首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Erythrocyte macrocytosis in feline leukemia virus associated anemia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
Using erythrocyte volume distribution histograms (erythrograms), erythrocyte macrocytosis and anisocytosis were quantitated in 139 cats tested for feline leukemia virus group-specific antigen. Feline leukemia virus-negative cats with non-regenerative anemia or normal packed cell volumes had normal mean corpuscular volume values. Uninfected cats with regenerative anemia had prominent significantly increased macrocytosis and anisocytosis (p less than 0.01). Ninety percent of 62 feline leukemia virus-positive cats had altered erythrograms. Thirty-three feline leukemia virus-positive cats with non-regenerative anemia had marked macrocytosis. Their mean corpuscular volume values (mean 60 fl +/- 2 fl standard error, reference range of 37-49 fl) were significantly greater than those of feline leukemia virus-negative cats except for those with regenerative anemia. Feline leukemia virus-positive, non-anemic cats had significantly increased mean corpuscular volume values of intermediate magnitude. Nine adult cats experimentally infected with feline leukemia virus developed non-regenerative anemia with significant increases in mean corpuscular volume and anisocytosis. However, the macrocytosis observed in these cats was considerably less than in naturally occurring feline leukemia virus-positive cats with non-regenerative anemia. These observations indicate there are events in the pathogenesis of feline leukemia virus-associated anemia other than simple erythroid hypoplasia. We suggest that hemolysis and erythrocyte regeneration occur before erythroid hypoplasia and may partially account for macrocytosis observed in the face of non-regenerative anemia.  相似文献   

2.
A retrospective study of 128 feline bone marrow reports identified 13 cases of aplastic anemia. Clinical diagnoses included chronic renal failure (n=5), feline leukemia virus infection (n=2), hyperthyroidism treated with methimazole (n=1) and idiopathic aplastic anemia (n=5). In some cats, starvation may play a role in the development of marrow aplasia. Some cats with aplastic anemia can have prolonged survival without resolution of the pancytopenia.  相似文献   

3.
Erythropoiesis was evaluated in 5 cats at base line with normal PCV and then in the same cats with anemia induced by phlebotomy and in 5 other cats with nonregenerative anemia from community-acquired feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection. The hematologic evaluation included complete blood cell and reticulocyte counts, marrow morphologic features, determination of serum erythropoietin concentrations by radioimmunoassay, ferrokinetic studies, and in vitro marrow culture of early erythroid progenitors (erythroid burst-forming units; BFU-E) and late erythroid progenitors (erythroid colony-forming units; CFU-E). Phlebotomized cats developed marrow erythroid hyperplasia and an increased reticulocyte count. Ferrokinetic studies revealed an increase in plasma iron turnover from 1.4 to 3.8 mg of Fe/dl of blood/day and RBC use from 50.4% to 78.5%. The mean CFU-E number and CFU-E/BFU-E ratio increased after phlebotomy, but the increase was not significant (P greater than 0.05). Serum erythropoietin values did increase significantly. In FeLV-infected cats, a nonregenerative anemia was demonstrated by marrow erythroid hypoplasia and a low total reticulocyte count. An increased percentage of rubriblasts and prorubricytes was observed in 4 of the 5 cats. Although serum erythropoietin values were high (321 +/- 123 mU/ml vs normal 14 +/- 1 mU/ml), ferrokinetic data revealed decreased erythropoiesis. Marrow culture studies in the FeLV-infected cats also revealed low numbers of BFU-E and CFU-E, but normal numbers of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors remained. Seemingly, the FeLV infection impaired the ability of feline marrow to respond physiologically to anemia.  相似文献   

4.
Myeloid leukemia was induced by a new feline leukemia virus isolate FeLV-AB/GM-1 in a high proportion of cats. The latency period was short. Three to 5 weeks after infection early changes were detectable in the bone marrow, and cats developed leukemia 5 to 8 weeks after infection. The results of the present histological and cytological studies suggested that there were two stages in the development of leukemia. The first stage appeared to be equivalent to the syndrome of bone marrow dysplasia or preleukemia which, however, converted rapidly to leukemia. Cytopenia(s) were the main hematological findings in all preleukemic and leukemic cats. White blood cell counts were low or normal, but the number of leukemic and abnormal cells increased in the peripheral blood with the progression of the disease. This reliable model system lends itself to further studies to elucidate the pathogenesis of myeloproliferative disorders.  相似文献   

5.
We investigated the hematologic abnormalities and prognoses in 16 cats with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Nonregenerative anemia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia were observed in 15, 13, and 4, respectively, of the 16 cats with MDS. Morphologic abnormalities characteristic of MDS included megaloblastoid rubricytes (9 cats), hyposegmentation of neutrophils (7 cats), nuclear abnormality of rubricytes (10 cats) and neutrophils (13 cats), and micromegakaryocytes (10 cats). Disease in these 16 cats was subclassified into refractory anemia (RA; 8 cats), RA with excess of blasts (RAEB; 5 cats), RAEB in transformation (RAEB in T; 1 cat), and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMMoL; 2 cats), according to the human French-American-British (FAB) classification. In the cats in which the clinical outcome was known, 3 of 6 cats with high blast cell count MDS, including RAEB, RAEB in T, and CMMoL, developed acute myeloid leukemia, but only 1 of 8 cats with low blast cell count MDS (RA) developed acute myeloid leukemia. Based on the Dusseldorf scoring system for the prognosis of human MDS, the survival times of the cats showing high scores (> or =3 points) were significantly shorter than those of the cats with low scores (<3 points). The FAB classification and Dusseldorf scoring system were considered to be useful for predicting the prognosis of feline MDS. Furthermore, 15 of the 16 cats with MDS in this study were infected with feline leukemia virus, indicating its possible etiologic role in the pathogenesis of feline MDS.  相似文献   

6.
Objective To characterise epidemiological and clinical findings, and diagnostic procedures undertaken, in cats with lymphosarcoma at a veterinary teaching hospital.
Design Retrospective case study.
Procedure Hospital records were reviewed for 7159 cats, sick or healthy, examined during a 10-year period (1984 to 1994). Sixty cats with lymphosarcoma were identified and classified by anatomical location of the tumour. Data on breed, age, sex, clinical signs and diagnostic procedures were collated.
Results The prevalence of feline lymphosarcoma in the hospital population was 0.84%. Siamese cats appeared predisposed to lymphosarcoma but other purebreds were not. Males were somewhat overrepresented amongst affected cats. Similar numbers of cases (12 to 18) were seen in each of the four anatomic categories (multicentric, mediastinal, alimentary and extranodal). Cats with mediastinal lymphosarcoma were mostly young and Siamese. Clinical signs in affected cats were varied, usually multiple and often nonspecific. Two of 22 cases tested positive for feline leukaemia virus antigen in blood and 6 of 13 were positive for feline immunodeficiency virus antibody.
Conclusions Extranodal lymphosarcoma seemed more prevalent in this study than reported elsewhere. Siamese cats in the study population may have had a genetic predisposition to lymphosarcoma. Limited evidence suggested feline leukaemia virus may be less important, and feline immunodeficiency virus more important, in the local population than indicated in overseas reports. Additional studies are needed to investigate breed predisposition and feline leukaemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus status in Australian cats with lymphosarcoma.  相似文献   

7.
Two hundred fifty Boston cats with disorders such as lymphosarcoma, myeloproliferative disease, anemia, glomerulonephritis, pregnancy abnormalities, feline infectious peritonitis, toxoplasmosis, and various bacterial infections were examined for feline leukemia virus (FeLV) by immunofluorescence. Antibody titers against feline oncornavirus-associated cell membrane antigen (FOCMA) were tested in 133 of these cats. The tests for FeLV and FOCMA antibody were also conducted among healthy cats not known to have been exposed to FeLV, as well as among healthy cats from households where FeLV was known to be present. Most of the cats with lymphosarcoma and the other aforementioned disorders were infected with FeLV and low FOCMA antibody titers. Healthy cats known to have been exposed to FeLV were often viremic, but those that remained healthy were able to develop high FOCMA antibody titers. Healthy cats without known prior exposure to FeLV were unlikely to be viremic but often had detectable FOCMA antibody titers, indicating that some exposure occurs under natural conditions in the Boston area. The association of FeLV with infections other than lymphosarcoma was assumed to be caused by the immunosuppresive effect of FeLV, thus allowing development of disease.  相似文献   

8.
More than 40 cases of feline leishmaniasis have been reported in the scientific literature. The influence of some immunodepressive conditions of viral origin, such as leukemia and feline immunodeficiency, are still unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of Leishmania infection in cats and possible relations with these viral infections. Markers of Leishmania infection were searched in 183 cats from Southern Spain by IFAT, PCR, Giemsa stain and culture, with a follow-up of positive cats. Seropositivity was 60.0% (Ab titer > or =10) and 28.3% of animals presented Ab titers > or =40. Around 25.7% of the cats studied were parasitemic and some of them remained positive for months. Combining both data, 70.6% of the feline population was, or could be, infected. We observed a negative association between seropositivity to Leishmania and infection by FeLV. Hence, production of antibodies against the parasite appears to be compromised in cats with leukemia, which have a prevalence of 36% in our study. In contrast, we found no association with feline immunodeficiency. The results makes us doubt the value of conventional serological methods to detect active Leishmania infection in cats.  相似文献   

9.
The humoral antibody responses of 82 domestic cats to the common commensal bacteria Pasteurella multocida and Staphylococcus aureus were measured by an indirect immunofluorescence assay to give a subjective quantification of specific IgG in serum. There was no significant difference in specific serum IgG levels between sick cats which tested antibody-positive to feline immunodeficiency virus or antigen-positive to feline leukaemia virus and sick, virus-negative cats. This finding suggested that there was no change in immune status, as measured by this method, in both feline leukemia and feline immunodeficiency virus infections, although, based on clinical signs shown by the virus-positive cats, overall immunosuppression was indicated. Feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus infection may have an effect on cellular immunity, as is the case with human immunodeficiency virus.  相似文献   

10.
Abstract: Platelet clumping is a common cause of erroneous platelet counts in cats. Mixing of blood with a vortex mixer was evaluated as a method to disaggregate platelet clumps in feline blood and thus obtain accurate platelet counts. Whole blood samples from 42 cats with platelet clumping and 10 control cats without platelet clumping were mixed for 1 minute at the maximal setting using a standard vortex mixer. Blood smears (for subjective assessment of the type and amount of platelet clumping), platelet counts, and total leukocyte counts were evaluated before and after mixing. Vortex treatment of blood samples with platelet clumps caused an increased platelet count in all but 1 sample. Although most samples had strong increases in platelet counts after mixing, only a minority of samples (5 of 42) appeared to have all platelet clumps dispersed. Of 39 feline blood samples with platelet counts initially <200×109 cells/L, 23 counts increased to >200×109 cells/L and 34 counts increased to >100×109 cells/L. Overall, mixing gave inconsistent and partial improvement in platelet counts. Total leukocyte counts were not significantly affected by vortex mixing. Vortex mixing of 10 feline blood samples without platelet clumping had no consistent effect on platelet or WBC counts. In conclusion, vortex mixing of feline blood does not appear to be a consistent means of correcting the problem of feline platelet clumping.  相似文献   

11.
Fourteen specific-pathogen-free cats were inoculated with a putative env gene recombinant feline retrovirus, PR8. An isolate of the Rickard strain of feline leukemia virus (FeLV-R), PR8, has the properties of both an exogenous (FeLV-R) and an endogenous (xenotropic) feline retrovirus (RD-114). Twelve of the PR8-inoculated cats developed viremia; 2 of the 12 cats developed eosinophilia, with 1 being diagnosed with eosinophilic leukemia and the other with extreme eosinophilic hyperplasia. Eosinophilic leukemia is rare in cats and has not previously been associated with retroviral infection. Changes in the viral envelope properties may have altered the pathogenicity of the exogenous virus to cause this rare form of leukemia.  相似文献   

12.
Over a 4-year period, 1,683 pound-source cats received at a research institution were screened for feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection, using an indirect fluorescent antibody test. Viremia was detected in 83 of the cats, for a prevalence of 4.9%. During this period, FeLV infection was detected in 5 kittens on a research project; lymphoma or anemia developed 6 to 17 months after the infections were detected. It was concluded that apparently healthy cats infected with FeLV may not be appropriate for some biomedical research projects.  相似文献   

13.
The performance of a micro ELISA test for detection of feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection was evaluated. The test was found specific for FeLV and feline sarcoma virus (FeSV) group-specific antigens in blood, plasma or serum of infected cats. Other common feline pathogens were negative to the test.Quantities as little as 7.8 ng of p-27 (the major group specific antigen of FeLV) per ml of sample gave positive results. The correlation between the micro ELISA test and the indirect immunofluorescent test commonly used for diagnosis of FeLV infection was 98% in 116 clinical cases and 184 samples from cats inoculated with FeLV and 100% in 100 specific pathogen-free cats.  相似文献   

14.
OBJECTIVE: To compare WBC, neutrophil, and platelet counts and Hct values obtained with a point-of-care hematology analyzer with values obtained by a reference method for dogs and cats receiving chemotherapy. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. ANIMALS:105 dogs and 25 cats undergoing chemotherapy. PROCEDURES:Blood samples were analyzed with a point-of-care hematology analyzer and with an impedance- and laser-based analyzer with manual differential WBC counts. Results for WBC, neutrophil, and platelet counts and Hct were compared. Sensitivity and specificity of the point-of-care analyzer to detect leukopenia, neutropenia, and anemia were calculated. RESULTS: 554 canine and 96 feline blood samples were evaluated. Correlation coefficients for dogs and cats, respectively, were 0.92 and 0.95 for total WBC count, 0.91 and 0.88 for neutrophil count, 0.95 and 0.92 for Hct, and 0.93 and 0.71 for platelet count. Sensitivity and specificity, respectively, of the point-of-care analyzer to detect leukopenia were 100% and 75% for dogs and 100% and 68% for cats; to detect neutropenia were 80% and 97% for dogs and 100% and 80% for cats; to detect anemia were 100% and 80% for dogs and 100% and 66% for cats; and to detect thrombocytopenia were 86% and 95% for dogs and 50% and 87% for cats. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE:The point-of-care analyzer was reliable for monitoring CBCs of dogs and cats receiving chemotherapy. It had good to excellent correlation for WBC and neutrophil counts and Hct and accurately detected leukopenia, neutropenia, and anemia. Sensitivity of the analyzer for detecting thrombocytopenia was lower but acceptable.  相似文献   

15.
Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) occurs less frequently in cats than in dogs. The value of the Coombs' test (CT) has been questioned, but detailed surveys of its use are lacking. The objective of this study was to describe 19 cats with primary IMHA (pIMHA) and to examine the diagnostic value of the direct CT. The CT was performed in 92 cats; it was negative in 5 healthy, in 9 sick nonanemic, and in 55 cats with different types of anemia. The CT was positive in 18 anemic cats (2 feline leukemia virus (FeLV) positive, 1 with cholangiohepatitis, 15 with no underlying disease). Moreover, agglutination persisted after saline washing in 5 anemic cats (1 lymphoma, 4 pIMHA). Inclusion criteria for pIMHA were a positive CT (15) or persistent agglutination (4), and the exclusion of other diseases. The age of the 19 cats ranged from 0.5 to 9 years (median, 2 years); male cats were overrepresented. The PCV on admission was 6-22% (median, 12%). The anemia was nonregenerative in 11 cats. Additional abnormal laboratory results were leukocytosis (2), lymphocytosis (6), hyperbilirubinemia (13), hyperglobulimemia (10), and increased liver enzyme activities (10). Initial treatment consisted of blood transfusions (10), crystalloids (11), prednisolone (19), antibiotics (19), and H2-blockers (11). Four of 17 cats were euthanized 9, 63, 240 and 2,160 days after initial presentation (mortality rate, 23.5%). Relapses were reported in 5 of 16 cases (31%). Thus, pIMHA appears to occur more frequently than recognized previously, with a more favorable prognosis in cats than in dogs. The CT was useful in identifying immune-mediated pathogenesis.  相似文献   

16.
Fifty-six cats with naturally occurring Babesia felis infection were studied. No breed or sex predilection could be identified, but there was an apparent predilection for young adult cats less than 3 years of age. Macrocytic, hypochromic, regenerative anaemia was present in 57% of the cats and in-saline agglutination tests were positive in 16%. No characteristic changes were observed in total or differential leukocyte counts. Thrombocyte counts were variable and thrombocytopaenia was an inconsistent finding. Hepatic cytosol enzyme activity and total bilirubin concentrations were elevated in the majority of cats. Serum protein values were mostly normal, but increased values were occasionally observed and polyclonal gammopathies were observed in all cats with increased total globulin concentrations. No remarkable changes in renal parameters were observed. A variety of electrolyte abnormalities occurred in a number of cats, but no consistent pattern of change could be identified. A close correlation was evident between peripheral and central parasite counts. Concurrent infections with Haemobartonella felis, feline immunodeficiency virus and/or feline leukemia virus were identified in a number of cats.  相似文献   

17.
The preparation of a feline Coombs serum (rabbit antifeline gamma globulin) is described. The direct antiglobulin test using this serum was performed on 20 anemic and 20 healthy control cats. Red cell membrane antibodies were detected in cats with feline leukemia virus infection and in others with inflammatory and neoplastic diseases. A low titre of cold agglutinating antibody was present in a high proportion of the control cats. Positive direct antiglobulin tests were noted in cats without overt hemolytic disease. It was concluded that the direct antiglobulin test in anemic cats has certain diagnostic limitations. A positive reaction should be interpreted cautiously especially when there is no clinical or laboratory evidence to support a diagnosis of autoimmune hemolytic anemia.  相似文献   

18.
Abstract: True thrombocytopenia is uncommon in cats; however, low platelet counts frequently are found using automated cell counters. Although this discrepancy is a well known problem, the prevalence of low automated platelet counts in feline blood samples has not been documented. We retrospectively compared the prevalence of low automated platelet counts with low blood smear-estimated platelet counts in feline blood samples. Results of blood sample analysis from 359 cats during a 1-year period at the University of Glasgow Veterinary Haematology Laboratory were examined. Smear estimates of platelet number were done in those cases in which records did not indicate adequate platelet numbers. Platelet counts obtained with an impedance counter (Minos Vet, Abx Hematologie) were <200×109 cells/L in 256 samples (71%) and <50×109 cells/L in 43 samples (12%). However, based on estimation of platelet numbers from blood smears, only 11 samples (3.1%) had platelet counts of <200×109 cells/L and 9 samples (2.5%) had counts of <50×109 cells/L. Four cats with thrombocytopenia estimated by blood smear evaluation had clinical signs of a bleeding disorder. Disorders associated with thrombocytopenia included neoplasia, cytotoxic chemotherapy, and infectious diseases. There was no evidence that delay due to mailing of samples was associated with lower automated platelet counts than would have been obtained on the day of sampling. The high prevalence of apparent thrombocytopenia in automated platelet counts was attributed to a combination of platelet aggregation and the impedance method of cell differentiation by size. Vigilance and careful examination of blood smears is required to identify the few cats with true thrombocytopenia.  相似文献   

19.
Feline chronic progressive polyarthritis   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
Twenty cats with a chronic progressive polyarthritis were studied. The disorder occurred exclusively in male cats, and all but six of the cats were between 1.5 and 5.0 years of age. There were two forms of the disease as determined by radiographic changes: joint instability and deformity, and clinical course. The most prevalent form of the disease was characterized by osteopenia and periosteal new bone formation surrounding affected joints. Marginal periarticular erosions and collapse of the joint spaces with fibrous ankylosis occurred with time, but joint instability and deformities were not seen. The second form of the disease was characterized by severe subchondral marginal erosions, joint instability, and deformities. The periosteal proliferative form resembled Reiter's arthritis of man, and the deforming type resembled human rheumatoid arthritis. The disease began as tenosynovitis and synovitis, with subsequent changes in the articular cartilage and periosteal bone. Histopathologic changes in these cats were similar to those occurring in both chronic Reiter's and rheumatoid arthritis of man. Chronic progressive polyarthritis of cats was not caused by identifiable bacteria or mycoplasma, but was etiologically linked to feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline syncytia-forming virus (FeSFV) infections. The FeSFV was isolated from the blood or was detected by a serologic test in all of the cats with the disease, whereas FeLV was isolated or identified by immunofluorescence technique in 60% of the cats. The arthritis could not be reproduced by inoculation of cell-free cynovial tissue from diseased cats or with tissue culture fluid containing FeSFV and FeLV isolates. It was postulated that arthritis was an uncommon manifestation of FeSFV infection that occurred in predisposed male cats. Feline leukemia virus may not have been directly involved in the disease, but may have acted in some way to potentiate the pathogenic effects of FeSFV.  相似文献   

20.
In cats, primary or secondary immune-mediated thrombocytopenia have rarely been described or characterised. The objective of this study was to determine platelet-bound antibodies (PBA) by a flow cytometric assay in both healthy and thrombocytopenic cats. Direct PBA testing was performed in 42 thrombocytopenic cats (platelet counts 6-179 x 10(9)/l, median 56 x 10(9)/l). Of these 42 cats, 19 had positive PBA test results, 17 of which were considered to have secondary immune-mediated thrombocytopenia (sITP). Underlying diseases included fat necroses (four cases), feline infectious peritonitis (three), feline leukaemia virus (two) or feline immunodeficiency virus (two) infections, lymphoma (two), leukaemia (one), hepatitis (one), pyelonephritis (one), or hyperthyroidism (one). In two cats, no underlying disease was found suggesting a primary immune-mediated thrombocytopenia (pITP). The PBA test was negative in 23 cats diagnosed with varying underlying diseases and in 47 healthy control cats with platelet values within the reference range. Only seven of the 42 cats with thrombocytopenia (platelet count 10-57 x 10(9)/l, median 34 x 10(9)/l) had spontaneous bleeding. This study suggests that immune-mediated destruction of platelets might be an important pathological mechanism for feline thrombocytopenia caused by various underlying diseases. In cats, pITP appears to be rarely diagnosed.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号