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The geoduck clam, Panopea abrupta, is an economically important species and mainly cultured in the Southern Puget Sound of Washington State. There are no examples of intertidal geoduck aquaculture in Neah Bay. Since 2011, the Makah Fisheries Management （MFM） has started a pilot project supported by the United States Department of Agriculture Rural Business Enterprise Grant （USDA-RBEG）. The MFM aquaculture practice and results showed that the Neah Bay beaches are feasible for intertidal geoduck aquaculture, and have the proper conditions to produce high quality geoduck clams. As compared to finfish culture, there is little environmental concern for geoduck aquaculture due to the natural seawater fluctuation （no artificial feeding） and the intertidal nature （no genetic mixing）. This advantage provides the opportunity for community members of all backgrounds to partake in the aquaculture process, with low investment costs for establishing a family-based geoduck farming business. Overall, the high market value and the economic potential make geoduck aquaculture an ideal candidate in development of remote and rural areas along the Washington coast. 相似文献
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Maria da Penha Piccolo Ramos Francisca Carvalho Nascimento Neta Claudia Lficia de Oliveira Pinto Luciana Oliveira de Farifia 《农业科学与技术》2013,(11):920-926
In Brazil, milk production is a key sector for income generation, tax collection and much of the milk produced comes from family farms. The present study was aimed to assess the conditions of milk production on 30 farms in the city of S~ Mateus, to the North of the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil. Data were obtained through questionnaires sent to producers according to the legislation of the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture. The questions included type of milking, hygiene practices and health status of milkers, mastitis control and source and others. Milking was manually done in all farms, and only 40,0% of milkers washed their hands and forearms before milking, and 13.0% used antiseptic solutions after washing. None of the farms performed the pre-dipping and post-dipping procedures. Control of mastitis was not performed in 94.0% of the farms and none of them performed the CMT test. A high degree of non-conformity was observed in the family farms. These data demonstrate the need for training farmers in good agricultural practices. This would contribute to achieving better quality milk, and ensure the sustainability of the segment in the Northern region of the state of Espirito Santo, Brazil. 相似文献
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为研究3种不同藻类对池蝶蚌幼蚌的摄食率和生长的影响,进行了普通小球藻、斜生栅藻、舟形藻为影响因素,以养殖产量和相对（体重）生长率为评价指标的正交试验。结果表明：池蝶蚌幼蚌的摄食量在5 h内随着藻类浓度的增加而增加,实验组3、7、9的摄食量明显高于其他实验组;相对生长率（壳长、壳高、壳宽和蚌重）、绝对生长率和养殖产量在9组实验中均变化明显;在试验所设定的水平范围内,舟形藻对养殖产量和相对（体重）生长率影响最大,3种藻类的最佳水平组合是：普通小球藻为250个/mL,斜生栅藻为2.5×104个/mL,舟形藻2.5×104个/mL。 相似文献
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[目的]选择适合干旱、半干旱地区栽培的菜豆品种。[方法]在我国水方典型的旱作农业区阳曲县进行7个菜豆品种的旱作栽培试验。[结果]特优特架豆、超级无筋与新欣一尺青圆龙植株较为粗壮;爱丰、精选架豆王、超长四季豆生长速度较快;爱丰功能叶的蒸腾速率最低。天马95-33架豆王产量显著高于其他品种,单产达36.33t/hm2,为爱丰产量的1.39倍、新欣一尺青圆龙产量的1.9倍;爱丰单产次之,为26.07t/hm2,是新欣一尺青圆龙产量的1.37倍。[结论]天马95-33架豆王与爱丰产量较高,蛋白质含量较高,适于在试验区及周边地区进行推广栽培。 相似文献
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【目的】探讨喷施多胺及其合成抑制剂甲基乙二醛双脒基腙(MGBG)对干旱胁迫杏苗生理指标的影响,为杏抗旱栽培提供参考依据。【方法】以金太阳杏1年生嫁接苗为试材,设处理1(对照,CK)、处理2[干旱(Drought, D.)胁迫]、处理3[(CK+亚精胺(Spermidine,Spd)]、处理4(D.+Spd)、处理5(D.+MGBG)和处理6(D.+MGBG+ Spd)共6个处理,每2 d处理1次,处理30 d后分别测定并分析各处理叶片丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性糖、游离脯氨酸(Pro)含量、叶绿素总含量及光合参数。【结果】干旱胁迫下,杏苗叶片MDA、可溶性糖和Pro含量增加,叶绿素总含量和光合参数均降低;喷施1.0 mmol/L Spd的杏苗叶片MDA含量、可溶性糖含量、Pro含量、叶绿素总含量及大部分光合参数提高;在干旱胁迫下喷施1.0 mmol/L Spd可使杏苗的MDA含量、可溶性糖含量、Pro含量、叶绿素总含量及大部分光合参数显著提高(P<0.05);在干旱胁迫下喷施1.0 mmol/L MGBG可促进杏苗叶片MDA含量、Pro含量、叶绿素总含量及大部分光合参数降低。【结论】喷施1.0 mmol/L Spd可增强金太阳杏苗对干旱胁迫环境的适应能力,可在杏规模化栽培中应用。 相似文献
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研究了影响山杏下胚轴再生的有关因素,首次获得了山杏下胚轴再生植株。结果表明,经15d的暗培养,山杏下胚轴切段在附加TDZ2mg/L+NAA0.5mg/L的改良MS培养基(1/2NH4NO3)上,愈伤组织诱导率(100%)和再生频率(37.5%)均最高,细胞分裂素用TDZ效果优于6-BA,再生获得的不定芽在改良MS+IBA0.2mg/L培养基上生根率为75.8%。 相似文献
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Soil water is strongly affected by land use/cover in the Loess Plateau in China. Water stored in thick loessal soils is one of the most important resources regulating vegetation growth. However, soil water in the deep loess proifle, which is critical for maintaining the function of the“soil water pool”is rarely studied because deep proifle soil samples are dififcult to collect. In this study, four experimental plots were established in 2005 to represent different farming systems on the Changwu Tableland：fallow land, fertilized cropland, unfertilized cropland, and continuous alfalfa. The soil water content in the 15-m-deep loess proifles was monitored continuously from 2007 to 2012 with the neutron probe technique. The results showed that temporal variations in soil water proifles differed among the four farming systems. Under fallow land, the soil water content increased gradually over time, ifrst in the surface layers and later in the deep soil layers. In contrast, the soil water content decreased gradually under continuous alfalfa. The distributions of soil water in deep soil layers under both fertilized and unfertilized cropland were relatively stable over time. Thus farming system signiifcantly affected soil water content. Seven years after the start of the experiment, the soil water contents in the 15-m-deep proifles averaged 23.4%under fallow land, 20.3%under fertilized cropland, 21.6%under unfertilized cropland, and 16.0%under continuous alfalfa. Compared to measurements at the start of the experiment, both fallow land and unfertilized cropland increased soil water storage in the 15-m loess proifles. In contrast, continuous alfalfa reduced soil water storage. Fertilized cropland has no signiifcant effect on soil water storage. These results suggest that deep soil water can be replenished under the fallow and unfertilized farming systems. Dry soil layers （i.e., those which have soil water content less than the stable ifeld water capacity） in the subsoil of the Changwu Tableland region can be classiifed as either temporary dry soil layers or persistent dry soil layers. Temporary dry soil layers, which typically form under annual crops, often disappear during wet years. Persistent dry soil layers generally develop under perennial vegetation. Even after removing the vegetation, persistent dry soil layers remain for several decades. This study provides information useful for the conservation and utilization of soil water resources in the Loess Tableland. 相似文献
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sunhaoyuan@yahoo.com。 《勤云标准版测试》2006,(5)
应用RAPD技术对西伯利亚杏(ArmeniacasibiricaL.)、普通杏(ArmeniacavulgarisL.)的葫芦杏、骆驼黄、大偏头、串枝红、山黄杏、北安河黄杏、青岛大红杏、早桔(Earlyorange)8个栽培品种,及重瓣杏(A.vulgarisL.var.MeixionensisZhang)、李光杏(A.vulgarisL.var.glabraS.X.Sun)2个变种和4个“大扁杏”的栽培品种龙王帽、一窝蜂、柏峪扁、优一进行了亲缘关系分析。研究结果支持了“大扁杏”系普通杏与西伯利亚杏的自然杂交种的观点。同时聚类分析结果还显示,“龙王帽”、“柏峪扁”和“一窝蜂”3个品种间有非常近的亲缘关系,而且与普通杏相比,“大扁杏”与西伯利亚杏有更近的亲缘关系。 相似文献
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Alfalfa （Medicago sativa L.） is an important forage crop in the world and it is of great signiifcance for the improvement of its salt tolerance. To improve salt tolerance in alfalfa, a rice ascorbate peroxidase gene （OsAPX2） was introduced into alfalfa using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation with marker gene bar. The different T-DNA insertions in T1 transgenic alfalfa were identiifed by Southern hybridization. Three independent T2 transgenic lines were selected for stress analysis and the results showed that all of them were salt tolerant compared with wild-type plants. The transgenic plants had low levels of H2O2, malondialdehyde and relative electrical conductivity under salt and drought stresses. Moreover, the contents of chlorophyll and proline, and APX activity were high in transgenic plants under salt and drought stresses. Taken together, the overexpression of OsAPX2 enhances salt tolerance in alfalfa through scavenging reactive oxygen species. 相似文献
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温度和磷交互作用对铜绿微囊藻和小球藻生长的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以铜绿微囊藻（Microcystis aeruginosa）和普通小球藻（Chlorella vulgaris）为实验对象,研究温度和磷的交互作用对2种藻类生长的影响。结果表明：低温（15℃）显著抑制铜绿微囊藻的生长,0～150mg/L磷浓度对于铜绿微囊藻抵抗低温环境没有显著的作用,而小球藻对于低温的适应能力明显高于铜绿微囊藻,0.5～25mg/L的磷浓度环境对于小球藻抵抗低温具有促进作用;高温（30℃）条件下铜绿微囊藻的生长状况良好,而小球藻受到不同程度的抑制作用,此时,适当地提高磷浓度对于小球藻适应高温环境具有积极的作用。 相似文献
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[目的]选育出适合我国南方生态气候条件种植的珍珠豆型高油酸花生新品种,为南方花生产区高油酸花生生产发展提供优良品种.[方法]将从美国引进的高油酸种质SunOleic 95R分别与我国珍珠豆型高产、抗病品种汕油162、粤油13和粤油45进行杂交,从杂交后代材料中筛选得到符合育种目标的高油酸品系,并进行区域试验和生产试验.[结果]选育的桂花37属珍珠豆型花生品种,油酸含量82.90%,亚油酸含量2.60%,油亚比(O/L)32.34,且高抗青枯病、抗叶斑病和锈病.在国家(南方片)花生区域试验和广西花生品种区域试验中,荚果产量分别为3670.35和3814.05 kg/ha,分别比对照品种(汕油523和桂花21)减产6.02%和2.26%;在广西北流生产试验中,平均荚果产量5570.70 kg/ha,与所有参试品种的平均产量(5550.36 kg/ha)相比,桂花37增产0.37%.2016年6月桂花37通过广西农作物品种审定委员会审定.[结论]选育的珍珠豆型花生新品种桂花37的油酸含量高且抗病性强,适合在我国南方花生产区推广种植. 相似文献
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[目的]研究生物炭与小球藻对水体中重金属单独及联合吸附特性。[方法]以小麦秸秆生物炭和小球藻为吸附剂,进行了不同添加量的生物炭对Pb的吸附等温试验,小球藻对Pb等温吸附试验,以及生物炭和小球藻联合吸附Pb的等温吸附试验。[结果]生物炭与小球藻对Pb的等温吸附曲线均符合Langmuir方程。当生物炭添加量为50 mg/L时,吸附量最大,为203.339 mg/g;小球藻添加量为500 mg/L时最大吸附量为67.851 mg/g;生物炭和小球藻联合吸附的最大吸附量为79.144 mg/g。[结论]生物炭联合小球藻用于吸附Pb的最大吸附量高于单独吸附。 相似文献
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[Objective] The historical evolution pattern of nitrogen （N）, phosphorus （P） and potassium （K） fertilizer application rate and its effects on lint cotton yield were explored to provide the theoretical basis for reasonable fertilizer management strate-gy in the cotton planting region of the Yangtze River Val ey. [Method] GGE biplot analysis method was adopted to analyze the correlation among N, P and K fertilizer application rate and lint cotton yield with the dataset of national cotton regional trials of the Yangtze River Val ey during 1991-2013. The linear and nonlinear regression analysis method was used to reveal the evolution of the fertilizer applying patterns, and analyze the effects of N, P, K application rates on cotton lint yield. [Result] The application rates of N, P and K fertilizer presented highly significant positive corre-lation with lint cotton yield, among which the potassium fertilizer was the strongest relative factor with lint cotton yield, fol owed by phosphorus fertilizer, while nitrogen fertilizer was the weakest factor. The application rate of nitrogen fertilizer was relat-ed with the test year in the pattern of a quadratic function, while phosphate and potassium had progressive increase linear relation with the test year in the cotton planting region of the Yangtze River Val ey. Meanwhile, cotton lint yield was in re-sponse to nitrogen fertilizer content increase with a quadratic parabola function, and increased with the applying phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer content with linearly increasing function. [Conclusion] The increasing application amount of N, P and K fertilizer was general y beneficial to cotton yield improvements, however, ex-orbitant applying nitrogen fertilizer was unfavorable for cotton production, and a reasonable mixture formula of N, P and K fertilizer was better in terms of cotton yield-increasing effect. 相似文献
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Indeewari Manawadu Nilanthi Dahanayake Senanayakage Gamini Nonis Senanayake 《农业科学与技术》2014,(3):219-223
Abstract： Raphunus sativus L. commonly known as ＂radish＂ is a popular vegetable crop used by people all over the world for its culinary and medicinal properties. Enhancement of in vitro regeneration system for radish variety beeralu is needed to further tissue culture studied. Therefore, the present study was carried out to find out the effects of different organic additives on in vitro shoot regeneration of Radish （Raphanus sativus L.） Var. Beeralu. Hypocotyl explants of aseptic plantlets were cultured on MS basal medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/L BAP （benzyl adenine） and 0.1 mg/L NAA （1-nphthaleneacetic acid） with different natural additives; 20% coconut water, 20% coconut milk, 10% grind spinach leaves, 10% grind potato tubers, 10% grind carrot, 5% rice flour, 10% green gram, 10% grind pumpkin, 10% banana fruit, 10% orange and control （without any additives）. Complete randomized design （CRD） with five replicates was used. After one month the numbers of regenerated shoots were counted and statistical analysis was carried out using the Student Newman-Kuells Means Separation Test of SAS program （9.1.3）. The highest mean number of shoots （12 shoots/explant） from Radish （Raphanus sativus L.） Var. Beeralu observed in MS basal medium with 2.5 mg/L BAP and 0.1 mg/L NAA with 10% orange juice whereas the 2nd highest shoots were obtained with 20% coconut water. The lowest number of shoots （0 shoot/explant） was observed from medium with carrot juice and pumpkin juice, but they induced callus formation. Media with grind spinach leaves, rice flour, green gram, grind potato tubers and banana inhibit the shoot regeneration. 相似文献
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水芹水浸提液对小球藻生长及抗氧化酶活性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]研究水芹水浸提液对小球藻生长及其抗氧化酶活性的影响。[方法]采用小球藻在不同浓度的水芹水浸提液中纯培养的方法,测定小球藻生长速率、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性、·O2-产生速率及丙二醛（MDA）含量的变化。[结果]10g/L水芹水浸提液处理下,SOD和POD活性逐步上升,至试验结束时都维持在较高的水平,·O2-产生速率和MDA含量与对照间无显著差异;20～50g/L水芹水浸提液处理,藻细胞的SOD、POD活性、·O2-产生速率及MDA含量均呈先升高后降低的趋势,并且有浓度效应。[结论]水芹水浸提液对小球藻具有化感效应。10g/L水芹水浸提液对小球藻的生长具有明显的促进效应,20～50g/L水芹水浸提液对小球藻有明显的克生作用。 相似文献
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CHANG Jian-zhong HAO Chen-yang CHANG Xiao-ping ZHANG Xue-yong JING Rui-lian 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2014,(7):1462-1468
Stress-associated protein （SAP） has functions in maintaining plant cell elongation, embryo development and response to abiotic stresses. TaSAP1-A1, one of the Triticum aestivum SAP1 （TaSAP1） members located on wheat chromosome 7A was isolated for polymorphism analysis. HaplII of TaSAP1-A1 was found significantly associated with thousand-grain weight （TGW） in multiple environments. In this study, HaplII also made a positive contribution to TGW in Population 2. The distribution of TaSAP1-A1 HapIII was tracked among varieties released in different years and geographical environments of China. The frequency of HapIII showed an increasing trend during the breeding process in two different populations. The ItapIII was gradually selected and applied from 6.36% in landraces to 13.50% in modem varieties. These results exhibited that TaSAP1-A1 HapIII was positively selected during wheat breeding, which is beneficial for grain-yield improvement. The preferred HapIIl was initially selected and applied in the higher latitude areas of China in accord with the long day season and longer grain filling stage in these areas. Moreover, the frequency of HaplII in recent modem varieties was still quite low （19.29-26.67%）. It indicated a high application potential of TaSAP1-A 1 HapIII for improving grain yield in wheat breeding. 相似文献
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对虾在不同的环境条件和养殖模式下具有不同的生长特性,这是进行对虾高效养殖管理的重要依据之一。为探明半集约化土池养殖模式下凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)的生长特性,2009年5～8月,在广东省电白县的滩涂土池半集约化养殖区,对两个半集约化养殖土池(P1、P2)的凡纳滨对虾的生长参数(全长、体长和体重)进行了养殖全过程的采样测量和数据分析。结果表明:(1)两个土池养殖的凡纳滨对虾的体长(L)与体重(W)均呈显著的幂函数关系,分别为(P1)W=0.016 L2.8935(R2=0.989,P<0.01)、(P2)W=0.0127 L3.0292(R2=0.9911,P<0.01);其生长拐点分别出现在第124 d和128 d;(2)对虾全长(QL)和体长呈明显的线性关系,分别为(P1)QL=0.8319 L+0.2577(R2=0.9997)、(P2)QL=0.8679 L-0.0434(R2=0.9977);(3)体长、体重的von Bertallanffy生长方程分别为(P1)Lt=17.6955(1-e-0.0095(t-12.2421))、Wt=65.2846(1-e-0.0095(t-12.2421))2.8935,(P2)Lt=16.8567(1-e-0.0104(t-21.1781))、Wt=66.0607(1-e-0.0104(t-21.1781))3.0292。 相似文献