共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 375 毫秒
1.
白千层油生化类型的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对连续2 a以上未经砍伐的243株从澳大利亚引进的白千层枝叶进行精油含量和成分测定,结果表明澳洲白千层油有4-松油醇型、1,8-桉叶素型和4-松油醇-1,8-桉叶素混合型3种生化类型,同时也得到了白千层初选优株的依据.其中4-松油醇型初选依据为:小于1 cm的枝叶含油率大于1.60％,精油中4-松油醇含量大于38.8％,1,8-桉叶素含量小于3.0％;1,8-按叶素型初选依据为:小于1 cm的枝叶含油率大于2.60％,精油中1,8-桉叶素含量大于66.6％. 相似文献
2.
研究了4种不同干燥方法(太阳晒干、热风干燥、真空干燥和冷冻干燥)对互叶白千层理化特性及精油品质的影响,结果表明:经热风干燥互叶白千层中总黄酮含量最高,为(2.68±0.27)%;经冷冻干燥互叶白千层DPPH·清除率、·ABTS~+清除率最低,分别为(53.74±4.58)%、(71.63±2.95)%;经4种方法干燥后,精油提取得率下降,冷冻干燥所得互叶白千层精油提取得率最高(5.99±0.60)%,精油中松油烯-4-醇大于30%,1,8-桉叶素小于5%,符合ISO4790—2004及GB/T 26514—2011中的规定标准;且经太阳晒干与热风干燥后所得精油中松油烯-4-醇含量的差异显著,太阳晒干所得精油中松油烯-4-醇最高为(50.14±1.48)%,冷冻干燥所得精油中1,8-桉叶素最低,为(1.19±0.09)%。 相似文献
3.
《西部林业科学》2017,(3)
以4-松油醇型优良单株无性繁殖的互叶白千层苗木为材料,种植后,在施用N、P、K 3种大量元素肥料的同时,加施一定量微量元素肥料,探索不同肥料对互叶白千层生长和精油的影响。结果表明,微量元素氯和硼对4-松油醇型互叶白千层地径及有效生物量的生长有一定促进作用,地径均比对照增加35.6%、比单施大量元素肥料增加7.9%,有效生物量比对照增加28.9%和27.2%、比单施大量元素肥料增加10.5%和9.0%。微量元素锌和铁对4-松油醇型互叶白千层枝叶含油量有一定促进作用,加施前者的枝叶精油含量比对照高13.1%(按精油计,下同)、比单施大量元素肥料高2.0%,加施后者的枝叶精油含量比对照高14.2%、比单施大量元素肥料高2.9%。微量元素硼对4-松油醇型互叶白千层枝叶精油中的主要组份1,8-桉叶素的影响最大,精油中1,8-桉叶素含量比对照低得多,仅为其它所有处理的1/2以下。 相似文献
4.
互叶白千层精油化学成分差异的研究 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
对１７个互叶白千层精油样品化学成分进行定性定量分析。结果表明,其精油样品差异主要在于主含成分不同,即１．８－桉叶油素、γ－松油稀、异松油烯和松油醇－４这４种化合物的相对含量不同。 相似文献
5.
以高4-松油醇含量的樟树优良种质为研究对象,采用水蒸气蒸馏法(SD)从樟树的枝、叶中提取挥发油,测定其含油率,用气相色谱法(GC)测定其化学成分含量,用气质联用法(GC-MS)鉴定其化学成分。结果发现,叶高得油率和精油高4-松油醇含量是该樟树的特殊显著特点。叶的平均得油率为2.67%;从樟树枝、叶精油中鉴定出相对质量分数≥0.16%组分36种;其中枝、叶精油中均含有的组分23种,含量较高的组分有α-水芹烯、α-蒎烯、香桧烯、邻伞花烃、γ-松油烯、4-松油醇、石竹烯等。其中枝、叶精油中相对含量最高的组分都为4-松油醇,在叶精油中平均含量为27.99%,枝精油中平均含量为35.25%。 相似文献
6.
互叶白千层精油化学成分的研究 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：14
采用毛细管气相色谱和色谱－质谱计算机联用系统,分析了互叶白千层精油的化学成分。其主要万分是松油醇－４,α－松油烯,γ－松油烯,１,８－桉叶油素。 相似文献
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8.
互叶白千层精油的组分及抗菌作用 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
互叶白千层精油的主要组分有松油醇－４,α－松油γ－松油烯,１．８－桉叶油素等,互叶白千层精油对金黄色葡萄球菌等具有较强的抗菌能力,是一种优良的天然抗菌剂,有很好的开发利用前景。 相似文献
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10.
以前期选育的互叶白千层Melaleuca alternifolia 6个优树无性系为材料，在福建寿宁、广东东源、广西钟山开展区域性试验，通过测量生长与精油性状发现，生长性状（树高、地径、胸径和树冠截面积）、鲜叶含油量和精油中4-松油醇占比在无性系水平上以及地点间均存在极显著差异，表明精油资源林培育中无性系遗传特性与生境适应性均很重要。6个无性系精油中的4-松油醇占比均超过30%，即达到国家标准GB/T 26514-2011要求。综合选择指数分析结果显示，广西钟山适宜推广无性系YHB1、YHB2、 YHB3，福建寿宁适宜种植无性系YHB1和YHB2，广东东源适宜发展无性系YHB1、YHB2、YHB3和YHB4。 相似文献
11.
本文对7个史密斯桉无性系桉叶的出油率进行了测定,对其精油成份进行了分析。结果表明：在7个史密斯桉无性系中,出油率在3．0％以上的有17号、2号、8号,出油率分别达到3．67％、3．61％、3．20％,出油率分别超过史密斯桉实生苗91．43％、88．62％、67．39％,分别超过蓝桉实生苗131．97％、128．18％、102．29％,具有较高的精油得率;精油成份分析表明：在7个史密斯桉无性系中1,8-枝叶素含量在80％以上的有4号、8号、7号、1号无性系,分别为82．85％、80.31％、80．26％、80．05％;以1,8-桉叶素产量为首选指标的综合分析表明,出油率是1,8-桉叶素产量的关键因素,出油率与1,8-桉叶素产量呈正相关。 相似文献
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13.
This study has developed the first formal breeding objective for the Australian tea tree plantation industry. Significant
gains in profitability of Australian tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) could be made through selection for biomass and oil yield, while maintaining oil quality at acceptable levels. Economic
values or weights (EWs), for breeding-objective traits were estimated based on a bio-economic model of a typical production
system in Australia. Sensitivity of EWs to the production-system parameters was analysed by what-if scenarios. Selection indices
and genetic responses were derived and sensitivity of selection index coefficients to variation in EWs and genetic parameters
were analysed by Monte Carlo simulation. The EW for average leaf biomass (LB) and oil content (OC) had the net present value
of AU29.53/kg and AU29.53/kg and AU2059 per mg/g, respectively. Among the production system parameters studied, discount rate and oil price
had large impact on the two EWs, while operating costs changed the EW of LB but did not affect the that of OC. Using optimal
selection index, positive expected responses in objective traits LB (36.2 kg/ha/year), OC (4.64 mg/g), and in all selection
traits (i.e. juvenile OC, height, leafiness, and 1,8-cineole) were obtained except for terpinen-4-ol, at a 10% selection intensity
(i = 1.76). Use of restricted selection index resulted in zero change in either 1,8-cineole or terpinen-4-ol content, but also
in an opportunity cost especially in OC. The most important factor affecting the sensitivity of the selection index was the
EW for OC. 相似文献
14.
应用水蒸气蒸馏法从多花红千层（Callistemon speciosus）叶提取挥发油,利用气质联用仪（GC-MS）分离鉴定,采用GC峰面积归一法确定其相对含量。挥发油得率为1．34％;分离出29个组分,鉴定了其中的21种化合物,占色谱总馏出峰面积的90．303％,其主要成分是1,8-桉叶素（31．987％）、α-松油醇（14．059％）、3-硝基乙醇（13．264％）、瓜菊醇酮（9．246％）、松油醇-4（6．038％）等。 相似文献
15.
用挥发油提取器提取柳叶红千层枝叶的挥发油,利用气相色谱-质谱（GC—MS）分析其中的化学成分,采用GC峰面积归一化法定量,鉴定出25种化合物,占挥发油总量的97．17％以上,主要成分为1,8-桉叶素（54．98％）,α-松油醇（10．75％）,α-蒎烯（10．64％）,芋烯（6．55％）等。 相似文献
16.
Filippo Maggi Massimo Bramucci Cinzia Cecchini Maria M. Coman Alberto Cresci Gloria Cristalli Giulio Lupidi Fabrizio Papa Luana Quassinti Gianni Sagratini Sauro Vittori 《Fitoterapia》2009,80(6):313-319
Essential oil from flowers (FL) and vegetative parts (VP) of Achillea ligustica (Asteraceae), naturalized after cultivation in central Italy, was investigated by GC–FID and GC–MS. The most abundant components were linalool, viridiflorol, β-pinene, 1,8-cineole and terpinen-4-ol. The antioxidant assays (DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays, and β-carotene bleaching test) demonstrated a moderate activity of essential oils. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the broth micro-dilution method on 6 microbial strains and showed to be quite strong against the cariogenic Gram-positive Streptococcus mutans, suggesting that this essential oil could be a valid candidate for anti-cariogenic formulations. Moderate cytotoxic activity was observed in assays on four tumour cell lines by MTT assay. 相似文献
17.
Variation in oil yields from plantations and natural stands of Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden and Betche) Cheel indicates considerable potential for improving plantation production through breeding. Some populations of the more widely distributed species, M. linariifolia Sm., produce a similar leaf oil and may provide opportunities to expand the genetic base of plantations. Growth and oil traits were assessed for 60 half-sib families, representing three chemical forms of Melaleuca alternifolia, and 10 half-sib families of the terpinen-4-ol rich chemical form of M. linariifolia, in a provenance/progeny trial in northern New South Wales, Australia. Differences in oil composition and coppicing between the terpinen-4-ol rich forms of the two species were significant (P < 0.05), while differences in growth traits and leaf oil yield were not significant. The difference in oil composition between northern and southern populations of M. linariifolia was as great as differences between the two species, suggesting the two regions should be considered distinct races for breeding purposes.Narrow-sense heritabilities in M. alternifolia of 0.67 for oil yield, 0.25 for plant dry weight, and 0.27 for coppice indicate substantial improvement would follow selection for single traits. However, negative genetic correlations between oil yield and plant dry weight indicate it is not possible to simultaneously achieve major gains in the two traits. Using combined index selection with a restriction on plant dry weight, expected gains of 17% in oil yield and 14% in coppicing are predicted from one generation of selection at an intensity of one tree in ten. 相似文献
18.
采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取龙脑型阴香叶片精油,并用气质联用法检测分析 2018 全年各月含油率
及主要化学成分的含量变化。研究结果发现,全年各月精油所含化学成分主要为次生代谢产物,有 30-40
种,主要为萜烯类、萜醇类和酯类化合物;不同月份精油及右旋龙脑含量分别达极显著和显著差异;而
不同季度中精油含量达极显著差异,右旋龙脑含量无显著差异,表明选择合适的月份 / 季节采收枝叶,可
以显著提高精油和右旋龙脑的产量。多重比较显示 10-12 月（冬季）精油含量最高,右旋龙脑含量在 7-9
月（秋季）最高。综合精油和右旋龙脑含量两个因素测算,建议在冬季（即 10-12 月）进行枝叶采收可以
提高经济效益。精油中非右旋龙脑成分含量年度内在 44.27%~71.00% 之间,具有相当的比重,含量较高
的化学成分如桉树脑等均是医药、日化和化工产品的重要原料,综合开发利用桉树脑等重要成分,可提
高收益。 相似文献