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富含多不饱和脂肪酸动物产品开发的研究进展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
张辉 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》1997,27(5):41-43
对富含多不饱和脂肪酸动物产品开发研究的进展作了综述，为开发此类产品提供参考。 相似文献
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多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）是一种具有独特生物功能的物质，在机体免疫、脂质代谢、基因表达、细胞膜功能等方面有着重要的作用，对人和畜禽的健康有着重要的影响。本文综述了多不饱和脂肪酸主要的生物学功能，在养猪生产上的应用以及富含多不饱和脂肪酸猪肉产品的研究进展。 相似文献
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《养殖与饲料．饲料世界》2021,(9)
大量研究表明,在蛋鸡饲粮中添加富含n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的原料可以生产富含DHA的鸡蛋。DHA是人体必需的多不饱和脂肪酸之一,必须从食物中获取。裂殖壶菌作为初级生产者,富含DHA,成为开发DHA鸡蛋的最佳来源。目前,我国对裂殖壶菌在蛋鸡上的应用研究开发相对较少,文章就裂殖壶菌产DHA的优势以及蛋鸡上的应用和前景等进行了简要综述,以期为更加深入地开发利用裂殖壶菌提供参考。 相似文献
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脂类是人体重要的组成部分。它可以为机体提供能量来源、构成体细胞组织、提供必需脂肪酸。同时，脂类也是脂溶性维生素的溶剂。目前，在经济发达的国家普遍认为，人们膳食中的脂肪过多，而且脂肪类型也不平衡。因此，世界卫生组织和联合国粮农组织都已向公众提出减少脂肪特别是饱和脂肪的摄入量及保持多不饱和脂肪与他和脂肪的平衡，使多不饱和脂肪酸／ffi和脂肪酸处于0．6～0．1的建议。由于食用油脂中通常富含t－6多不饱和脂肪酸，而。－3多不饱和脂肪酸在食品中比较缺乏。因此，国内外对开发富含。一3多不饱和脂肪酸的产品颇为重视。通… 相似文献
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《江西饲料》2001,(4):40
"发酵法生产多不饱和脂肪酸”是由华南理工大学、上海市工业微生物所、中国科学院上海有机化学研究所及大连轻工业学院共同承担的"九五”攻关项目,他们分别对γ-亚麻酸、花生四烯酸和DHA进行了微生物发酵的研究.目前,这3种产品的发酵生产均已完成专题攻关指标,各项指标达到或接近国际水平.
"发酵法生产多不饱和脂肪酸”的研究,在菌种选育、发酵工艺的优化、分离提取和功能性食品的开发等方面都取得了一定的进展.研究人员根据微生物(细菌、真菌及藻类)多不饱和脂肪酸的代谢合成途径,筛选出产ω-6不饱和脂肪酸(γ-亚麻酸和花生四烯酸)及ω-3不饱和脂肪酸(DHA)的优良菌株,确定了菌株的最适生长与发酵条件以提高产量,建立了一套简易、合理、可行的分离方法和多不饱和脂肪酸定性、定量的分析方法以及中试放大发酵工艺及分离提取工艺;采用微胶囊技术,并利用固定化脂肪酶富集鱼渔中的ω-3PUFA.同时,他们还对γ-亚麻酸、花生四烯酸、DHA和EPA的生产、生理功能和应用进行了研究.
用微生物发酵生产多不饱和脂肪酸的成功,不仅可以替代目前以植物和深海量油为原料生产多不饱和脂肪酸,保护环境资源,还使得开发生产富含γ-亚麻酸和DHA的功能性食品及动物饲料添加剂具有良好的开发前景.γ-亚麻酸、花生四烯酸和DHA等多不饱和脂肪酸可以开发成油脂型、乳化型、粉末型3种形式的产品,这些产品将可添加在饮料、调和油、奶粉、冷冻食品中,满足不同类型产品的需要.由于多不饱和脂肪酸的分离提纯需较大的投资,故而造成高纯度的多不饱和脂肪酸的价格较高,如将多不饱和脂肪酸粗品作为食品或动物饲料添加剂来开发,可大大提高食品和畜产品的营养价值而同时产品的价格又不会很高,对大多数消费者来说很容易接受,尤其是从我国目前的消费水平来看,开发富含多不饱和脂肪酸的食品和畜产品将有广阔开发前景.
目前,华南理工大学已和深圳荣格生物化学制品有限公司就γ-亚麻酸发酵项目合作进行产业化生产;由大连轻工业学院主持的DHA/EPA微胶羹生产技术也和山东省济宁市生物化学研究所达成合作开发,拟建产业化示范厂进行生产. (转白<中国食品报>) 相似文献
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人类膳食中长期缺乏ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)或ω-6/ω-3比值不适,可导致心脑血管疾病的发生,而给人类提供富含ω-3 PUFA的肉蛋奶等产品可有效缓解这一现象。研究表明,动物日粮中的PUFA可直接影响肉蛋奶产品中ω-3 PUFA的含量。本文就日粮中添加不同的富含亚麻酸来源的原料生产ω-3 PUFA富集肉、蛋、奶3种动物产品进行了综述,旨在为其生产提供理论依据,并进一步提出了ω-3 PUFA富集动物产品需要解决的一些问题。 相似文献
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饲喂不同油脂对黄羽肉鸡肌肉组织中脂肪酸组成的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
选用 8 3日龄的雌性广西黄羽肉鸡 90只 ,随机分成 5组 (每组设 2个重复 ,每个重复 9只 ,共 18只 ) ,研究饲粮中不同油脂对肉鸡肌肉组织脂肪酸组成的影响。 5组饲粮分别含 3%的富含饱和脂肪酸的棕榈油 (PO3组 ,对照组 )、 3% (LO3组 )和 5%的富含α 亚麻酸 (C18:3n 3,ALA)的亚麻油 (LO5组 )、 5%的富含长链n 3脂肪酸 (如C2 0 :5n 3,EPA ;C2 2 :6n 3,DHA)的鱼油 (FO5组 )、 5%的富含亚油酸(C18:2n 6 ,LA)和ALA的火麻仁油 (HO5组 )。饲喂 2 8d,取样测定胸肌和腿肌中的脂肪酸组成。结果表明 :PO3(对照组 )肌肉中的n 6 /n 3脂肪酸比值比例高于其他组 (P <0 0 5) ;与对照组相比 ,LO3组和LO5组以ALA和LA为主的多不饱和脂肪酸 (PUFA)增加 (P <0 0 5) ,ALA和LA在体内可转化为相应的长链脂肪酸 ;FO5组以长链n 3PUFA ,(如EPA、DPA、DHA)为主的PUFA含量增加 (P <0 0 5) ;HO5组以LA为主的n 6脂肪酸高于其他组 (P <0 0 5) ;长链PUFA (如DHA)易沉积于胸肌中 ,而LA ,ALA易沉积于腿肌中。由此可见 ,肉鸡肌肉组织脂肪酸的组成充分反映了饲粮油脂的脂肪酸组成 ,通过饲粮中添加不同脂肪酸组成的油脂可生产富含特定PUFA的鸡肉 相似文献
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Morag F Dick Jennifer Hurford Sha Lei Anne-Mari Mustonen Petteri Nieminen Kirsti Rouvinen-Watt 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2014,56(1):5
Background
Rapid body fat mobilization, obesity, and an inadequate supply of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have been suggested to play roles in the etiology of fatty liver in the American mink (Neovison vison). This study examined the effects of feeding intensity and dietary fat source on fatty liver induced by fasting. In a multi-factorial design, 3 different fat sources (herring oil, rich in n-3 PUFA, soya oil, rich in n-6 PUFA, and canola oil, rich in n-9 monounsaturated fatty acids) were fed to mink at a low and high feeding intensity for 10 weeks, followed by an overnight or a 5-day fasting treatment to induce fatty liver.Results
Fasting led to the development of fatty liver with increased severity in the mink fed at the high feeding intensity. The herring oil diet, high in long-chain n-3 PUFA, was found to decrease the severity of fatty liver in the mink at the high feeding intensity.Conclusion
Preventing excessive weight gain and increasing dietary intake of n-3 long-chain PUFA may help prevent excessive lipid accumulation during prolonged periods of fasting or inappetence by promoting hepatic fatty acid oxidation. 相似文献13.
Husvéth F Manilla HA Gaál T Vajdovich P Balogh N Wágner L Lóth I Németh K 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》2000,48(1):69-79
The influence of fish oil (highly unsaturated) and beef tallow (highly saturated) with vitamin E (100 IU/kg) supplementation on the antioxidant status of broiler chicken cockerels was investigated. Chicks were fed a control diet with no added fat, 40 g/kg each of fish oil and beef tallow diets, respectively, from 11 to 42 days of age. Tocopherol concentration and the rate of lipid peroxidation, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) in liver, fatty acid composition of the liver lipids, blood serum total antioxidant status (TAS), and reduced glutathione (GSH) content were determined. Vitamin E supplementation of the diet increased liver alpha-tocopherol content in chicks regardless of the type of dietary fat. Fish oil diet resulted in higher liver TBARS value while beef tallow diet showed lower values compared to the control diet. Vitamin E supplementation reduced liver TBARS as well as serum GSH, and raised serum TAS for all diets. Serum GSH was the same for vitamin E supplemented diets regardless of the fat supplement. Fish oil diets resulted in a significant increase in hepatic lipid n-3 PUFA content. A significant positive correlation was found between liver TBARS and n-3 PUFA content. No relationships were established, however, between liver TBARS and n-6 PUFA or saturated fatty acids. The results suggest that feeding oils rich in n-3 PUFA increases tissue concentration of these fatty acids, consequently increasing tissue lipid peroxidation and reducing the antioxidative status of broiler chickens. Supplementing high levels of vitamin E with such oils may increase tissue oxidative stability. Serum TAS or GSH may be used as a measure of antioxidative status in chickens. 相似文献
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T. Ribeiro S.P. Alves R.J.B. Bessa P. Costa J.P.C. Lemos 《British poultry science》2013,54(6):753-765
1. Concentrations of beneficial omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFAs) in poultry meat can be improved by increasing the concentration of n-3 PUFA in poultry diets.2. A decrease in flavour quality is, however, usually associated with the dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFA, which is due to the susceptibility of PUFA to oxidation.3. This experiment was conducted to study the effects of introducing two different n-3 fatty acid sources (extruded linseed and DHA Gold?, a proprietary algal product rich in docosahexaenoic acid), either separately or together, on broiler productive performance, and meat quality, oxidative stability, sensory traits and LC-PUFA profile.4. Birds given the algal product displayed better productive performances than animals from other groups.5. The data revealed an improvement in the fatty acid nutritional value of meat from birds receiving the algal product and an inefficient conversion of α-linolenic acid (LNA) into LC-PUFA.6. Metabolisation of LNA in vivo is not sufficient to improve meat quality in n-3 LC-PUFA and direct supplementation of the diet with n-3 LC-PUFA is a better alternative to modulate an increase in beneficial fatty acids of broiler meat.7. The overall acceptability of meat was negatively affected by the dietary supplementation with 7.4% of DHA, in contrast to the supplementation with 3.7% of DHA, which showed to be efficient in improving LC-PUFA meat content without affecting its sensory properties. 相似文献
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Thanasak J Rutten VP Schonewille JT Hoek A Beynen AC Noordhuizen JP Müller KE 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2004,51(1):1-9
The aim of this study was to investigate whether dietary n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) alter immune functions as lymphocyte blastogenesis, expression of lymphocyte and monocyte markers, and cell adhesion molecules of the integrin family in goats. Dutch White castrated male goats received a diet either rich in olive oil (control group, n = 4) or rich in corn oil (test group, n = 4) over a period of 3 weeks. The animals in the test group had significantly higher linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6) levels in plasma on days 7, 14 and 21 of the diet than control animals. This was also true for washed erythrocyte membranes at day 21. A significant reduction in the percentage of alpha-4 integrin (CD49d) expressing lymphocytes was observed in goats fed LA rich corn oil at day 21. However, no changes were observed in either lymphocyte proliferative responses to ConA and PHA or the expression of other lymphocyte/monocyte markers. In conclusion, feeding corn oil rich in LA caused significant increases in the proportion of LA in the fatty acid composition of plasma and erythrocyte membranes and was accompanied by a significant decrease of the adhesion molecule alpha-4 integrin (CD49d) on lymphocytes but not on monocytes. 相似文献
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多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)主要分为ω-3 PUFA和ω-6 PUFA,是精子质膜脂质的主要成分,对精子抗氧化、提高精子质膜流动性、维持精子结构完整性及睾酮合成等具有重要作用。不同类型PUFA对精液品质的作用有所不同,ω-6 PUFA中的花生四烯酸(AA)能够促进睾酮的分泌,但精浆中过量的AA可能诱导氧化应激;亚油酸(LA)同样可提高体内睾酮水平,共轭亚油酸(CLA)可降低精子的氧化应激;动物体内少量的二十二碳五烯酸(DPA)不仅能参与精子的运输过程,还能提高精子的抗氧化能力。ω-3 PUFA中的α-亚麻酸(ALA)具有抗氧化作用并能刺激睾酮的合成,二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)作用与ALA相似,可提高精子的抗氧化能力,同时可促进睾酮合成;二十碳五烯酸(EPA)对精子结构及睾酮合成具有调节作用。适当的ω-6/ω-3 PUFA比例对精子的活力、质膜结构、脂质组成和顶体反应均具有重要的调节作用。PUFA对精子的作用可因添加的方式、类型、ω-6/ω-3PUFA的比例及动物种类的不同而有所不同。近年来,PUFA对动物精液品质作用的相关研究取得了较大进展,但其提高精液品质的作用机制仍需进一步深入探讨。作者综述了在饲粮或精液稀释液中添加不同类型的ω-3 PUFA、ω-6 PUFA及ω-6/ω-3 PUFA比例对精子的影响,以期为深入了解PUFA在动物精液生产中的应用提供理论参考。 相似文献
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Mitchaothai J Everts H Yuangklang C Wittayakun S Vasupen K Wongsuthavas S Srenanul P Hovenier R Beynen AC 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2008,92(4):502-510
The apparent digestibility and deposition in carcass of individual dietary fatty acids (FA) were determined in growing-finishing pigs fed diets containing either beef tallow or sunflower oil. The beef tallow was rich in saturated FA (SFA) and the sunflower oil had a high content of polyunsaturated FA (PUFA). A total of 39 barrows was used. The experimental diets contained 5% (w/w) of the variable fat source and were fed ad libitum . The dietary fat type had no effect (p > 0.05) on growth performance, even though the apparent digestibilities of crude fat and crude protein were higher (p < 0.05) in the animals fed sunflower oil. The pigs fed the sunflower oil diet showed higher apparent digestibilities (p < 0.05) of the sum of SFA, monounsaturated FA (MUFA) and PUFA, but had a lower digestibility (p < 0.05) of stearic acid. The intakes of individual digestible FA were derived feed intake data, FA contents of the diets and the digestibility of individual FA. For the entire feeding period of 13 weeks, the ratio of deposition in carcass to intake of digestible FA was increased (p < 0.05) for palmitic and stearic acid in the pigs fed sunflower oil, but the ratios for oleic acid and linoleic acid were decreased (p < 0.001). In the pigs fed sunflower oil instead of beef tallow, the deposition:intake ratio was raised for the SFA (p < 0.001), but diminished for the MUFA (p < 0.05). The calculated minimum de novo synthesis of SFA was increased (p < 0.05) and that of MUFA decreased (p < 0.05) in the pigs fed sunflower oil. It is concluded that the feeding of a diet with sunflower oil instead of beef tallow improved apparent digestibility of SFA, MUFA and PUFA, increased the deposition:digestible intake ratio for SFA, but lowered that for MUFA and PUFA. 相似文献
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试验旨在研究南阳黑猪脂肪酸组成及含量,以期为中国地方猪种遗传资源的保护及开发利用提供理论依据。以南阳黑猪和大白猪为研究对象,每品种猪各12头,测量背最长肌脂肪酸含量及种类,以脂肪酸种类及数量、单不饱和脂肪酸（monounsaturated fatty acid,MUFA）、多不饱和脂肪酸（polyunsaturated fatty acid,PUFA）、饱和脂肪酸（saturated fatty acid,SFA）、12-16碳饱和脂肪酸（饱和脂肪酸1,SFA1）、其他饱和脂肪酸（饱和脂肪酸2,SFA2）、不饱和脂肪酸（unsaturated fatty acids,UFA）、SFA2/SFA1、PUFA/MUFA、必需脂肪酸（essential fatty acid,EFA）、共轭亚油酸（conjugated linoleic acids,CLA）、PUFA/SFA、ω-6 PUFA/ω-3 PUFA等为指标,从营养、健康、风味及储存方面综合评价两个猪种猪肉脂肪酸品质。结果显示,两个猪种背最长肌中共检出30种脂肪酸,其中23种脂肪酸在两个猪种间有显著或极显著差异（P<0.05;P<0.01）;除SFA2/SFA1和ω-6 PUFA /ω-3 PUFA外,南阳黑猪其他指标均高于大白猪;SFA1、MUFA、PUFA、SFA、UFA、UFA/SFA、SFA2/SFA1、PUFA/MUFA、EFA、CLA、PUFA/SFA、ω-6 PUFA/ω-3 PUFA 11个指标在两个猪种间存在显著或极显著差异（P<0.05;P<0.01）,SFA2和PUFA/MUFA在两个猪种间无显著差异（P>0.05）。综合以上结果,南阳黑猪肌肉脂肪酸品质总体优于大白猪。 相似文献
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Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Fatty Acid in Nanyang Black Pig and Large White Pig 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The experiment was carried out to study the composition and contents of fatty acids of Nanyang Black pig, and to provide a theoretical basis for the protection and exploitation of local pig genetic resources in China. 12 Nanyang Black pigs and 12 Large White pigs were chosen, and the composition and contents of fatty acids in longissimus dorsi muscle were measured, and the quality of fatty acids was comprehensive evaluated from nutrition, health, flavor and storage aspects. Monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), 12-16 carbon saturated fatty acids (SFA1), other saturated fatty acids (SFA2), unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), saturated fatty acids (SFA), SFA2/SFA1, MUFA/PUFA, essential fatty acid (EFA), conjugated linoleic acids (CLA), PUFA/SFA and ω-6 PUFA/ω-3 PUFA were used as the indexes of multiple comparison. The results showed that there were 30 kinds of fatty acids were detected and 23 of them had significant or extremely significant differences between the two pig breeds (P<0.05;P<0.01). Nanyang Black pig had higher values of above measured indexes than that of Large White pig in addition to SFA2/SFA1 and ω-6 PUFA/ω-3 PUFA. 11 indexes such as SFA1,MUFA,PUFA,SFA,UFA, UFA/SFA,SFA2/SFA1,PUFA/MUFA, EFA,CLA, PUFA/SFA and ω-6 PUFA/ω-3 PUFA differed significantly or extremely significantly between the two pig breeds (P<0.05;P<0.01), while SFA2 and PUFA/MUFA had no significant differences between the two pig breeds (P>0.05). In conclusion, the fatty acids of Nanyang Black pig were significantly better than that of Large White pig. 相似文献
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多不饱和脂肪酸对动物体脂沉积及其基因表达的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)是一类重要的营养物质,是体内重要的能量来源,同时也是细胞膜的重要组成成分,在细胞生化过程中同样起着重要作用。研究发现,日粮添加PUFA能抑制动物生脂酶基因的表达,并增加脂肪分解相关酶基因的表达,从而调节体脂代谢。PUFA主要在基因转录和mRNA的稳定性两个水平上调节基因表达,其调节机制目前认为主要有两种:一种为PUFA-PPAR依赖性机制,另一种为PPAR非依赖性或PUFA特异性机制。 相似文献