共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
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灯光诱杀松墨天牛的效果及评价 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
三地两年的对比试验结果表明，４５０Ｗ的高压汞灯诱杀松墨天牛Ｍｏｎｏｃｈａｍｕｓ ａｌｔｅｒｎａｔｕｓ Ｈｏｐｅ效果明显优于２０Ｗ黑光灯，灯光引诱结果与松墨天牛自然羽出民政部基本一致，灯光诱集的松墨天雌雄成虫体上均可分离到松材线虫Ｂｕｒｓａｐｈｅｌｅｎｃｈｕｓ ｘｙｌｏｐｈｉｌｕｓ（Ｓｔｅｉｎｅｒ ｅｔ Ｂｕｈｒｅｒ）Ｎｉｃｋｌｅ。因此利用４５０Ｗ高夺汞灯监测松墨天牛及松材线虫种群有应用价值，有待进 相似文献
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三地两年的对比试验结果表明 ,45 0 W高压汞灯诱杀松墨天牛 Monochamus alter-natus Hope效果明显优于 2 0 W黑光灯 ,灯光引诱结果与松墨天牛自然羽出情况基本一致 ,灯光诱集的松墨天牛雌雄成虫体上均可分离到松材线虫 Bursaphelenchus xylophilus(Steiner et Buhrer) Nickle。因此利用 45 0 W高压汞灯监测松墨天牛及松材线虫种群有应用价值 ,有待进一步试验完善。但灯光引诱成本较高 ,安全性也不好 ,用于松墨天牛防治不宜提倡。 相似文献
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在马尾松纯林和混交林中分别设置诱捕器、黑光灯引诱松褐天牛成虫进行了试验,结果表明：发现黑光灯诱捕效果最好,诱捕器次之,纯林中诱捕天牛数要多于混交林,不同标准地之间诱捕天牛数差异明显。在分析成虫羽化规律的基础上,提出了相应的防控建议。 相似文献
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两种杨树天牛综合防治和监测技术研究及其应用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在深入研究光肩星天牛ＡｎｏｐｌｏｐｈｏｒａｇｌａｂｒｉｐｅｎｎｉｓＭｏｔｓｃｈｕｌｓｋｙ与桑天牛ＡｐｒｉｏｎａｇｅｒｍａｒｉＨｏｐｅ的生物学、生态学和总结前人研究的基础上，应用以林业措施为主、辅以其他防治手段的综合防治技术，将８００ｈｍ２试验示范区内两种天牛的虫株率持续控制在３％以下。研究和应用简便易行的监测方法对这两种天牛的成、幼虫种群动态进行监测，取得了良好的效果。 相似文献
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松墨天牛引诱剂诱捕效果对比试验初报 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
在松墨天牛成虫期，利用三种引诱剂开展诱捕试验。筛选结果以FL-MI-01引诱剂活性最强，效果较好，在天牛成虫羽化盛期，平均每个诱捕器可诱获逸出天牛成虫13．6头，诱获率达27％，平均降低下代卵量115．4粒，对监测松墨天牛种群和防治其危害具有重要作用。 相似文献
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【目的】梢斑螟是黑龙江省红松人工林的主要果梢害虫,研究了其成虫种群动态及未来种群变化趋势,为种群预测以及防治提供科学理论依据。【方法】在梢斑螟成虫发生期6月下旬—8月初,每天夜间19:00—23:00在红松林缘利用灯光诱捕梢斑螟成虫,结合幼虫鉴定种类,分析其种群动态。【结果】1)在牡丹江林口林业局的湖水、曙光和西北楞3个地点,诱捕到的种类均为赤松梢斑螟Dioryctria sylvestrella、冷杉梢斑螟D.abietella和微红梢斑螟D.rubella。2)在湖水,梢斑螟的种群数量最多,平均每天诱捕111.38头;西北楞其次,平均每天诱捕79.625头;曙光最少,平均每天诱捕69.63头。微红梢斑螟在3个地点均是优势种。3)在整个诱捕期间,冷杉梢斑螟和赤松梢斑螟成虫期为6月上旬—7月下旬,高峰期为6月下旬;微红梢斑螟成虫期为6月上旬—8月下旬,高峰期为6月下旬和7月中旬。4)3种梢斑螟都是在21:00—22:00诱捕的数量最多。5)3种梢斑螟的雌雄性比随着季节的推移波动较大,由开始的小于1,到接近于1,最终大于1,但总的性比接近1:1。【结论】梢斑螟的种群动态随时间和小生境的不同变化明显,6月下旬和7月中旬是其羽化高峰期,21:00—22:00是其最活跃时间。因此,对其防治应适时适地采取有效措施。 相似文献
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依据Harper的构件结构理论 ,从群落和个体两个水平上研究了筇竹无性系种群的生物量结构与动态。结果表明 :(1)筇竹无性系种群分株的生物量优化模型为 :W =344 .0 96 3D - 2 2 .6 0 12。(2 )筇竹无性系种群中各分株生物量在 1 5年生的分配为 31.94 %、37.0 1%、13.30 %、16 .2 4 %、1.5 1% ;生物量在各构件单位的分配为秆 4 2 .72 % ,枝 5 .82 % ,叶 6 .5 2 % ,根 6 .70 % ,鞭 2 7.13% ,篼11.11%。(3)筇竹无性系分株生物量在笋 -幼竹生长时期符合Logistic增长 ;叶生物量季节变化明显 ,其峰值出现在 10月份 ,最低值出现在 2月份 相似文献
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Chen J Falk M Euskirchen E U KT Suchanek TH Ustin SL Bond BJ Brosofske KD Phillips N Bi R 《Tree physiology》2002,22(2-3):169-177
We measured net carbon flux (F(CO2)) and net H2O flux (F(H2O)) by the eddy-covariance method at three Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco)-western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) sites located in the Wind River Valley of southern Washington State, USA. Stands were approximately 20, 40 and 450 years old and measurements were made between June 15 and October 15 of 1998 in the 40- and 450-year-old stands, and of 1999 in the 20- and 450-year-old stands. Our objectives were to determine if there were differences among the stands in: (1) patterns of daytime F(CO2) during summer and early autumn; (2) empirically modeled relationships between local climatic factors (e.g., light, vapor pressure deficit (VPD), soil water content, temperature and net radiation) and daytime F(CO2); and (3) water-use efficiency (WUE). We used the Landsberg equation, a logarithmic power function and linear regression to model relationships between F(CO2) and physical variables. Overall, given the same irradiance, F(CO2) was 1.0-3.9 mol m-2 s-1 higher (P < 0.0001 for both seasons) at the two young stands than at the old-growth stand. During summer and early autumn, F(CO2) averaged 4.2 and 6.1 mol m-2 s-1 at the 20- and 40-year-old stand, respectively. In contrast, the 450-year-old forest averaged 2.2 and 3.2 mol m-2 s-1 in 1998 and 1999, respectively. Increases in VPD were associated with reduced F(CO2) at all three stands, with the greatest apparent constraints occurring at the old-growth stand. Correlations between F(CO2) and all other environmental variables differed among ecosystems, with soil temperature showing a negative correlation and net radiation showing a positive correlation. In the old-growth stand, WUE was significantly greater (P < 0.0001) in the drier summer of 1998 (2.7 mg g-1) than in 1999 (1.0 mg g-1). Although we did not use replicates in our study, the results indicate that there are large differences in F(CO2) among Douglas-fir stands of different ages growing in the same general area, and that variations in age structure and site conditions need to be considered when scaling flux measurements from individual points to the landscape level. 相似文献
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The effects of management practices on energy, water and carbon exchanges were investigated in a young pine plantation in south-west France. In 2009-10, carbon dioxide (CO(2)), H(2)O and heat fluxes were monitored using the eddy covariance and sap flow techniques in a control plot (C) with a developed gorse layer, and an adjacent plot that was mechanically weeded and thinned (W). Despite large differences in the total leaf area index and canopy structure, the annual net radiation absorbed was only 4% lower in plot W. We showed that higher albedo in this plot was offset by lower emitted long-wave radiation. Annual evapotranspiration (ET) from plot W was 15% lower, due to lower rainfall interception and transpiration by the tree canopy, partly counterbalanced by the larger evaporation from both soil and regrowing weedy vegetation. The drainage belowground from plot W was larger by 113 mm annually. The seasonal variability of ET was driven by the dynamics of the soil and weed layers, which was more severely affected by drought in plot C. Conversely, the temporal changes in pine transpiration and stem diameter growth were synchronous between sites despite higher soil water content in the weeded plot. At the annual scale, both plots were carbon sinks, but thinning and weeding reduced the carbon uptake by 73%: annual carbon uptake was 243 and 65 g C m(-2) on plots C and W, respectively. Summer drought dramatically impacted the net ecosystem exchange: plot C became a carbon source as the gross primary production (GPP) severely decreased. However, plot W remained a carbon sink during drought, as a result of decreases in both GPP and ecosystem respiration (R(E)). In winter, both plots were carbon sources, plots C and W emitting 67.5 and 32.4 g C m(-2), respectively. Overall, this study highlighted the significant contribution of the gorse layer to mass and energy exchange in young pine plantations. 相似文献
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【目的】明确苹果不套袋栽培模式下梨小食心虫的发生动态、危害情况及性迷向素的防治效果,为不套袋苹果园中梨小食心虫的精准防控提供试验依据。【方法】通过性信息素诱芯监测烟台等3个地区不套袋栽培苹果园中梨小食心虫的发生动态,调查梨小食心虫蛀果率,分别研究在越冬代、第1代和第2代成虫羽化前期施放梨小食心虫性迷向素对梨小食心虫的防治效果。【结果】烟台、威海、泰安3个地区梨小食心虫成虫田间始发期为 3月中下旬至4月上旬,发生末期均为10月上旬,共出现5个高峰,7—9月为群体数量高峰期;3个地区不套袋苹果园中性信息素诱芯对梨小食心虫的全年诱捕数量为每诱芯213~1 837头,显著低于套袋苹果园(每诱芯729~ 3 715头)( P <0.05),而不套袋苹果园的梨小食心虫蛀果率为3.38%~6.13%,显著高于套袋苹果园(0.13%~0.50%)( P <0.05)。在不套袋苹果园中,性迷向素在梨小食心虫越冬代、第1代和第2代成虫羽化前期施放对梨小食心虫雄成虫交配行为均具有显著干扰效果,迷向率为87.28%~99.80%,不同时期施放处理间差异显著( P <0.05)。第5 代幼虫危害盛期(09-11—10-08)的蛀果率调查发现,性迷向素在第1代和第2代成虫羽化前期施放对梨小食心虫蛀果防治效果分别为92.89%和95.53%,显著高于越冬代羽化前施放(81.77%)( P <0.05)。【结论】烟台、威海、泰安3个地区梨小食心虫的发生动态趋势、成虫发蛾高峰期和持续时间在套袋和不套袋苹果园中差异不明显,但梨小食心虫在不套袋果园中的危害重于套袋果园。在不套袋栽培苹果园中使用性迷向素结合常规化学防治对梨小食心虫的防效显著高于单独常规药剂防治,其中在梨小食心虫第1代和第2代成虫羽化前期施放性迷向素对梨小食心虫的防治效果最佳。 相似文献
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为了提高森林水文研究过程中数据采集的精确性,应用现代测绘技术,包括水准测量、全站仪三维坐标测量、GNSS 卫星测量及测深仪的水深测量等,研究了广州南香山水库的库容变化规律,反演水库上游森林径流。研究结果表明：南香山一年内的降雨量分布出现类似双波浪形的变化,波峰出现在5月份和8月份,波谷出现在1月和10月;降雨量与库容增量存在线性关系,相关系数为0.9152;地表径流的大小主要与植被类型,土壤水分的饱和度及地形有密切关系。相比传统的测量方法,现代测绘技术更精确地反映了广州南香山地区森林水文的变化规律。 相似文献
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WU Tonggui YUAN Tao YU Mukui CHENG Xiangrong WANG Zongxing .Research Institute of Sub-tropical Forestry Chinese Academy of Forestry Fuyang P.R.China .Linyi Forestry Bureau Linyi P.R.China 《中国林业科技(英文版)》2010,(3):22-26
Wind velocity reduction of coastal shelterbelt system was monitored for 1 month in 3 weather stations in Nanhui,Shanghai,and the benefits of shelterbelt system and trunk shelterbelt forest were compared in this paper.The results showed the wind velocity at the first weather station(W1),which located in front of trunk shelterbelt forest by the seaside,was the biggest,with the average of 9.36 m/s;the wind velocity at the second weather station(W2) was lower than that at W1,with the range of 0 to 18.2 m/s and ... 相似文献