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北方森林动物园草食动物寄生蠕虫感染情况调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在动物园,寄生虫病是草食动物常见的疾病之一,每年都有大量的草食动物因感染各种寄生虫而发病,因此控制动物园中草食动物感染寄生虫是保障动物健康的重要措施之一。为保护生态环境,同时也给野生动物提供广阔的生存空间,扩大野生动物的利用价值,北方森林动物园(原哈尔滨动物园)从哈尔滨市区内搬迁到阿城市鸽子洞地区。由于动物园施工,致使部分动物无法随迁,寄养于其他动物园,2004年9—10月份,全部动物迁入新居。为了解动物园动物的寄生虫感染情况,给动物寄生虫病综合防治提供科学依据,于2005年3—5月份对北方森林动物园观赏草食动物寄生蠕虫… 相似文献
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《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2019,(8)
动物营养与动物的生长、繁殖、疾病息息相关,均衡的营养供给是动物健康的基础,也是衡量动物园动物福利的内容之一。本文就国内外动物园行业内圈养野生动物营养平衡问题进行了探讨,从野生动物对营养物质需求、饲料原料的选择及营养对野生动物繁殖与疾病的影响等方面进行了分析与总结,为动物园野生动物饲养管理及饲料的选择提供参考。 相似文献
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曹周燕 《畜牧兽医科技信息》2019,(9)
中国对野生动物疾病的治疗历史悠久,治疗对象多为一些皇家园林中养殖的"特殊动物"。而如今大多数兽医主要治疗马、牛和一些家饲动物的疾病。通过西方国家知识理念的传入,中国建立了许多现代动物园,动物园内部组建了兽医小组。作者从事野生动物疫病诊疗多年并积累了一些经验,希望和同行交流关于兽医未来工作方向的思考。 相似文献
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<正>野生动物是生态系统中非常重要的一部分,保护野生动物就是保护我们的家园。野生动物除了就地保护,还需要对种群数量少、极度濒危的动物进行迁地保护,而动物园为迁地保护提供了便利的条件和场所。因此,建设功能齐全、自然舒适、环境优美的动物园就成了各地发展和追求的目标。本文主要从动物园野生动物场馆建设规划、升级改造及动物搬迁三个方面进行介绍,为野生动物保护机构提供理论支持,更好地保护我国野生动物资源。 相似文献
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张得良 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2006,36(4):52-52
野生动物饲料与营养管理工作是野生动物在人工饲养条件下健康生长、发育、繁殖的基础和保障,饲料不仅是野生动物的物质保障,也是动物园饲养管理工作的中心和重点之一。近年来,由于新的市场经济体制的不断完善,加之饲料商品化,政府对动物园饲料的资金投入不断减少,在这种情况下, 相似文献
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This article discusses the history of the field of zoo and wildlife pathology, training opportunities for veterinary students and graduate veterinarians, and current and future job opportunities. The niches occupied by veterinarians in this field and their contributions to animal and human health are also highlighted. The field of zoo and wildlife, or "non-traditional" species, pathology has its roots in comparative anatomy, zoology, wildlife biology, and medical pathology in the mid- to late nineteenth century. The initial emphasis was on comparisons between animal and human diseases or on management of game animals. Veterinarians became increasingly involved during the twentieth century, gradually changing the emphasis to improvement of conservation strategies, captive care, and elucidation of diseases of concern for the animals themselves. Currently there are several zoos and wildlife agencies in the United States employing full-time veterinary pathologists. Private and government diagnostic laboratories, veterinary schools, and other academic institutions in the United States with pathology departments are other employers. The field requires post-DVM training by means of a residency program leading to board certification, graduate school (MS or PhD degrees), or both. Veterinary students can gain valuable experience in the field through externships and, at some schools, through elective courses in the curriculum. Current concerns about ecosystem health, bioterrorism, and the recognition that captive and free-ranging wildlife can serve as sentinel species will increase the demand for veterinary pathologists choosing this very rewarding career path specializing in non-traditional species. 相似文献
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动物园有限的面积与园中野生动物对环境条件的需求之间往往存在巨大的差距。应用分配通道提高动物园场地利用率可以缓解这一矛盾,并最终有利于提高动物福利。分配通道的应用可以划分为4个阶段,其发展趋势是将动物园中的所有展区联结成网络,从而使每种动物的生活和展示空间逐步接近动物生态领地模型,使动物园中有限的场地条件能够满足圈养野生动物的环境需求。 相似文献
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近年来,随着中国动物园圈养野生动物管理理念、饲养技术、设施设备和人才队伍的不断发展,基于生殖内分泌学基础进行的对人工圈养下野生动物繁殖生理的科学探讨得到越来越多从业者的重视,涉及的野生动物种类也逐渐增加,获得了非常宝贵的初始数据,为动物园行业更加科学规范管理打下了坚实基础。同时,在生殖激素检测的实际操作过程中也凸现出一些现实问题。结合现阶段中国动物园行业具体情况,着重综合近年来部分相关文献资料,回顾国内动物园相关工作进展,对生殖激素分析检测在动物繁殖监测实践中的细节工作进行分析,探讨在日常饲养管理中应用的可行性,提出解决对策,为实践工作提供参考。 相似文献
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刍议动物类型自然保护区兽医的素养 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
传统养殖和动物园养殖的动物发病时,其发病时间、数量和症状等情况,兽医可以仔细询问畜主或饲养人员;而野生动物生活在自然环境中,是动物类型自然保护区从事兽医专业人员的服务对象,发病时及以后的一系列情况无从问及。所以动物类型自然保护区的兽医职业,不同于传统养殖和动物园内的兽医工作,必须掌握多学科基础理论知识,必须主动从野外观察入手,充分掌握野生动物的生物学特性,收集和梳理好有效的本土自然信息、本区内野生动物信息、保护区周边社区家养动物信息,并将它们融为一体,才能分辨出野生动物发病时,是属于个发、散发、群发,还是普通病与传染病。因此,动物类型自然保护区的兽医比传统兽医人员会有更高、更严且更全面的素养。 相似文献
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Hayley Weston Murphy Michele Miller Jan Ramer Dominic Travis Robyn Barbiers Nathan D Wolfe William M Switzer 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2006,37(3):219-233
Nonhuman primates can be naturally infected with a plethora of viruses with zoonotic potential, including retroviruses. These simian viruses present risks to both captive nonhuman primate populations and persons exposed to nonhuman primates. Simian retroviruses, including simian immunodeficiency virus, simian type D retrovirus, simian T-lymphotropic virus, and gibbon ape leukemia virus, have been shown to cause clinical disease in nonhuman primates. In contrast, simian foamy virus, a retrovirus that is highly prevalent in most nonhuman primates, has not been associated with clinical disease in naturally infected primates. Although it has been shown that human retrovirus infections with human T-lymphotropic virus and human immunodeficiency virus originated through multiple independent introductions of simian retroviruses into human populations that then spread globally, little is known about the frequency of such zoonotic events. In this article, exogenous simian retroviruses are reviewed as a concern for zoo and wildlife veterinarians, primate handlers, other persons in direct contact with nonhuman primates, and other nonhuman primates in a collection. The health implications for individual animals as well as managed populations in zoos and research institutions are discussed, the cross-species transmission and zoonotic disease potential of simian retroviruses are described, and suggestions for working safely with nonhuman primates are provided. 相似文献
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G.W. Meadows 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(4)
Extract It is significant that only 13 of nearly 400 delegates Who attended World Conference III on Breeding Endangered Species in Captivity listed themselves as having veterinary qualifications. For many people, a representation of just over 3 percent would seem to be par for the course when it comes to veterinary involvement with wildlife, for it is well-known that the majority of the profession have been trained to tend domestic animals and, whilst expressing a concern for wildlife, freely admit their incompetence to deal with it. Yet it is interesting to find that many of the world's leading zoo directors and curators have a veterinary background, and have been accepted by their zoologist counterparts as being at least their equals, if not their betters. Consequently, whilst veterinarians represent only a small proportion of the work force in zoos and wildlife parks, their influence is considerable. 相似文献
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Emma H. Hooijberg Carolyn Cray 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2023,52(Z1):19-36
Applications for acute phase reactants (APRs) in nondomesticated mammals include identifying inflammatory disease, monitoring the course of specific disease processes and recovery during rehabilitation, detecting preclinical or subclinical disease, being used as bioindicators for monitoring population and ecosystem health, and as markers of stress and animal welfare. Serum amyloid A, haptoglobin, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, albumin, and iron are most commonly measured. The procedure for evaluating an APR in a nondomesticated mammalian species should follow a stepwise approach beginning with an assessment of analytical performance, followed by an evaluation of overlap performance, clinical performance, and impact on patient outcomes and management. The lack of species-specific standards and antibodies for nondomesticated mammals presents a challenge, and more attention needs to be focused on assessing cross-reactivity and ensuring adequate analytical performance of APR assays. Sample selection for the initial evaluation of APRs should consider preanalytical influences and should originate from animals with confirmed inflammatory disease and healthy animals. Reference intervals should be generated according to published guidelines. Further evaluation should focus on assessing the diagnostic utility of APRs in specific disease scenarios relevant to a species. Greater attention should be paid to assay performance and uniformity of methods when using APRs for population and ecosystem surveillance. Veterinary clinical pathologists should work closely with zoo veterinarians and wildlife researchers to optimize the accuracy and utility of APR measurements in these various conservation medicine scenarios. 相似文献
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《Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research》2007,2(6):219-222
The amount of space available to animals in zoos is always limited by a range of factors that has little to do with animal biology. Most zoos exist on confined sites, their absolute boundaries are usually fixed. The starting point in a discussion about an animal's perceived needs is necessarily immediately to be considered in terms of other demands on the space available. Nonetheless, a detailed scientific understanding of the wild biology of a species has come to be regarded as essential to the determination of what constitutes appropriate captive conditions of zoos for that species. An examination of how zoos have confined animals through the last 2 centuries shows a trend away from the closest forms of confinement in cages, toward larger spaces, often with open viewing for visitors. Elephants represent an anomaly. They continue to be maintained in zoos according to traditions involving extraordinarily close human control, as if they were working animals. Looking at traditional captive elephant management practices, however, does not provide any reasonably complete view of elephant needs. Wild biology suggests that zoo elephants should enjoy a naturalistic social life and live more independently than they traditionally have done in zoos. For this, zoo elephants need far more extensive living spaces than those with which they are currently provided. 相似文献