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1.
Activities of enzymes involved in hepatic fatty acid oxidation and synthesis among rats fed sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) differing in lignan content (sesamin and sesamolin) were compared. Sesame seeds rich in lignans from two lines, 0730 and 0732, lines established in this laborary, and those from a conventional cultivar (Masekin) were employed. Seeds from the 0730 and 0732 lines contained sesamin and sesamolin at amounts twice those from Masekin. Sesame seeds were added at levels of 200 g/kg to the experimental diets. Sesame increased both the hepatic mitochondrial and the peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation rate. Increases were greater with sesame rich in lignans than with Maskin. Noticeably, peroxisomal activity levels were >3 times higher in rats fed diets containing sesame seeds from the 0730 and 0732 lines than in those fed a control diet without sesame. The diet containing Masekin seed caused only a 50% increase in the value, however. Diets containing seeds from the 0730 and 0732 lines, compared to the control and Masekin diets, also significantly increased the activity of hepatic fatty acid oxidation enzymes including acyl-CoA oxidase, carnitine palmitoyltranferase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase. In contrast, diets containing sesame lowered the activity of enzymes involved in fatty acid synthesis including fatty acid synthase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, ATP-citrate lyase, and pyruvate kinase. No significant differences in enzyme activities were, however, seen among diets containing sesame from Masekin cultivar and lines 0730 and 0732. Serum triacylglycerol concentrations were lower in rats fed diets containing sesame from lines 0730 and 0732 than in those fed the control or Masekin diet. It is apparent that sesame rich in lignans more profoundly affects hepatic fatty acid oxidation and serum triacylglycerol levels. Therefore, consumption of sesame rich in lignans results in physiological activity to alter lipid metabolism in a potentially beneficial manner.  相似文献   

2.
The free radical scavenging capacity (RSC) of antioxidants from sesame cake extract was studied using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH(*)()) on a kinetic model. Pure lignans and lignan glycosides isolated from methanolic extract by preparative HPLC were used in the study. To understand the kinetic behavior better and to determine the RSC of sesame antioxidants, the second-order rate constant (k(2)) was calculated for the quenching reaction with [DPPH(*)] radical. The k(2) values of the sesame antioxidants were compared with those of butylated hydroxytoluene and alpha-tocopherol. The k(2) values for sesamol, sesamol dimer, sesamin, sesamolin, sesaminol triglucoside, and sesaminol diglucoside were 4.00 x 10(-)(5), 0.50 x 10(-)(5), 0.36 x 10(-)(5), 0.13 x 10(-)(5), 0.33 x 10(-)(5), and 0.08 x 10(-)(5) microM(-)(1) s(-)(1), respectively.  相似文献   

3.
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) contains abundant lignans including lipid-soluble lignans (sesamin and sesamolin) and water-soluble lignan glycosides (sesaminol triglucoside and sesaminol diglucoside) related to antioxidative activity. In this study, near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to develop a rapid and nondestructive method for the determination of lignan contents on intact sesame seeds. Ninety-three intact seeds were scanned in the reflectance mode of a scanning monochromator. This scanning procedure did not require the pulverization of samples, allowing each analysis to be completed within minutes. Reference values for lignan contents were obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. Calibration equations for lignans (sesamin and sesamolin) and lignan glycosides (sesaminol triglucoside and sesaminol diglucoside) contents were developed using modified partial least squares regression with internal cross-validation (n = 63). The equations obtained had low standard errors of cross-validation and moderate R2 (coefficient of determination in calibration). The prediction of an external validation set (n = 30) showed significant correlation between reference values and NIRS predicted values based on the SEP (standard error of prediction), bias, and r2 (coefficient of determination in prediction). The models developed in this study had relatively higher values (more than 2.0) of SD/SEP(C) for all lignans and lignan glycosides except for sesaminol diglucoside, which had a minor amount, indicating good correlation between the reference and the NIRS estimate. The results showed that NIRS, a nondestructive screening method, could be used to rapidly determine lignan and lignan glycoside contents in the breeding programs for high quality sesame.  相似文献   

4.
Twenty-four plant lignans were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in bran extracts of 16 cereal species, in four nut species, and in two oilseed species (sesame seeds and linseeds). Eighteen of these were lignans previously unidentified in these species, and of these, 16 were identified in the analyzed samples. Four different extraction methods were applied as follows: alkaline extraction, mild acid extraction, a combination of alkaline and mild acid extraction, or accelerated solvent extraction. The extraction method was of great importance for the lignan yield. 7-Hydroxymatairesinol, which has not previously been detected in cereals because of destructive extraction methods, was the dominant lignan in wheat, triticale, oat, barley, millet, corn bran, and amaranth whole grain. Syringaresinol was the other dominant cereal lignan. Wheat and rye bran had the highest lignan content of all cereals; however, linseeds and sesame seeds were by far the most lignan-rich of the studied species.  相似文献   

5.
Enzymatically modified soybean oil with caprylic acid (SL), a physical mixture of tricaprylin and soybean oil (PHY), and soybean oil as control were fed (20% of diet weight) to female obese Zucker rats. Both lipids (SL and PHY) have similar total fatty acid composition containing 23.4 mol % caprylic acid (C8:0) but have different lipid structures. After 21 days of feeding, the body weight gain was 36.4% in the SL-fed group and 35.2% in the PHY-fed group, respectively; whereas the body weight of the control group increased 41.6%. Significant differences in the respiratory exchange ratio were observed between the SL and PHY groups. However, the contents of glucose, total and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and very low density and low density lipoprotein (VLDL + LDL) cholesterol in serum were not significantly different between the SL- and PHY-fed groups or among the three dietary groups (control, SL, and PHY) (p < 0.05). On the other hand, plasma total cholesterol and plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) were significantly higher in SL- and PHY-fed groups than in the control group. In the liver and inguinal adipocyte TAG, C8:0 was found in the SL-fed group, whereas it was not observed in the liver and inguinal adipocyte TAG of the PHY-fed group, which suggests that positional distribution of C8:0 of the TAG molecule is an important consideration in the metabolism of lipids. This study showed that different positional distribution in TAG molecules lead to different metabolic fates, resulting in the change of fatty acid composition in liver and inguinal adipose TAG in female Zucker rats.  相似文献   

6.
The effect of olive oils on lipid metabolism and antioxidant activity was investigated on 60 male Wistar rats adapted to cholesterol-free or 1% cholesterol diets. The rats were divided into six diet groups of 10. The control group (control) consumed the basal diet (BD) only, which contained wheat starch, casein, cellulose, and mineral and vitamin mixtures. To the BD were added 10 g/100 g virgin (virg group) or Lampante (Lamp group) oils, 1 g/100 g cholesterol (chol group), or both (chol/virg group) and (chol/Lamp group). The experiment lasted 4 weeks. Plasma total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), total phospholipids (TPH), HDL-phospholipids (HDL-PH), total radical-trapping antioxidative potential (TRAP), malondialdehyde lipid peroxidation (MDA), and liver TC were measured. Groups did not differ before the experiment. In the chol/virg and chol/Lamp vs chol group, the oil-supplemented diets significantly (P < 0.05) lessened the increase in plasma lipids due to dietary cholesterol as follows: TC (25.1 and 23.6%), LDL-C (39.3 and 34.7%), TG (19.3 and 17.0%), and TC in liver (36.0 and 35.1%) for the chol/virg and chol/Lamp group, respectively. The chol/virg and chol/Lamp diets significantly decreased the levels of TPH (24.7 and 21.2%; p < 0.05 in both cases) and HDL-PH (22.9 and 18.0%; p < 0.05 in both cases) for the chol/virg and chol/Lamp group, respectively. Virgin and Lampante oils in rats fed basal diet without cholesterol did not affect the lipid variables measured. Virgin, and to a lesser degree Lampante, oils have increased the plasma antioxidant activity in rats fed BD without cholesterol (an increase in TRAP, 20.6 and 18.5%; and a decrease in MDA, 23.2 and 11.3%, respectively). In the rats of chol/virg and chol/Lamp vs Chol diet groups the added oils significantly hindered the decrease in the plasma antioxidant activity (TRAP, 21.2 and 16.7%; and MDA, 27.0 and 22.3%, respectively). These results demonstrate that virgin, and to less degree Lampante, oils possess hypolipidemic and antioxidant properties. It is more evident when these oils are added to the diets of rats fed cholesterol. These positive properties are attributed mostly to the phenolic compounds of the studied oils.  相似文献   

7.
Structured lipid (SL) was prepared from roasted sesame oil and caprylic acid (CA) by Rhizomucor miehei lipase-catalyzed acidolysis in a bench-scale continuous packed bed reactor. Total incorporation and acyl migration of CA in the SL were 42.5 and 3.1 mol %, respectively, and the half-life of the lipase was 19.2 days. The SL displayed different physical and chemical properties, less saturated dark brown color, lower viscosity, lower melting and crystallization temperature ranges, higher melting and crystallization enthalpies, higher smoke point, higher saponification value, and lower iodine value, in comparison to those of unmodified sesame oil. The oxidative stability of purified SL was lower than that of sesame oil. There were no differences in the contents of unsaponifiables including tocopherols and phytosterols. However, total sesame lignans content was decreased in SL due to the loss of sesamol when compared to sesame oil. Most of the 70 volatiles present in roasted sesame oil were removed from SL during short-path distillation of SL. These results indicate that the characteristics of SL are different from those of original sesame oil in several aspects except for the contents of tocopherols and phytosterols.  相似文献   

8.
本试验研究饲料中添加不同水平的DHEA对肉鸡脂类代谢和相关激素的影响。将180羽1日龄AA肉鸡随机分为饲料中不添加DHEA的对照组，添加20 mg•kg-1和5 mg•kg-1DHEA的高、低剂量组，饲喂至42日龄时分别从各组随机取12只公鸡和母鸡，采集血样、肝脏、腹脂、左侧胸肌和腿肌，分别测定血清葡萄糖(BG)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、非酯化脂肪酸(NEFA)和三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3)、甲状腺素(T4)、游离T3(FT3)、游离T4(FT4)、胰高血糖素(glucagon)、瘦素(leptin)含量。结果表明：与对照组相比，DHEA显著降低肉鸡体重、腹脂重和腹脂率，显著降低TG、TC、HDL-C、FT3、FT4含量，显著升高瘦素含量，而对血糖和LDL-C没有影响；DHEA使公鸡血清NEFA含量升高，母鸡血清NEFA含量降低；DHEA使公鸡血清LPL活性和胰高血糖素含量显著升高，血清T4显著降低。提示，DHEA可能通过提高肉鸡体内脂类分解代谢相关酶的活性及激素水平，对脂类代谢起调节作用。  相似文献   

9.
Off-flavor and discoloration of meat products result from lipid oxidation and myoglobin (Mb) oxidation, respectively, and these two processes appear to be interrelated. The objective of this study was to investigate their potential interaction in mitochondria and the effects of mitochondrial alpha-tocopherol concentrations on lipid oxidation and metmyoglobin (MetMb) formation in vitro. The addition of ascorbic acid and ferric chloride (AA-Fe(3+)) increased ovine and bovine mitochondrial lipid oxidation when compared with their controls (p < 0.05); MetMb formation also increased with increased lipid oxidation relative to controls (p < 0.05). Reactions containing Mb and mitochondria with greater alpha-tocopherol concentrations demonstrated less lipid oxidation and MetMb formation than mitochondria with lower alpha-tocopherol concentrations. Greater mitochondrial alpha-tocopherol concentration was also correlated with increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption in vitro and with a more pronounced effect at pH 7.2 than at pH 5.6. Relative to controls, succinate addition to bovine mitochondria resulted in increased concentrations of ubiquinol 10 and alpha-tocopherol and decreased lipid and Mb oxidation (p < 0.05). Mitochondrial lipid oxidation was closely related to MetMb formation; both processes were inhibited by alpha-tocopherol in a concentration-dependent manner.  相似文献   

10.
In contrast to other metabolic functions, the role of dietary antioxidants and oil on microsomal lipid oxidation has been less extensively studied. This study examines ascorbate-Fe(2+) and NADPH-induced lipid peroxidation of hepatic microsomes of rats that were fed for three weeks high-oleic-acid oils (high-oleic sunflower oil, HOSO; olive oil, OO; or olive pomace oil, OPO) containing different concentrations of the antioxidants alpha-tocopherol, erythrodiol, and oleanolic acid. The fatty acid composition of hepatic microsomes of Wistar rats that were fed for three weeks with the above-mentioned oils had lower proportions of C16:0, C18:2n6, and C22:6n3 and higher proportions of C18:0 and C18:1n9 than rats fed the control diet. Light emission by hepatic microsomes increased, in the first 180 min, 2-fold after ascorbate-Fe(2+) addition compared with NADPH addition. Both increases were less pronounced in microsomes of OPO-fed rats and to a smaller extent in microsomes of OO-fed rats. Smaller increases in light emission were associated positively with higher concentrations of dietary alpha-tocopherol, erythrodiol, and oleanolic acid but were not associated with changes in fatty acid composition of hepatic microsomes. Addition of alpha-tocopherol, erythrodiol, or oleanolic acid decreased light emission of hepatic microsomes with a greater inhibition in microsomes of rats fed the control diet. Our data suggest that erythrodiol and oleanolic acids partly explain the protective effect of dietary OPO on microsomal lipid peroxidation in rats.  相似文献   

11.
This study aimed at evaluating the protective effect of long-term dietary oregano on the alleviation of carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stress in rats. Twenty-four female Wistar rats were allocated to four groups of six animals each. Groups 1 (control) and 2 (CCl 4) were fed a basal diet, while groups 3 (oregano) and 4 (oregano + CCl 4) were fed the basal diet supplemented further with ground oregano at 1% level. Following six-week feeding, the rats of groups 2 and 4 were given a single intraperitoneal injection of CCl 4 at a dose of 1 mL/kg bw. Six hours after the CCl 4 injection, all animals were sacrificed, and serum, liver, kidney, and heart tissue samples were collected. Analysis results showed that the addition of oregano significantly increased the total phenolic content and the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity of the basal diet but had no effect on its lipid peroxidation index. Treatment with CCl 4 of rats from the CCl 4 group caused a significant increase in aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in serum, whereas it decreased cholesterol and triglyceride content as compared to the control. It also increased the lipid peroxidation index and decreased the scavenging activities of the 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid diammonium salt (ABTS) radical cation, the hydroxyl anion radical, the superoxide anion radical, and the hydrogen peroxide in all tested tissues, as compared to that of the control. Without CCl 4 treatment, diet supplementation with oregano had no effect on these biochemical parameters, excluding the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, which was increased in all tested tissues as compared to that of the control. Feeding oregano before CCl 4 treatment resulted in a significant decline of the increase in AST, ALT, and ALP activities ( P < 0.05 vs CCl 4 group), but the recorded values could not attain those of the control group ( P < 0.05 vs control group). It significantly increased the reduced cholesterol and triglycerides ( P < 0.05 vs CCl 4 group) to values not differing from those of the control. It also resulted in a significant reduction of the increased malondialdehyde ( P < 0.05 vs CCl 4 group) to values that could not attain the levels of the control but had no significant effect ( P > 0.05) on the reduced ABTS radical cation scavenging activity. It increased significantly the reduced hydroxyl anion radical scavenging activity ( P < 0.05 vs CCl 4 group) to values that could not attain those of the control in all tested tissues except kidney. Additionally, it resulted in a significant elevation of the decreased superoxide anion radical scavenging activity in serum and liver but had no effect in kidney and heart, whereas it also resulted in a significant elevation of the decreased hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity in liver, kidney, and heart but had no effect in serum. These results suggest that dietary oregano may effectively improve the impaired antioxidant status in CCl 4-induced toxicity in rats.  相似文献   

12.
The effect of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on hepatic lipid parameters in Sprague-Dawley rats was examined. When rats were fed a diet containing CLA at 0 (control), 1, or 2% of the weight of the amount of food given for 3 weeks, the liver weight exhibited a slight increase in the CLA-fed groups, although the difference was not significant. Lipid accumulation in the hepatocytes of CLA-fed rats was also demonstrated by electron microscopic observation. In addition, the liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels were significantly higher in the 2 wt % CLA group than in the other two dietary groups, and the levels of phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide were higher in CLA-fed groups when compared to that of the control group. On the other hand, the serum lipid peroxide levels were comparable among all three dietary groups. Levels of triglycerides in the white adipose tissue (WAT) and serum nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) were reduced in a CLA-dose-dependent manner. CLA was shown to accumulate in the WAT much more than in the serum or liver. These results suggest that CLA accelerates the decomposition of storage lipids in WAT and the clearance of serum NEFA levels, resulting in lipid peroxidation and a morphological change in the liver.  相似文献   

13.
This study was designed to test the lipid-lowering and antioxidative activities of triacetylated hydroxytyrosol compared with its native compound, hydroxytyrosol, purified from olive tree leaves. Wistar rats fed a standard laboratory diet or a cholesterol-rich diet for 16 weeks were used. The serum lipid levels, the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) level, as an indicator of lipid peroxidation, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as that of catalase (CAT) were examined. The cholesterol-rich diet induced hypercholesterolemia that was manifested in the elevation of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Administration of hydroxytyrosol and triacetylated hydroxytyrosol (3 mg/kg of body weight) decreased the serum levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C significantly and increased the serum level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Furthermore, the content of TBARS in liver, heart, kidney, and aorta decreased significantly when hydroxytyrosol and its triacetylated derivatives were orally administered to rats compared with those fed a cholesterol-rich diet. In addition, triacetylated hydroxytyrosol and hydroxytyrosol increased CAT and SOD activities in the liver. These results suggested that the hypolipidemic effect of triacetylated hydroxytyrosol and hydroxytyrosol might be due to their abilities to lower serum TC, TG, and LDL-C levels as well as to their antioxidant activities preventing the lipid peroxidation process.  相似文献   

14.
In olive oils, relationships between oxidative stability, glyceridic composition, and antioxidant content were investigated. Lipid matrices, obtained by purification of olive and high-oleic sunflower oils, were spiked with hydroxytyrosol, alpha-tocopherol, and mixtures of them and then subjected to oxidation in a Rancimat apparatus at 100 degrees C. At the same concentration of antioxidants, induction time (IT) decreased as the unsaturation rate of the matrix increased, but only fair correlations were found with fatty acid composition. Oxidative susceptibility (OS(TAG)) was calculated as a function of the relative oxidation rate of the triacylglycerols, and a linear relationship-IT (h) = (a + b)OS(TAG)-between induction time and this parameter showed a good correlation coefficient (r > 0.990, p < 0.001). In the case of matrices with a single antioxidant, origin ordinate (a) and slope (b) can be calculated as a function of the antioxidant concentration. In matrices spiked with mixtures of hydroxytyrosol and alpha-tocopherol, a simple relationship between the coefficients a and b and the concentration of antioxidants cannot be established because additive and subtractive effects occur depending on the relative concentrations of both antioxidants. However, approximate values for these coefficients can be obtained, allowing the estimation of the oil stability. In various olive oils, an acceptable agreement was found between the IT experimentally determined and that calculated from the oil composition. These results confirmed that the Rancimat stability of olive oils mainly depends on triacylglycerol composition and concentrations of o-diphenols and alpha-tocopherol.  相似文献   

15.
Oxidation of oil-in-water emulsion droplets is influenced by the properties of the interfacial membrane surrounding the lipid core. To evaluate how surfactant headgroup size influences lipid oxidation rates, emulsions were prepared with polyoxyethylene 10 stearyl ether (Brij 76) or polyoxyethylene 100 stearyl ether (Brij 700), which are structurally identical except for their hydrophilic headgroups, with Brij 700 containing 10 times more polyoxyethylene groups than Brij 76. Fe(2+)-promoted decomposition of cumene hydroperoxide was lower in Brij 700-stabilized than in Brij 76-stabilized hexadecane emulsions. Fe(2+)-promoted alpha-tocopherol oxidation rates were similar in hexadecane emulsion regardless of surfactant type. Brij 700 decreased production of hexanal from methyl linoleate and the formation of lipid peroxides and propanal from salmon oil compared to emulsions stabilized by Brij 76. These results indicate that emulsion droplet interfacial thickness could be an important determinant in the oxidative stability of food emulsions.  相似文献   

16.
Blended oils comprising coconut oil (CNO) and rice bran oil (RBO) or sesame oil (SESO) with saturated fatty acid/monounsaturated fatty acid/polyunsaturated fatty acid at a ratio of 1:1:1 and polyunsaturated/saturated ratio of 0.8-1 enriched with nutraceuticals were prepared. Blended oils (B) were subjected to interesterification reaction using sn-1,3 specific Lipase from Rhizomucor miehei. Fatty acid composition and nutraceutical contents of the blended oil were not affected by interesterification reaction. Male Wistar rats were fed with AIN-76 diet containing 10% fat from CNO, RBO, SESO, CNO+RBO blend (B), CNO+SESO(B), CNO+RBO interesterified (I), or CNO+SESO(I) for 60 days. Serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triacylglycerols (TAGs) were reduced by 23.8, 32.4, and 13.9%, respectively, in rats fed CNO+RBO(B) and by 20.5, 34.1, and 12.9%, respectively, in rats fed CNO+SESO(B) compared to rats given CNO. Rats fed interesterified oils showed a decrease in serum TC, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and TAGs in CNO+RBO(I) by 35, 49.1, and 23.2 and by 33.3, 47, and 19.8% in CNO+SESO(I), respectively, compared to rats given CNO. Compared to rats fed CNO+RBO blended oils, rats on CNO+RBO interesterified oil showed a further decrease of 14.6, 24.7, and 10% in TC, LDL-C, and TAG. Rats fed CNO+SESO interesterified oils showed a decrease in serum TC, LDL-C, and TAG by 16.2, 19.6, and 7.8%, respectively, compared to rats given blended oils of CNO+SESO (B). Liver lipid analysis also showed significant change in the TC and TAG concentration in rats fed blended and interesterified oils of CNO+RBO and CNO+SESO compared to the rats given CNO. The present study suggests that feeding fats containing blended oils with balanced fatty acids lowers serum and liver lipids. Interesterified oils prepared using Lipase have a further lowering effect on serum and liver lipids even though the fatty acid composition of blended and interesterified oils remained same. These studies indicated that the atherogenic potentials of a saturated fatty acid containing CNO can be significantly decreased by blending with an oil rich in unsaturated lipids in appropriate amounts and interesterification of blended oil.  相似文献   

17.
Different fractions of sea buckthorn fruits were investigated for antioxidant activity and its relationship to different phytonutrients. Capacity to scavenge radicals of the crude extract, like the phenolic and ascorbate extracts, decreased significantly with increased maturation. The changes were strongly correlated with the content of total phenolics and ascorbic acid. Antioxidant capacity of the lipophilic extract increased significantly and corresponded to the increase in total carotenoids. The phenolic fractions made a major contribution to the total antioxidant capacity due to the high content of total phenolics. The lipophilic fractions were most effective if the comparison was based on the ratio between antioxidant capacity and content of antioxidants. The crude extract of fruits showed the highest inhibitory effect in both 2,2-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) (AMVN) and ascorbate-iron induced lipid peroxidations. The aqueous and ascorbate-free extracts showed higher inhibition in the AMVN assay, but lower inhibition in ascorbate-iron induced peroxidation, than the lipophilic extract.  相似文献   

18.
We investigated the effects of erythritol on rats with streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetes mellitus. Oral administration of erythritol [100, 200, or 400 mg (kg body weight)(-1) day(-1) for 10 days] to rats with STZ-induced diabetes resulted in significant decreases in the glucose levels of serum, liver, and kidney. Erythritol also reduced the elevated serum 5-hydroxymethylfurfural level that is glycosylated with protein as an indicator of oxidative stress. In addition, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance levels of serum and liver and kidney mitochondria were dose-dependently lower in the erythritol-treated groups than in the control diabetic group. Furthermore, the serum creatinine level was reduced by oral administration of erythritol in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that erythritol affects glucose metabolism and reduces lipid peroxidation, thereby improving the damage caused by oxidative stress involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes.  相似文献   

19.
Rice bran contains many phenolic acids, the most abundant of which is the antioxidant, ferulic acid (FA). We evaluated the hypoglycemic effects of a phenolic acid fraction (the ethyl acetate fraction, EAE) of rice bran and of FA in C57BL/KsJ db/db mice. Type 2 diabetic mice were allocated to a control group, an EAE group, or an FA group. Animals were fed a modified AIN-76 diet, and EAE or FA was administered orally for 17 days. There was no significant difference in body weight gain between groups. Administration of EAE and FA significantly decreased blood glucose levels and increased plasma insulin levels. EAE or FA groups had significantly elevated hepatic glycogen synthesis and glucokinase activity compared with the control group. Plasma total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations were significantly decreased by EAE and FA administration. These findings suggest that EAE and FA may be beneficial for treatment of type 2 diabetes because they regulate blood glucose levels by elevating glucokinase activity and production of glycogen in the liver.  相似文献   

20.
The nutritional effect of diet containing decorticated sesame seed extracted with isopropanol (DSS-Iso) was evaluated on growth performance, food efficiency ratio, plasma and tissue lipid profile, plasma protein content, and erythrocyte membrane lipid profile of rats on a comparative basis with diets containing casein (control), soybean meal, and decorticated sesame seed extracted with hexane (DSS-Hex). Rats fed a DSS-Iso-based diet showed body weight gain and food efficiency ratio similar to those of the control groups fed diets prepared with casein, soybean meal, and DSS-Hex. However, dietary proteins exerted a separate effect on plasma lipid concentrations of the rats. Rats fed a DSS-Iso-based diet showed significant decreases in plasma total cholesterol (p < 0.01), triglyceride (p < 0.01), and VLDL+LDL cholesterol (p < 0.01) concentrations in comparison to the rats fed diet containing casein. No significant differences in plasma lipid concentrations were observed for the rats fed diets prepared with soybean meal, DSS-Hex, and DSS-Iso. Rats fed the different dietary proteins did not show much variation in plasma proteins, liver lipids, and erythrocyte membrane lipid concentrations, which suggests that DSS-Iso could be a suitable edible protein like casein or soybean meal.  相似文献   

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