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1.
中国橡胶树疫霉种的研究 总被引：5，自引：5，他引：5
1982—1988年从海南省10个县21个植胶场和云南省西双版纳、德宏州4个县9个植胶场采集橡胶树地上部的各种疫霉病害的样本,通过分离、提纯,共获得172株疫霉分离菌。经鉴定有以下5种疫霉:柑桔褐腐疫霉(Phytophthora citrophthora)、辣椒疫霉(P.capsici)、密氏疫霉(P.meadii)、寄生疫霉(P.parasitica)和棕榈疫霉(P.palmivora)。其中 P.citrophthora 有91株,占52.8%。其它4种疫霉顺次为45侏,占26.2%,19株,占11.1%,14株,占8.1%;3株,占1.8%。本文对这5种疫霉分别作了种的描述,其中密氏疫霉和寄生疫霉在中国橡胶树上是首次报道。 相似文献
2.
1988～1990年,从海南和湛江地区发生柑桔脚腐病的11个柑桔园中采集了大量的病组织和病株基部的土壤样品,经分离共获得48个疫霉分离菌,根据孢子囊形态、脱落性,卵孢子产生情况,最高生长温度和淀粉利用能力等将其鉴定为寄生疫霉(Phytophthora parasiticaDast)、柑桔褐腐疫霉(P.citrophthora R.E.& E.H.Smith)和辣椒疫霉(P.capsiciLeonian)。这3种疫霉均是柑桔树的致病菌,其中寄生疫霉和柑桔褐腐疫霉的出菌率较高,是这两个地区柑桔脚腐病的主要致病菌,而 P.capsici 在中国柑桔园中发生是首次发现。交配型中以 P.parasitica 的 A1交配型占绝对优势。 相似文献
3.
芦荟疫病疫霉种的鉴定 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
１９９７年１０月和１９９８年９月在海南儋州市海南省种苗组培中心芦荟苗圃和华南热带农业大学农学院花圃发现芦荟疫病,感病芦荟叶片病斑初呈水渍状,暗绿色腐烂。从病组织上分离到１０个疫霉分离菌。根据孢子囊形态、孢子囊梗脱落性、厚垣孢子有无、藏卵器形态、雄器着生方式、菌落形态,最低、最高生长温度,将其鉴定为烟草疫霉（寄生疫霉） Ｐｈｙｔｏｐｈｔｈｏｒａ ｎｉｃｏ－ｔｉａｎａｅ Ｖａｎ Ｂｒｅｄａ ｄｅ Ｈａａｎ．（Ｐ．ｐａｒａｓｉｔｉｃａ）。这１０个分离苗中存在Ａ１,Ａ２和Ａ１,Ａ２三种交配型。 相似文献
4.
广州地区观赏植物疫霉种的鉴定及交配型研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近年广州地区观赏植物疫病发生普遍。１９８７￣１９９２年，从九重葛，长春花，忍冬，白兰、五彩椒，米兰及云南黄素馨等观赏植物上分离获得３９个疫霉菌株，根据孢子囊形态，脱落性，有性器官的形成，生长温度及致病性等，将其鉴定为寄生疫霉、辣椒疫霉和棕榈疫霉。对这３种疫霉分别作了种的描述，试验结果表明，甲霜灵和甲霜灵锰锌防病效果比较显。 相似文献
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6.
对2008～2009年从黑龙江北部、东部、中部、南部等大豆产区采集的典型大豆疫霉根腐病株和病土进行分离纯化,得到64个大豆疫霉菌株;用国际上通用的一套鉴别寄主进行毒力测定,将病原菌划分为10个毒力类型,在不同来源的发病样本范围内明确了不同菌株的毒力类型和分布.用下胚轴创伤接种方法鉴定了73个大豆品种对不同大豆疫霉根腐病菌菌株的抗性反应,结果有29个品种抗4个以上大豆疫霉根腐病菌株,占鉴定总数的39.7%;在被鉴定的新品系中抗性表现最好的是07-1-1,它对1、3、11、21、24分离物均表现为抗病. 相似文献
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8.
中国胡椒疫霉种及交配型的研究 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
1982—1990年,从海南、云南、广东省13个县(市)的60多个发生胡椒瘟病的胡椒园采集大量带菌材料的样本,经分离获得65个疫霉菌株,并鉴定为寄生疫霉(Phytophthara parasitica Dast.)和竦淑疫霉(P.capsici Leon.)两个种。这是国内首次报道。在65个菌株中,寄生疫霉为34株,辣椒疫霉为31株,两者的比例接近1:1。这两个种对中国主要胡椒植区的胡椒瘟病具有同等的重要性。所有菌株的支配型中,两个种都以A~2占大多数,而且都存在个别同宗配合和中性菌株。 相似文献
9.
海南岛菠萝疫霉种及交配型的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从海南岛的菠萝植区发生根腐病或心腐病的菠萝上收集大量病组织样本,经纯化获得40个疫霉分离菌株,全部鉴定为寄生疫霉(Phytophthora parasitica Dast.)一个种。所有菌株均为A~2交配型。 相似文献
10.
抗大豆花叶病毒而感大豆疫霉根腐病亲本东农93-046与感大豆花叶病毒耐大豆疫霉根腐病亲本Conrad及其杂交所得的160个F5RIL群体分别接种SMV N.、SMV N,株系及从佳木斯田间分离得到的疫霉根腐病混合菌种,结果表明:东农93-046对花叶病毒表现为抗病而对疫霉根腐病表现为感病,Conrad则相对应的表现为感病和耐病;RIL群体中对花叶病毒SMV NI、SMV N,的抗感表现都按1:1分离(X2=0.64*,X2=0.43*),疫霉根腐病病害损失率基本符合正态分布(skew=0.93,kurtosis=0.86).利用SSR分子标记技术对该群体进行花叶病毒病抗性基因定位和疫霉根腐病的耐性QTL分析,分别将花叶病毒抗性基因RNl、RN3定位于F连锁群,其与Satt114的距离分别为5.2 cM和4.9 cM,同时在该连锁群检测到一个与疫霉根腐病耐病性相关的QTL即QPR_1,其与Satt252的距离为4.5 cM,在Dlb w连锁群上检测到两个与疫霉根腐病耐病性相关的QTL即是QPB_2、QPR_3,其与Satt428(satt579)、Satt274的距离分别为1.05 cM,2.00 cM. 相似文献
11.
2006～2008年在黑龙江省和吉林省共分离获得99株马铃薯晚疫病菌,并测定了这些菌株的交配型、瑞毒霉敏感性、同工酶基因型和mtDNA单倍型。交配型测定结果显示在吉林省和黑龙江省分离的所有菌株均为A1交配型。瑞毒霉敏感性测定结果显示敏感性菌株占14.1%,中抗菌株占7.1%,抗性菌株占78.8%,表明吉林省和黑龙江省发生的晚疫病菌已对瑞毒霉产生抗药性。黑龙江省和吉林省分离的所有菌株中发现了两种mt DNA单倍型(Ⅰa和Ⅱa)。其中,Ⅰa单倍型占11.1%,Ⅱa单倍型占88.9%。根据Gpi和Pep图谱,本试验发现了3种同工酶基因型,其中优势同工酶基因型是Gpi:100/100,Pep:100/100。根据菌株的交配型、同工酶基因型和mtDNA单倍型,共发现4种基因型,其中,multi-locus基因型A(84.9%)是黑龙江省和吉林省发现的优势基因型,但也出现了新的基因型分化。 相似文献
12.
Jadwiga Śliwka Sylwester Sobkowiak Renata Lebecka Jose Avendaño-Córcoles Ewa Zimnoch-Guzowska 《Potato Research》2006,49(3):155-166
A total of 93 single-lesion isolates of Phytophthora infestans were collected from late blight diseased potatoes grown in several locations in Poland, in the years 2002–2004. They were
tested for mating type, virulence, aggressiveness and metalaxyl resistance. Sixty one percent of the isolates was of the A1
and 39% of the A2 mating type. Regarding virulence, complex races predominated. Most of the isolates were highly and moderately
aggressive. Among isolates, tested together with 38 previously collected (1995–2001) ones, 14.5% was metalaxyl resistant,
3.5% intermediately resistant and 82.0% of the isolates was sensitive to metalaxyl. In addition, 14 isolates tested with three
simple sequence repeat markers showed high genetic diversity. These data indicate that Polish population of P. infestans is diverse and aggressive, with potential for sexual recombination and spreading of fungicide insensitivity. 相似文献
13.
利用RAPD对中国热带地区疫霉菌分类的初步研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以来自中国热带地区的2个疫霉种(柑桔褐腐疫霉P.citrophthora和芋疫霉P.colocasiae)16个菌株的菌丝体的总DNA为模板,使用5种随机引物进行PCR扩增,获得随机扩增多态性DNA(RAP- D),分析与各菌株相对应的RAPD的相似性。结果表明,RAPD 不但能辨别这2个疫霉种间的差异,而且可以辨别种内的分类单元。初步肯定了RAPD可以用于中国热带地区疫霉菌的分类鉴定 相似文献
14.
Summary One hundred and four isolates ofPhytophthora infestans were collected during 1990–93 from different potato growing regions of India. They were paired with mating type A1 ofP. capsici to determine their mating type. All isolates from the Indo-Gangetic plains and Assam were the A1 mating type, whereas a mixed
population of A1 and A2 types occurred at Shillong, Darjeeling and Shimla hills. The frequency of A2 isolates was 5–30% in
the Shimla hills and 60% and 58% respectively in the Shillong and Darjeeling hills. 相似文献
15.
Kenneth L. Deahl Frances M. Perez Jonathan M. Thompson Caoimhe Fleming-Archibald Stephen Thompson Rosemary Collier Steven Kildea Louise R. Cooke 《Potato Research》2009,52(4):341-354
Potato production on the island of Jersey, in the English Channel, is dominated by Jersey Royal, a selection of the early
cultivar International Kidney. Jersey Royal is very susceptible to Phytophthora infestans, the cause of potato late blight, and Jersey’s climate is frequently conducive to infection. During 2004–2006, isolates of
P. infestans were obtained from Jersey Royal plant samples from 41 different sites (24 crops, one infected tuber, 16 volunteers) and from
five outdoor tomato crops and characterised by mating type, mtDNA haplotype, Gpi and Pep allozyme genotype, metalaxyl resistance and RG57 fingerprint. A subset of 17 isolates was additionally characterised by simple
sequence repeat (SSR). All but one isolate from potato belonged to a single A1 multilocus genotype or a variant. The five
isolates from tomato represented three distinct genotypes, none of which was found on potato and included one which was A2
mating type. The populations of P. infestans on potato and tomato in Jersey appear distinct, with that on potato being highly clonal. 相似文献
16.
大豆疫霉菌遗传多样性的RAPD分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
利用随机扩增DNA (RAPD)技术分析了15个大豆疫霉菌( Phytophthora sojae)的遗传多样性,并同其它7 个疫霉种的8个菌株进行了比较。运用筛选出的12个引物共获得152个RAPD标记,其中84. 2%具有多态性。通 过聚类分析结果表明,疫霉属种间的遗传相似系数的变化幅度为0. 533～0. 783,大豆疫霉菌与其它几种疫霉的遗 传距离相对较远,用引物OPB06扩增到P. sojae种特有的一个RAPD标记; P. sojae种内菌株间遗传相似系数的变化 幅度为0. 855～0. 967,亦存在较丰富的遗传多样性,该遗传多样性与菌株毒力之间有一定相关性,而与菌株地理来 源没有相关性。 相似文献
17.
The distribution of A1 and A2 mating types, and of metalaxyl-sensitive (MS), metalaxyl-intermediate (MI), and metalaxyl-resistant (MR) strains ofPhytophthora infestans, the causal pathogen of late blight, were determined in Canada in 1997. Potato plants or tubers and tomato plants or fruits, suspected to have late blight infection, were received from seven Canadian provinces in 1997, and were assessed for the presence ofP. infestans. Among 220 samples suspected to have late blight,P. infestans was recovered from 132 samples (60%) received from British Columbia (BC), Manitoba, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and Quebec. From the 132 samples, 364 isolates were obtained and tested for their mating type and response to metalaxyl. Populations ofP. infestans within Canadian provinces were homogeneous for mating types, except within BC, where populations comprised both A1 and A2 mating types both within fields and sometimes within samples. The A2 mating type was found in all provinces where late blight was present. The A1 mating type was found only in Manitoba (1 isolate) and in BC (38 isolates). Unlike the old A1 isolates, those found in BC in 1997 were highly resistant to metalaxyl. These A1 isolates are even more resistant than A2 isolates. Based on assays with 10 ug.ml?1 of metalaxyl, 14% of all tested isolates were MS, 69.8% were MI and 16.2% were MR. In addition, all provinces contained MS, MI, and MR isolates. No specific mating type or metalaxyl sensitivity level were specific to tomato or potato. 相似文献
18.
Summary Of 250 isolates ofPhytophthora infestans obtained from Northern Ireland potato crops between 1981 and 1993, only six proved to be of the A2 mating type, the remainder
being A1. The first A2 isolate was obtained from a tuber in 1987. The frequency of A2 isolates from 1987 onwards was 3%, a
lower incidence than has been reported for England and Wales and the Republic of Ireland. There was no association between
phenylamide resistance and mating type. 相似文献