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【目的】比较两种氨基酸分析仪(百康30+;日立L-8900)测定饲料氨基酸含量的差异,为分析不同仪器间测定的饲料氨基酸含量的可加性提供参考。【方法】采用配对试验设计,比较两种氨基酸分析仪对能量饲料(玉米、糙米、小麦、大麦、稻谷)和蛋白质饲料(豆粕、棉籽粕、菜籽粕、玉米蛋白粉、酪蛋白)氨基酸含量测定的差异,以及两种氨基酸分析仪在玉米-豆粕饲粮氨基酸含量测定上的可加性。【结果】百康30+测定能量饲料的7种氨基酸(赖氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、组氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸、丙氨酸)含量低于日立L-8900(P<0.05),而测定蛋白质饲料的2种氨基酸(谷氨酸、半胱氨酸)含量高于日立L-8900(P<0.05)。但二者相对偏差均在3.0%以内。百康30+和日立L-8900测定能量饲料氨基酸含量的差异大于蛋白质饲料,二者能量饲料测定值的比值为94.3%～105.0%,蛋白质饲料测定值的比值为96.6%～102.4%;测定玉米-豆粕饲粮氨基酸含量的实测值分别为计算值的91.4%～107.8%和99.0%～104.3%,且前者对11... 相似文献
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同位素内标、GC-MS法测定饲料中三聚氰胺 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文旨在建立同位素内标法定量测定饲料中三聚氰胺的方法。饲料用三氯乙酸和乙酸铅溶液提取,再经PCX固相萃取柱净化、BSTFA衍生化,定容后用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)测定,并以同位素内标定量。饲料中三聚氰胺的检出限为50μg/kg,三聚氰胺的测定在125～5000ng/mL范围内具有良好的线性关系,配合饲料、浓缩饲料、预混饲料中的平均回收率分别为95.0%、95.6%、94.9%,平均变异系数为2.8%、3.3%、3.7%。通过与外标法比较,该方法定量准确可靠,更加适合用作饲料中三聚氰胺的定量测定。 相似文献
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高效液相色谱法测定饲料香味剂中肉桂醛的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
建立了高效液相色谱法测定饲料香味剂中肉桂醛的方法。试样经甲醇提取后,用HPLC测定肉桂醛。肉桂醛的回收率在96.6%～99.5%,变异系数为1.3%。该方法对饲料香味剂中肉桂醛的检测分析准确性高、重现性好。 相似文献
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氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定饲料中的镉 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
本实验采用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱(HG-AFS)法,用盐酸、硝酸和高氯酸消解样品,以钴离子作为镉荧光信号增强剂,测定饲料及饲料添加荆中的镉.在本实验条件下测定,镉在0～2.0μg/L线性关系良好,回归方程y=1317.8x+78.203(r=0.9995),方法的相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.6%(n=11.2μ/L),检出限为0.08μg/L,加标回收率为78.3%～106.7%.用本方法测定饲料及饲料添加剂中的镉,操作简单快速.灵敏度高,重现性好,适合饲料及饲料添加剂中镉的检测分析. 相似文献
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不同方法测定反刍动物饲料NDF、ADF和木质素含量的比较 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用传统抽滤、ANKOM滤袋和CAU滤袋技术测定16种反刍动物饲料的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和木质素(PL,高锰酸钾法)含量。结果表明:3种方法测定的大部分饲料的NDF、ADF和PL含量间没有差异(P>0.05),但在测定谷物性饲料NDF含量时,ANKOM滤袋技术测定值明显低于其他2种方法(P<0.05);在测定动物性蛋白质饲料时,CAU滤袋测定的NDF值明显高于其他2种方法(P<0.05)。3种方法测定的NDF、ADF和木质素含量均具有显著的线性相关关系(R2=0.990～0.996),其中2个滤袋技术测定值之间的相关程度最高(R2=0.992～0.996);2个滤袋技术测定值的变异系数(CV=2.20%～3.96%)均小于传统抽滤(CV=3.21%～4.91%)。 相似文献
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研究对比了几种测定饲料中钙含量的方法,分析了各方法的特点和适用范围。结果表明:用EDTA法测鱼粉、石粉和米糠的钙含量,与国标法测定结果比较差异不显著(P>0.05),而此方法测定玉米蛋白粉、豆粕、麦麸和玉米中的钙含量,测定结果却与国标法相比差异显著(P<0.05),说明EDTA法不适于测定钙含量在0.1%~0.4%之间的饲料,对钙含量低于0.1%和高于0.4%的饲料较适用。均相沉淀法和双氧水法与国标法测定结果比较,发现以上7种饲料的测定结果差异均不显著(P>0.05),且均相沉淀法适用于石粉类钙含量高的饲料的测定。钙色素法测定玉米蛋白粉、豆粕、麦麸和鱼粉的测定结果与国标法相比差异不显著(P>0.05),而玉米、石粉和米糠钙含量的测定结果与国标法比较却差异显著(P<0.05),说明钙色素法适用于钙含量中等的饲料的测定,不适合测定石粉、玉米、米糠类钙含量较高或较低的饲料。 相似文献
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为了研究在饲料中添加氨基酸对肉鸡屠体成分的影响,进行了下面两组试验。实验1:以6种饲料为试样:1、以粗蛋白质(CP)20%的玉米—大豆粕为基础饲料,2、在基础饲料中添加0.28%的赖氨酸,或添加0.28%的赖氨酸+0.3%的 DL 蛋氨基的饲料,3、添加3.43%甘氨酸的 CP 含量24%的玉米—大豆粕饲料,4、在饲料3中添加0.28%的赖氨酸+0.3%的蛋氨酸的饲料,5、CP24%的玉米—大豆粕饲料,6、在饲料5中添加0.2%的蛋氨酸的饲料。用上述饲料饲喂4～7周龄的肉鸡,饲喂时间为4周。然后测定7周龄肉鸡屠体的脂肪含量与腹脂量。 相似文献
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《饲料工业》2017,(17):40-43
文章用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定饲料添加剂中重金属铊的含量。样品经硝酸消解后,试样液引入等离子体质谱仪。对于一定质荷比的待测离子,质谱信号响应与进入质谱仪中的离子数成正比,通过测量质谱的信号计数来测定样品中元素的浓度。采用标准曲线法计算元素的含量。试验结果:饲料级磷酸二氢钙中铊回收率为65%~100%,饲料级维生素中铊回收率为100%~110%,饲料级硫酸亚铁中铊回收率为80%~100%,饲料级硫酸锌中铊回收率为75%~100%;相对标准偏差均小于10%。结果显示,用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定饲料添加剂中重金属铊含量,方便、简单、有效性高。 相似文献
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以“坝选３号”胡麻为材料，研究了不施磷、低磷、中磷和高磷４ 个不同施磷（Ｐ２Ｏ５）水平（０，３５，７０ 和１０５ｋｇ／ｈｍ２）对胡麻植株中磷素累积、转运、分配和磷肥利用效率的影响。结果表明，低磷、中磷和高磷水平时，胡麻各器官不同生育阶段磷素养分吸收和累积量的基本趋势一致，但其变化量与施磷量有极大关系。胡麻地上茎、叶、非籽粒和籽粒中，磷素的日增量增幅因器官而异；胡麻只有叶片中有磷素转移，中磷处理比低磷和高磷处理磷转移量增加５４．９３％～７３．８３％和８．１９％～１０．００％（P＜０．０５），籽粒中２０．４６％～３５．９３％ 的磷素是靠叶片转运而来。胡麻植株磷素累积主要在生殖生长阶段，占整个生育期总累积量的７９．０２％～９２．１７％。施磷（Ｐ２Ｏ５）量为７０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２时磷肥表观利用率和农学效率最高，分别为２０．２２％～２０．５３％和７．３０～７．４４ｋｇ／ｋｇ。胡麻产量随施磷量增加而增加，增幅最高达２８．９６％～３１．４６％。结合产量与磷肥表观利用率和农学效率，本实验区同等肥力土壤条件下，以施磷（Ｐ２Ｏ５）量为７０ｋｇ／ｈｍ２（中磷）为宜。 相似文献
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A balance study was performed in order to quantify the effect of continuously increased phosphorus (P) intake on faecal and urinary P excretion. The aim was to quantify the level of intake where regulatory P excretion becomes relevant for comparative digestibility measurements on P, and when the pig adapts its urinary P excretion to increased P intake. Phosphorus intake of growing pigs was continuously increased on a daily basis starting at a marginal level and P excretion via faeces and urine was continuously followed for 92 days. Two semi-synthetic diets were prepared with different proportions of Na2HPO4 resulting in 2.4 (diet 1) and 6.3 (diet 2) g P/kg DM. Concentration of Ca was adapted to achieve a Ca supply approximately 3.1 fold the digestible P supply. Six castrated male crossbred pigs (31 kg BW) were kept individually in metabolism crates after they had undergone a 14 d P depletion period during which they were fed diet 1 solely. Pigs received 1.04kg of diet 1 per day throughout the experiment, and each day the amount of feed and P supplied to pigs from diet 2 was increased by 12 g and 69 mg, respectively. ME supply was approximately 2.4 fold maintenance and average daily BW gain of pigs during the entire experiment was 690 +/- 30 g. While intake increased linearly, faecal excretion of P and Ca increased non-linearly and could be best described by third order polynomial functions. The proportion of ingested P not excreted via faeces followed a quadratic type of curve with a maximum of 81% at 25 days on experiment and P intake of 4.0 g/d. Thereafter, the proportion decreased continuously. The digestibility of P from diet 2, determined by the slope ratio technique, was constant and not affected by P intake up to a P intake of 5 g/d. Renal P excretion did not exceed inevitable losses until day 60 and increased exponentially thereafter when body P reserves were restored. It is concluded, that an adaptation to surplus P supply occurred earlier on the intestinal than on the renal level. While faecal P excretion appeared regulated depending on the actual requirement for P retention, the regulation via urine depended on the P status of the pig. Once the renal P excretion of growing pigs exceeds a level of 25 mg/d, intake of digestible P cannot be regarded sufficiently low to measure P digestibility as a capacity of the feedstuff. 相似文献
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The relative bioavailability of P in 5 sources of inorganic P was determined using growing pigs. The 5 sources of inorganic P were dicalcium phosphate (DCP), monocalcium phosphate (MCP) containing 50% MCP (MCP50), MCP containing 70% MCP (MCP70), MCP containing 100% MCP (MCP100), and monosodium phosphate (MSP). A total of 11 diets were formulated. The basal diet was formulated to contain 0.10% P, and 10 additional diets were formulated by adding 0.07 or 0.14% P from each of the 5 P sources to the basal diet. Growing pigs (n = 44; initial BW: 16.8 ± 4.3 kg) were individually housed and randomly allotted to the 11 experimental diets. Feed was provided on an ad libitum basis throughout the 28-d experimental period. At the conclusion of the experiment, all pigs were killed, and 4 bones (i.e., the third and fourth metacarpals on both front feet) were harvested. Bone-breaking strength, bone ash, and Ca and P concentrations were determined. The concentration of bone ash increased (P < 0.05) as MCP50, MCP70, MCP100, or MSP were added to the basal diet, and the concentration of bone P also increased (P < 0.05) as MCP70, MCP100, or MSP were added to the basal diet. The relative bioavailability of P in each of the feed phosphates was determined using slope ratio methodologies based on breaking strength, and expressed relative to MSP. The slope of the regression line for diets containing MSP or MCP100 was steeper (P < 0.05) than the slope for pigs fed the diet containing DCP, but not different (P > 0.05) from that of pigs fed diets supplemented with MCP50 or MCP70. In conclusion, P in MSP and MCP100 is more bioavailable than P in DCP, but there were no differences within MCP sources. 相似文献
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为探究不同苜蓿品种对低磷土壤条件的适应性,以甘农3号、甘农5号、甘农9号、甘农10号、WL358HQ、WL343HQ、WL363HQ、WL354HQ、金皇后9个苜蓿品种为研究对象,采用盆栽试验方法,对不同苜蓿品种的株高、生物量、磷含量、磷吸收和利用效率进行了研究,并采用灰色关联度对不同品种苜蓿的表现进行综合评价.结果表明:低磷条件下,结合鲜重和干重,WL343HQ品种生长速度较其他品种快;9个苜蓿品种的磷含量排序为:甘农10号>WL354HQ>WL343HQ>WL358HQ>WL363HQ>金皇后>甘农3号>甘农5号>甘农9号;WL343HQ磷吸收效率最高,为1.32 mg/pot,金皇后最低,为0.58 mg/pot,总体表现为WL343HQ>WL358HQ>甘农5号>甘农9号>WL363HQ>甘农10号>甘农3号>WL354HQ>金皇后;甘农3号磷利用效率最高,为0.84 g/mg,甘农10号最低,为0.53 g/mg.灰色关联度综合评价得出WL343HQ、WL358HQ、WL354HQ和甘农5号为低磷土壤条件下表现较好的4个品种,适宜在土壤有效磷含量较低的土壤上种植. 相似文献
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长期定位施肥条件下紫色土无机磷形态演变研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
应用蒋柏藩-顾益初无机磷分级体系对22年长期定位施肥试验紫色土0~100 cm土层无机磷形态进行分级测定,研究了各形态的无机磷在土壤剖面的分布及演变规律。结果表明,长期施用化学磷肥以及有机无机肥配施处理的土壤全磷、有效磷和各形态无机磷均较试验前有不同程度的增加,且以猪粪+NPK(M+NPK)处理土壤增加最多,其中有效磷含量增加了6倍;不施肥(CK)和单施氮肥(N)的处理土壤有效磷、全磷和各形态无机磷出现了下降,其中有效磷含量分别降低了51.1%和53.5%。除了Fe-P 和Ca10-P含量下层高于上层外其余各形态无机磷都表现为耕层高于下层的特征。各处理Ca2-P、Al-P、Ca8-P、O-P等无机磷的剖面分布较为相似,均呈20~60 cm下降比较迅速,80~100 cm变化不大或者稍微上升的趋势,而Fe-P则表现为下层含量高于耕层。相关分析表明各组分无机磷对紫色土有效磷的贡献为Ca2-P(0.9569)>Al-P(0.9265)>Ca8-P(0.9100)>Fe-P(0.8277)>Ca10-P(0.7449)>O-P(0.7362)。长期有机无机肥配施可以显著增加磷素在土壤中的累积,并能减少土壤对磷素的固定,增强其在土壤中的移动,促进土壤磷素向有效态转化。 相似文献
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1. In 2 experiments the effects of dietary phosphorus on relationships between plasma inorganic phosphorus concentration (Pi), shell and egg production and depletion states were measured in brown laying hens. 2. In a 12-week experiment dietary phosphorus concentrations from conventionally deficient (1.6 g non-phytate-phosphorus (PNP)/kg) to moderate excess (3.9 g PNP/kg) had little effect on egg and shell production, although there was evidence that plasma Pi concentration, when not influenced strongly by shell formation, reflected dietary phosphorus content. 3. Among birds at each dietary phosphorus concentration there was a negative linear relationship between shell weight of early eggs in the sequence and plasma Pi concentration. The relationship was apparently not affected by dietary phosphorus concentration. 4. Continued feeding of the deficient diet to 61 weeks of age did not have effects on body weight, egg and shell production, other than those associated with age, but plasma Pi and bone measurements indicated marginal phosphorus depletion. 5. In another experiment excessive dietary phosphorus (11.9 g PNP/kg) fed in a cross-over design caused small adverse effects on shell production, increased food intake and body weight and increased plasma Pi content, while there was no relationship between shell weight and plasma Pi concentration. 6. The results are consistent with an indirect effect of plasma phosphorus accumulation on shell formation, probably via an inhibitory effect on skeletal calcium release, in addition to any effect of excess dietary phosphorus on intestinal calcium availability. 7. Phosphorus requirement and status in the laying hen are complicated by the failure to recognise the contribution of digestible phytate-phosphorus to the available phosphorus supply. 相似文献
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Chong Wang ;Zhen Liu ;Diming Wang ;Jianxin Liu ;Hongyun Liu ;Zhiguo Wu 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2014,(4):479-484
Background：Phosphorus（P） supplementation is costly and can result in excess P excretion.This study investigated the effects of reducing dietary P on milk production and P excretion in dairy cows over a full lactation.Method：Forty-five multiparous Holstein dairy cows were divided into 15 blocks according to expected calving date and previous milk yield,and assigned randomly to one of the three dietary treatments：0.37,0.47,and 0.57%P（DM basis）;these P levels represent the NRC recommendations,Chinese recommendations,and the amount of dietary P commonly fed by Chinese dairy farmers,respectively.Average daily feed intake was calculated from monthly data on feed offered and refused.Milk yields of individual cows were recorded weekly,and milk samples were taken for analysis of protein,fat,solids-not-fat,lactose,and somatic cell count.Blood samples were collected on days-6,-3,0,3,6 relative to calving,and then monthly throughout lactation,and analyzed for P and Ca concentrations.Spot samples of feces and urine were collected for 3 consecutive d during weeks 12,24,and 36,and P concentrations were analyzed.Reproduction and health data were recorded.Results：Dietary P did not affect dry matter intake or milk yield（P〉 0.10）.Milk fat content was slightly higher in cows fed 0.37%P than in cows fed 0.47%P（P = 0.05）.Serum concentrations of P and Ca did not reflect dietary P content（P〉 0.10）.Fecal and urinary P both declined linearly（P〈 0.05） as dietary P decreased from 0.57 to0.37%.Fecal P content was 25%less when dietary P was 0.37%compared to 0.57%.Health events and reproductive performance were not associated with dietary P content（P〉 0.05）.Conclusions：Lowering dietary P from 0.57 to 0.37%did not negatively affect milk production,but did significantly reduce P excretion into environment. 相似文献
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从事饮水质量研究的科研人员报告,地面水质的退化很大程度上是由磷污染造成的。据估计,给猪饲喂玉米-大豆粕型日粮后,由其排出的不能被利用 相似文献