共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
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我国制藤工业发达、工艺精良,藤产品出口约占国际市场份额20%.然而国内棕榈藤资源匮乏,极大制约了制藤工业和出口贸易的发展.近年来,为了摆脱资源危机的被动局面,加快了棕榈藤资源人工培育的步伐(许煌灿等,2001).单叶省藤(Calamus simplicifolius)是中国特有棕榈藤种之一,藤茎具良好工艺特性,是藤编家具及工艺品的优良材料,是华南地区推广栽培的首选藤种(江泽慧,2002;曾炳山等,2003).良种先行是发展棕榈藤人工林的首要步骤,而通过组培快繁苗木则是良种先行的重要途径.然而与其他林木相比,国内外对棕榈藤的研究较迟(许煌灿等,1994;Dransfield,2002),迄今为止还没有关于棕榈藤家系选优的研究报道.最近,国内学者对单叶省藤组培苗造林开始了初步研究,为良种选育提供了一定的借鉴(曾炳山等,2003).然而该研究材料来源于幼龄林,对于组培苗造林后期的生长性状缺乏必要的分析.因此,利用长期观测的固定标准地材料,对单叶省藤组培家系的生长特性进行分析,从而为组培家系的选优提供依据,是一项十分有意义的工作. 相似文献
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棕榈藤是热带森林中兼具经济、生态价值的一类攀援植物，水分是棕榈藤分布和生长的重要限制因子，系统总结水分对棕榈藤分布和生长的影响对棕榈藤培育具有指导意义。文章综述了水分对棕榈藤分布和生长影响方面的研究进展，重点概述了棕榈藤幼苗阶段和萌蘖阶段应对水分变化的响应、水分和光照的交互作用对棕榈藤生长的影响，以及不同藤种对水分需求的差异等方面的研究成果，并从棕榈藤抗性生理和分子机制、影响棕榈藤生长的水分及其他生态因子耦合作用、棕榈藤高效育苗体系和不同区域棕榈藤地理分异规律等4个方面提出了今后的研究重点，以期为解决棕榈藤高效培育中存在的瓶颈问题提供参考。 相似文献
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棕榈藤是热带和南亚热带地区重要的非木材产品,用途广泛,可编织、食用、作家具,特别是藤家具在国际市场上很受欢迎,但藤工业所需的原材料正面临着短缺的危险。至今藤家具工业的用藤主要来自于天然棕榈藤资源,由于过度采收和热带森林的破坏,天然棕榈藤资源日益锐减,使棕榈藤生物多样性受到严重侵蚀并威胁到棕榈藤家具工业。文中提出棕榈藤引种驯化对天然棕榈藤资源的保护和藤家具工业的发展具有重要意义,并分别介绍了印度尼西亚、马来西亚、菲律宾、印度、孟加拉国、斯里兰卡和中国等主要产藤国和其它一些国家的棕榈藤引种驯化历史,最后阐述了棕榈藤引种驯化在保护棕榈藤资源和发展棕榈藤家具工业中的作用。 相似文献
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从2000年开始,保亭县利用天然次生林资源,以形成棕榈藤区域经济为目标,大力发展棕榈藤的种植产业。随着人工种植棕榈藤产业的不断发展壮大,棕榈藤栽培、抚育管理、采收等成熟技术及适地适树原则的矛盾日益突出。通过对保亭县人工种植棕榈藤生长情况调查,旨在掌握和了解保亭县这几年人工种植棕榈藤的生长和管理情况,为今后保亭县棕榈藤产业的发展提供科学依据。 相似文献
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近年来,海南野生藤资源过度开发利用,优良棕榈藤种日益濒危。为了保护和发展海南优良棕榈藤资源,海南省林科所于2002~2006年期间对适于海南种植的三种优良棕榈藤—黄藤、白藤、厘藤的栽培技术进行系统研究,先后培育出50万株优良藤苗。现详细介绍这三种优良棕榈藤的采种、育苗及苗圃管理技术,以供参考。 相似文献
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扦插繁殖是保持园林植物优良性状的重要繁殖方法之一,为研究浙江红山茶在黄山地区高效扦插繁殖的基质,采用随机区组设计的方法,选用黄心土、河沙、蛭石与珍珠岩混合物等为三种不同扦插基质,研究不同基质对浙江红山茶扦插成活率、生根性状和生物量组成的影响。结果表明：不同基质对扦插成活率有一定影响,但差异不显著,对根条数、根长及根重也有影响,以蛭石混合基质上根条数最多,而河沙上根的平均长度最大,黄心土上根重最大,因而不同基质对生根的影响各有不同,从生物量分配来看,以黄心土上的根茎比最大,综合来看,在黄山地区黄心土是较为合适的扦插基质。 相似文献
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台州绿心区城市森林生态系统服务价值评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以台州绿心区城市森林为研究对象,对其涵养水源、保持土壤、固碳制氧、净化空气、杀菌作用、阻滞粉尘、降低噪音等生态系统服务价值进行了初步估算。结果表明:该地区城市森林生态系统涵养水源价值为298万元/a,固碳价值为2 490万元/a,制氧价值为2 730万元/a,水土保持价值为1 320万/a,减少SO2价值为43万元/a,阻滞粉尘价值为1 790万元/a,杀菌价值为5 050万元/a,降低噪音价值为6 010万元/a,台州绿心区城市森林生态系统服务价值总值约为1.97亿元/a。 相似文献
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环境因子对浙江省重点公益林生物量的影响研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用在浙江省200万hm2重点公益林范围内取得的854个典型样地的调查资料,分析比较了不同地貌、坡度、坡向、坡位、土层厚度等条件下样地的生物量及其组成,结合林龄、立木数等指标,研究了环境因子对浙江省重点公益林生物量的影响,结果表明,(1)重点公益林现存生物量与地貌、坡向、坡位、坡度等地理特征密切相关,往往与平均生长量呈负相关。现存生物量随着地势的下降而下降,即中山>低山>丘陵;从坡向分析,西北向的平均生物量最大,南坡、东南和西南次之;从坡度看,以陡坡最高,急坡、斜坡次之,缓坡和险坡最低;从坡位分析,以上坡最高,中坡和山脊次之,下坡最低。(2)土层厚度是影响林地生物量的重要因素,随着土层厚度的加深,林地生物量迅速增加。年均生物量生长也与立地状况密切相关。年均生物量以丘陵最高,低山次之,中山最低;各坡向年均生物量由高到低依次为南、西南、东南、西北、东北、西、东、北;从下坡、中坡、上坡至山脊也呈逐渐下降趋势。 相似文献
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不同林龄光皮桦生物量分布初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对3个不同年龄的光皮桦生物量分布规律的研究结果表明:在2～4年内,光皮桦单株生物量随年龄的增大而迅速增大,表现出良好的速生性,4年生时单株生物量是3年生的238.0%,是2年生生物量的363.4%。从单株生物量的组成来看,干所占比例随年龄增大而增大,从2年生时的45.8%,增加到3年生时的56.4%和4年生的58.2%,枝、叶所占比例则随年龄增加而下降,其中枝的比例从2年生时的26.7%下降到3年生时的20.5%和4年生时的21.6%,叶的比例从2年生时的3.6%下降到3年生时的2.3%和4年生时的2.2%。而不同年龄根系的生物量均表现为主根>侧根>细根。随着林龄的增加,光皮桦单株根冠比在下降,即从2年生时的0.31下降到4年生时的0.22。 相似文献
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We investigated effects of rehydration and time of sampling on solute accumulation in plants of two greenhouse-grown Populus deltoides Bartr. clones (Ohio Red and Platte) subjected to multiple cycles of water stress. Osmotic potential of leaves at full turgor was measured at predawn on well-watered (control) and water-stressed (conditioned) plants that had been rewatered the previous afternoon. Water-soluble organic solutes (carbohydrates, phenolic glucosides and organic acids) were determined at both predawn and midday, before and after rewatering. Conditioning resulted in solute accumulation; however, rewatering of conditioned plants decreased the predawn concentration of glucose by 19-35% and the total solute concentration by 14-15%, relative to values before rewatering. There was a 52% increase in salicin concentration in response to rewatering in conditioned plants of the Platte clone. In conditioned plants of both clones, the concentration of glucose was generally lower at midday than at predawn (16-47%), whereas the concentration of sucrose was higher at midday than at predawn (46-133%). Time of sampling was an important factor in determining whether conditioning resulted in accumulation of glucose and fructose. Compared with control plants, there was a significant accumulation of glucose and fructose at predawn and either no accumulation or a significant reduction of these solutes at midday both before and after rewatering of conditioned plants. Sampling time also affected the amount of solute that accumulated in response to conditioning. 相似文献
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为明确温度对麻疯树柄细蛾Stomphastis thraustica Meyrick生长发育和繁殖的影响,研究了不同温度下(19～37℃)麻疯树柄细蛾各虫态生长发育、存活和繁殖等生物学特性。结果表明:在19～34℃范围内,各虫态的发育历期随温度的升高而缩短。37℃时,卵不能孵化。在25℃下雌虫和雄虫平均寿命最长,分别为5.94 d和5.22 d。在25～34℃范围内,温度对雌虫产卵量无显著影响,但平均产卵量(44.4粒/雌)明显高于低温区19～22℃的平均产卵量(16.9粒/雌)。卵、幼虫、蛹和世代的发育起点温度分别为8.391,6.312,8.014,8.874℃,世代有效积温为294.183日度。 相似文献
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Influence of temperature and steam environment on set recovery of compressive deformation of wood 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
Low-density hybrid poplar wood (Populus deltoides?×?Populus trichocarpa) was densified by mechanical compression under saturated steam, superheated steam, and transient conditions at temperature levels of 150, 160, and 170°C. Furthermore, compression of wood under saturated steam conditions at 170°C, followed by post-heat-treatment at 200°C for 1, 2, and 3?min, was performed. To determine the influence of compression treatment on the set recovery, specimens were subjected to five cycles of water soaking and drying. Modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) of specimens compressed under saturated steam conditions at 170°C and post-heat-treated at 200°C were determined in the dry condition and after five soak/dry cycles. Higher temperature of the compression treatment resulted in lower equilibrium moisture content, while the steam conditions during the treatment and the post-heat-treatment did not have significant effect. Furthermore, the highest degree of densification was obtained in specimens compressed under saturated steam conditions at 170°C and post-heat-treated at 200°C. The steam condition and temperature influenced the set recovery of compressive deformation. Reduced hygroscopicity does not necessarily imply reduced set recovery. The results established that considerable fixation of compressive deformation can be obtained by compressing the wood in a saturated steam environment and by post-heat-treatment at 200°C. The short heat-treatment had no influence on MOR or MOE, but soaking/drying treatments caused a decrease in the MOR and MOE. 相似文献
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The dormancy and vigor of Picea abies seeds were studied after five months of storage at 25 and 75% relative humidity (RH) and 5 and 12 °C. Dormancy was evaluated by studying germination response to light and moist chilling at 12 and 21 °C. Dormancy causing germination reduction in the dark was induced in seeds during storage at 25% RH (5–6% moisture content, MC) in darkness. The dormancy was greater when seeds were germinated at 12 than at 21 °C and after storage at 12 than at 5 °C. The effective dormancy relief by light indicates that germination was under phytochrome control. Moist chilling could partly replace light. According to accelerated aging and leachate conductivity tests, dry seeds could be stored at 12 °C for five months without affecting their vigor. After storage at 75% RH (11% MC) and 5 °C, the seeds germinated slowly and incompletely. The decreased germination response to light indicates that other processes than those mediated directly by phytochrome restricted germination of these seeds. The positive germination response to moist chilling suggested that secondary dormancy was induced in the seeds. However, vigor tests gave some evidence of simultaneous decrease of vigor. Storage at 75% RH and 12 °C decreased germination nearly to 0%. Germination of seeds stored at 75% RH could be stimulated by a short accelerated aging period. 相似文献