影响的最新研究进展。 相似文献
14.
Tree-ring-width chronology of Larix gmelinii as an indicator of changes in early summer temperature in east-central Kamchatka 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
We developed a 378-year tree-ring-width chronology based on 110 core samples from 55 individual trees of Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Rupr. growing in a wide open forest close to the tree line in the Kronotsky National Park. Reflecting strong climatic
control over tree growth not only within the study area but also more extensively over central Kamchatka, our chronology was
well correlated with those from other larch sites. Response analysis with 10-day mean temperature revealed that the ring width
was primarily controlled by the temperature of early summer, i.e., of late May through late June (40 days). While the regression
models for a formal reconstruction failed to pass stringent verification tests commonly used in dendroclimatology, the relationship
between tree growth and climate was statistically significant and credible. We therefore used our chronology as a proxy of
early summer temperature. The chronology shows a cool period from the 1660s until the 1680s, followed by gradual warming until
ca. 1800, then by a slight cooling trend extending to ca. 1910, and a warming trend continuing up to the present, with decadal
fluctuations throughout the chronology. The warming trend found in our chronology over the twentieth century is generally
consistent with the ones commonly appearing in higher latitudes. 相似文献
15.
16.
Divergent responses between tree growth and climate factors have been widely reported at high latitudes in the northern hemisphere. Here we show variable climate-growth relationships and divergent growth responses of Qinghai spruce (Picea crassfolia) along an elevation gradient at a mid-latitude site at the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, China. Trees from higher elevations, limited mainly by temperature, show divergent growth trends over time and two responses to climate. Some trees show increasing positive and some increasing negative responses to growing season temperature during the last decades. Trees from lower treeline show a strengthening drought stress signal over time and no divergent growth trends within sites. Our results indicate that single tree analysis might be a worthwhile tool to (1) uncover spatial–temporal changes in climate-growth relationships of trees, (2) better understand future growth performance and (3) help overcome current limitations of tree ring based climatic reconstructions. 相似文献
17.
IntroductionTheresearchofprovenanceisnotonlythemeansofimprovingafforestationalforestrybutalsoisnecessarybaseforotherbreedingsystem.EverycountryhaspaiduniversalattentiontothiSway.lUFROhasalsoworkedoulthestandardizedrulesofprovenancetrialstodirectdifferentc… 相似文献
18.
Forests are important ecosystems for economic and social development.However,the response of tree radial growth to climate has produced 'divergent problems' at high latitudes under global warming.In this study,the response stability and trend of Picea schrenkiana radial growth to var-iability in climate factors were analyzed in the mid-latitudes of the western Tien Shan Mountains.Radial growth of P.schrenkiana was mainly limited by minimum and mean tem-peratures.The divergent responses of radial growth occurred in response to the minimum and mean temperatures at the beginning of the growing season (April-May) of the current year,but responses to drought occurred in July-September of the previous year.And the mean and minimum tempera-tures in June-September of the current year were both sta-ble.Radial growth first increased and then decreased accord-ing to the basal area increment,with a gradual increase in temperature.Therefore,forest ecosystems in mountainous arid areas will be increasingly affected by future climate warming. 相似文献
19.
A thinning experiment stand at Avoca, Ballinvalley, on the east coast of the Republic of Ireland was used to test a developed methodology aimed at monitoring drought stress, based on the analysis of growth rings obtained by coring. The stand incorporated six plots representing three thinning regimes (light, moderate and heavy) and was planted in the spring of 1943 on a brown earth soil. Radial growth (early- and latewood) was measured for the purpose of this study. A multidisciplinary approach was used to assess historic tree response to climate: specifically, the application of statistical tools such as principal component and canonical correlation analysis to dendrochronology, stable isotopes, ring density proxy, blue reflectance and forest biometrics. Results showed that radial growth was a good proxy for monitoring changes to moisture deficit, while maximum density and blue reflectance were appropriate for assessing changes in accumulated temperature for the growing season. Rainfall also influenced radial growth changes but not significantly, and was a major factor in stable carbon and oxygen discrimination, mostly in the latewood formation phase. Stable oxygen isotope analysis was more accurate than radial growth analysis in drought detection, as it helped detect drought signals in both early- and latewood while radial growth analysis only detected the drought signal in earlywood. Many studies have shown that tree rings provide vital information for marking past climatic events. This work provides a methodology to better identify and understand how commonly measured tree proxies relate to environmental parameters, and can best be used to characterize and pinpoint drought events (variously described using parameters such as like moisture deficit, accumulated temperature, rainfall and potential evaporation). 相似文献
20.
【目的】研究峨眉山不同海拔冷杉Abies fabri径向生长对气候变化的响应规律。【方法】以冷杉为研究对象,用树轮生态学的方法对峨眉山不同海拔的冷杉进行年轮采样、处理与分析,比较不同海拔冷杉径向生长特征及其与各气候因子之间的关系。【结果】年表统计数据表明,4个年表均具有较高的可靠性,可以用于树木生长与气候关系的研究。不同海拔冷杉径向生长与气候的关系具有明显的海拔差异,海拔2 400 m处冷杉径向生长与当年7月的温度呈显著正相关;海拔2 800 m处冷杉径向生长与当年4-9月的帕尔默干旱指数(PDSI)呈显著正相关;海拔2 900 m处冷杉径向生长与前一年9月和当年4月的温度呈显著负相关,与当年1-9月的PDSI均呈显著正相关;海拔3 000 m处冷杉径向生长和当年3-4月温度呈显著负相关,与当年6-7月的PDSI和当年4月平均相对湿度呈显著正相关。【结论】峨眉山高海拔的冷杉包含有更多的环境信息,对气候变化的响应也更为敏感;高海拔区域冷杉径向生长受到水分的强烈限制,而低海拔区域冷杉径向生长主要受温度影响;冷杉衰亡与气候因子的变化密切相关,随着区域气候的变暖,高海拔地区冷杉可能会进一步衰退。该研究揭示了峨眉山不同海拔冷杉生长动态及其对气候变化响应的敏感性差异,为全球气候变化背景下冷杉林的保护与适应性管理提供科学参考。 相似文献